Distributions in the horizontal (top) and vertical (bottom) planes of the reconstructed vertices in $b1$ (blue filled circles and solid fit line) and $b2$ (red open circles and dashed fit line) crossings in one fill.

Measured profiles of beam-1, beam-2 and luminous region (from left to right) in the horizontal direction $x$, in $bb$ crossings of one pair of colliding bunches in one fill. The solid curve is a fit to the observed distributions, the dotted curve represents the vertex resolution, and the dashed curve shows the underlying distributions after deconvolution of the vertex resolution.

Mass distributions of all selected $ K^0_{\rm S}$ candidates, in the downstream-track (left) and long-track (right) selections. The points are the beam-gas subtracted data and the curves are the result of the fits described in the text.

Left: Downstream track multiplicity for events containing a signal $ K^0_{\rm S}$ , in data (black filled circles) and MC (red open squares), normalized to unit area. Right: Trigger efficiency for events containing a signal $ K^0_{\rm S}$ decay in the downstream-track selection, as a function of the $ K^0_{\rm S}$ $p_{\rm T}$, estimated both in data (black filled circles) and MC (red open squares), using Eq. (9).

Double-differential prompt $ K^0_{\rm S}$ production cross-section in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=0.9$ TeV as a function of transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$ and rapidity $y$. The points represent LHCb data, with total uncertainties shown as vertical error bars and statistical uncertainties as tick marks on the bars. The histograms are predictions from different settings of the PYTHIA generator (see text). The lower plots show the MC/data ratios, with the shaded band representing the uncertainty for one of these ratios, dominated by the uncertainty on the measurements (the relative uncertainties for the other ratios are similar).

Absolute measurements of the prompt $ K^0_{\rm S}$ production cross-section as a function of transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$, performed by the UA1 [5], UA5 [2], CDF [4] and LHCb experiments, at different high-energy hadron colliders and in different rapidity ($y$) or pseudo-rapidity ($\eta$) ranges.

Animated gif made out of all figures.

Parameters describing the vertex resolution functions defined in Eqs. (7) and (8). The quoted errors include statistical and systematic uncertainties. The parameters $f_j$ and $r_j$ were fixed in the fits, and hence have no uncertainties.

$ K^0_{\rm S}\to\pi^+\pi^-$ selection requirements.

Number of observed beam-gas subtracted $ K^0_{\rm S}\to\pi^+\pi^-$ signal decays, as extracted in the downstream- and long-track selections for each bin of transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$ and rapidity $y$. The first quoted uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The latter is uncorrelated across bins. A dash indicates that the statistics were insufficient to determine a result in that bin.

Total efficiencies (in %) in bins of transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$ and rapidity $y$ for the two selections. The first uncertainty is uncorrelated, including the statistical uncertainty from MC, and the second is at least partially correlated across bins.

Sources of uncertainty on the $ K^0_{\rm S}$ production cross-sections of Eq. (1), with relative values quoted for the downstream-track selection. A range of values means that the uncertainty was evaluated per bin of $(p_{\rm T}, y)$ phase space (with extreme values quoted), while a single value indicates a global uncertainty assumed to be bin-independent. The different contributions are classified as uncorrelated or (at least partially) correlated across the different bins.

Prompt $ K^0_{\rm S}$ production cross-section (in $\mu$b) measured in bins of transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$ and rapidity $y$, as defined in Eq. (1). The first quoted error is the statistical uncertainty, the second error is the uncorrelated systematic uncertainty, and the third error is the systematic uncertainty correlated across bins.