Distributions of the simultaneous fits to the (left) $\text{M}(K^- \pi^+ \pi^+)$ and (right) $\log_{10}\chi^2_{\text{\rm IP}} $ for $ D ^+ $ mesons in the forward data sample in the kinematic bin of $2< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <3 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $ and $3.0<y^*<3.5$.

Distributions of the simultaneous fits to the (left) $\text{M}(K^- \pi^+ \pi^+)$ and (right) $\log_{10}\chi^2_{\text{\rm IP}} $ for $ D ^+ $ mesons in the backward data sample in the kinematic bin of $2< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <3 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $ and $-4.5<y^*<-4.0$.

Distributions of the simultaneous fits to the (left) $\text{M}(K^-K^+ \pi^+)$ and (right) $\log_{10}\chi^2_{\text{\rm IP}} $ for $ D ^+_ s $ mesons in the forward data sample in the kinematic bin of $2< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <3 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $ and $3.0<y^*<3.5$.

Distributions of the simultaneous fits to the (left) $\text{M}(K^- K^+ \pi^+)$ and (right) $\log_{10}\chi^2_{\text{\rm IP}} $ for $ D ^+_ s $ mesons in the backward data sample in the kinematic bin of $2< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <3 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $ and $-4.5<y^*<-4.0$.

Double-differential cross-section of prompt $ D ^+ $ mesons in $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions for the (left) forward and (right) backward rapidities. The error bars are the statistical uncertainty and the boxes are the systematic uncertainty, both of which are smaller than the symbol size. The value in a particular rapidity interval is scaled by a multiplicative factor $10^{-m}$, where the factor $m$ increase as the rapidity rises.

Double-differential cross-section of prompt $ D ^+_ s $ mesons in $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions for the (left) forward and (right) backward rapidities. The error bars are the statistical uncertainty and the boxes are the systematic uncertainty, both of which are smaller than the symbol size. The value in a particular rapidity interval is scaled by a multiplicative factor $10^{-m}$, where the factor $m$ increase as the rapidity rises.

Differential cross-section of prompt $ D ^+ $ meson production in $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions as a function of (left) $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ and (right) $y^{*}$ in the forward and backward collision samples. The error bars are the statistical uncertainty while the boxes are the systematic uncertainty.

Differential cross-section of prompt $ D ^+_ s $ meson production in $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions as a function of (left) $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ and (right) $y^{*}$ in the forward and backward collision samples. The error bars are the statistical uncertainty while the boxes are the systematic uncertainty.

Nuclear modification factors $R_{ p\mathrm{Pb} }$ as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ for prompt $ D ^+ $ and $ D ^+_ s $ meson production in the (left) forward data and (right) backward data. The error bars are the statistical uncertainty and the boxes are the systematic uncertainty. The CGC [73,74,75] predictions are only available in the forward region. Previous results on $ D ^0$ mesons [36] from LHCb are also shown.

Nuclear modification factors $R_{ p\mathrm{Pb} }$ as a function of $y^*$ for prompt $ D ^+ $ and $ D ^+_ s $ meson production, integrated up to $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} =10 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $. The error bars are the statistical uncertainty and the boxes are the systematic uncertainty. The CGC [73,74,75] predictions are only available in the forward region. Previous results on $ D ^0$ mesons [36] from LHCb are also shown.

Forward-backward ratios $R_\mathrm{FB}$ for prompt $ D ^+ $ and $ D ^+_ s $ meson production (left) as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $; (right) as a function of $y^*$. The error bars are the statistical uncertainty while the boxes are the systematic uncertainty. Previous results on $ D ^0$ [36] mesons and $\Lambda ^+_ c $ [37] baryons from LHCb are also shown.

Production ratios as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ in LHCb $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions. The error bars show the statistical uncertainty while the boxes show the systematic uncertainty. The uncertainties related to the branching fractions are not shown in the figure. The measurements are also compared with other results of $pp$ [15,53] and $ p\mathrm{Pb}$ [38] collisions at the same centre-of-mass energy from LHCb and ALICE.

