Low Energy Nuclear Data

Geant4 Low Energy Nuclear Data (LEND) Package G4LEND is a set of low energy nuclear interaction models in Geant4. The LEND package uses Generalized Nuclear Data (GND) which is a modern format for storing nuclear data. To use the package, users must download data from ftp://gdo142.ucllnl.org/ and then GND_v1.3.tar.gz in the directory GND_after2013 is the file you need to download and unpack. Please set an environment variable G4LENDDATA pointing the directory which contains unpacked gammas.map and neutrons.map files. The download contains GND-formatted nuclear data for incident neutrons and gammas which are converted from the ENDF/B-VII.r1 library. A total of 421 target nuclides from H to Es are available for the neutron- incident data and 162 nuclides from H to Pt for the gamma-incident data. The cross sections and final state products of the interactions are extracted from the data using the General Interaction Data Interface (GIDI). G4LEND then allow them to be used in Geant4 hadronic cross section and model. G4LEND is a data-driven model; therefore the data library quality is crucial for its physics performance. Energy range of the package is also a function of data library. In the case of the data which converted from ENDF/B-VII.r1, it can handle neutrons interaction from below thermal energy up to 20 MeV for most target nuclides. The upper limit of the energy enhances up to 150 MeV for some target nuclides. One important limitation of the model is that it does not guarantee conservation laws beyond the 2 body interaction.

The evaluated data applied to this model are particularly suitable for incident gammas below 20 MeV giving higher precision than the default Bertini Cascade model (The Bertini Intranuclear Cascade Model).