Production ratios as a function of $y^*$ in LHCb $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions. The error bars show the statistical uncertainty while the boxes show the systematic uncertainty. The uncertainties related to the branching fractions are not shown in the figure. The measurements are also compared with the results of $pp$ collisions at the same centre-of-mass energy from LHCb [53].

Animated gif made out of all figures.

Summary of systematic and statistical uncertainties on the $D$-meson cross-section measurements ($\%$).

Double-differential cross-section (mb) for prompt $ D ^+ $ mesons as functions of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ and $y^{*}$ in the forward regions. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third is the fully correlated component.

Double-differential cross-section (mb) for prompt $ D ^+ $ mesons as functions of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ and $y^{*}$ in the backward regions. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third is the fully correlated component.

Double-differential cross-section (mb) for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ mesons as functions of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ and $y^{*}$ in the forward regions. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third is the fully correlated component.

Double-differential cross-section (mb) for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ mesons as functions of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ and $y^{*}$ in the backward regions. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third is the fully correlated component.

Differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+ $ mesons as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ in the total forward and backward rapidity regions, respectively. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third is the fully correlated component.

Differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ mesons as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ in the total forward and backward rapidity regions, respectively. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third is the fully correlated component.

Differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+ $ mesons as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ in the common forward and backward regions, respectively. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third is the fully correlated component.

Differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ mesons as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ in the common forward and backward regions, respectively. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third is the fully correlated component.

Differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+ $ mesons as a function of $|y^{*}|$ integrated over $1< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <14 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $ for the forward and backward regions, respectively. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ mesons as a function of $|y^{*}|$ integrated over $1< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <14 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $ for the forward and backward regions, respectively. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{ p\mathrm{Pb} }$ for prompt $ D ^+ $ meson production in different $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ intervals, for the forward and backward rapidity regions. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{ p\mathrm{Pb} }$ for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ meson production in different $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ intervals, for the forward and backward rapidity regions. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{ p\mathrm{Pb} }$ for prompt $ D ^+ $ meson production in different $y^*$ intervals, integrated up to $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} =10 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{ p\mathrm{Pb} }$ for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ meson production in different $y^*$ intervals, integrated up to $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} =10 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Forward-backward production ratios of $ D ^+ $ mesons as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $, integrated over the common rapidity range $2.5<|y^*|<4.0$; and as a function of $y^*$, integrated over $0< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <14 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Forward-backward production ratios of $ D ^+_ s $ mesons as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $, integrated over the common rapidity range $2.5<|y^*|<4.0$; and as a function of $y^*$, integrated over $0< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <14 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Measured of $R_{ D ^+ / D ^0 }$ as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ in LHCb $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions at 5.02$\mathrm{ Te V}$ in the forward and backward regions, integrated over $2.5<|y^*|<4.0$. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Measured of $R_{ D ^+_ s / D ^0 }$ ratio as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ in LHCb $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions at 5.02$\mathrm{ Te V}$ in the forward and backward regions, integrated over $2.5<|y^*|<4.0$. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Measured of $R_{ D ^+_ s / D ^+ }$ ratio as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{ T}} $ in LHCb $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions at 5.02$\mathrm{ Te V}$ in the forward and backward regions, integrated over $2.5<|y^*|<4.0$. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Measured of $R_{ D ^+ / D ^0 }$ as a function of $|y^*|$ in LHCb $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions at 5.02$\mathrm{ Te V}$ in the forward and backward regions, integrated over $0< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <10 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Measured of $R_{ D ^+_ s / D ^0 }$ as a function of $|y^*|$ in LHCb $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions at 5.02$\mathrm{ Te V}$ in the forward and backward regions, integrated over $0< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <10 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.

Measured $R_{ D ^+_ s / D ^+ }$ as a function of $|y^*|$ in LHCb $ p\mathrm{Pb} $ collisions at 5.02$\mathrm{ Te V}$ in the forward and backward regions, integrated over $0< p_{\mathrm{ T}} <10 {\mathrm{ Ge V /}c} $. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic.