The charged particle multiplicity distribution of hadronic Z decays, as measured on the peak of the Z resonance using the ALEPH detector at LEP. The unfolding procedure was model independent, and the distribution was found to have a mean of 20.85 +- 0.24, Comparison with lower energy data supports the KNO scaling hypothesis. The shape of the multiplicity distribution is well described by a log-normal distribution, as predicted from a cascading model for multi-particle production.
Earlier measurements at LEP of isolated hard photons in hadronic Z decays, attributed to radiation from primary quark pairs, have been extended in the ALEPH experiment to include hard photon production inside hadron jets. Events are selected where all particles combine democratically to form hadron jets, one of which contains a photon with a fractional energy z > 0.7. After statistical subtraction of non-prompt photons, the quark-to-photon fragmentation function, D(z), is extracted directly from the measured 2-jet rate.
Summary paper of QCD results as measured by ALEPH at LEP 1. The publication includes various event shape variables, multiplicities (identified particles and inclusive), and particle spectra.
Study of Charm Production in Z Decays. Here, only the scaled energy distribution of D^{*+-} is implemented. Should be very important for fragmentation tuning.
Jet rates, event-shape variables and inclusive charged particle spectra are measured in e^+ e^- collisions at CMS energies between 91 and 209 GeV. The previously published data at 91.2 GeV and 133 GeV have been re-processed and the higher energy data are presented here for the first time. Note that the data have been corrected to include neutrinos.
This is an ALICE analysis where charged particle multiplicities (including the zero bin) have been measured in three different pseudorapidity intervals (|\eta|<0.5; |\eta|<1.0; |\eta|<1.3. Only the INEL distributions have been considered here, i.e. this analysis can only be meaningfully compared to PYTHIA 6 with diffractive processes disabled. The data were taken at 900 and 2360 GeV.
This is an ALICE publication with pseudorapities for \unit{0.9, 2.36 and 7}{\TeV} and the charged multiplicity at \unit{7}{\TeV}. The analysis requires at least on charged particle in the event. Only the INEL distributions are considered here
ALICE measurement of \langle p_\perp \rangle vs. N_\text{ch} and invariant particle yield (as function of p_\perp) in proton-proton collisions at \sqrt{s}=\unit{900}{\GeV}.
Tranverse momentum spectra of strange particles (K0s, Lambdas, Phis and Xis) in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 0.9 TeV with ALICE at the LHC. The ratio of cross sections as a function of pT for LAMBDA/K0S is also included.
Obtaining the tranverse momentum spectra of pions, kaons and protons in pp collisions at \sqrt{s} = 0.9 TeV with ALICE at the LHC. Mean transverse momentum as a function of the mass of the emitted particle is also included.
Jets are identified and their properties studied using tracks measured by the ATLAS Inner Detector. Events are selected using a minimum-bias trigger, allowing the emergence of jets at low transverse momentum to be observed and for jets to be studied independently of the calorimeter. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm applied to tracks with two parameter choices, 0.4 and 0.6. An inclusive jet transverse momentum cross section measurement from 4 GeV to 80 GeV is shown, integrated over |\eta| < 0.57 and corrected to charged particle-level truth jets. The probability that a particular particle carries a fixed fraction of the jet momentum (fragmentation function) is also measured. All data is corrected to the particle level. ATTENTION - Data read from plots!
The first measurements with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Data were collected using a minimum-bias trigger in December 2009 during proton-proton collisions at a centre of mass energy of 900 GeV. The charged- particle density, its dependence on transverse momentum and pseudorapid- ity, and the relationship between transverse momentum and charged-particle multiplicity are measured for events with at least one charged particle in the kinematic range |\eta| < 2.5 and p_\perp > 500 MeV. All data is corrected to the particle level.
The first jet cross section measurement made with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Anti-kt jets with R=0.4 and R=0.6 are resconstructed within |y|<2.8 and above 60~GeV for the inclusive jet cross section plots. For the di-jet plots the second jet must have pT>30~GeV. Jet pT and di-jet mass spectra are plotted in bins or rapidity |y|<0.3, 0.3<|y|<0.8, 0.8<|y|<1.2, 1.2<|y|<2.1, 2.1<|y|<2.8. Di-jet \chi spectra are plotted in bins of di-jet mass 340~GeV<m_{12}<520~GeV, 520~GeV<m_{12}<800~GeV and 800~GeV<m_{12}<1200~GeV.
The underlying event measurements with the ATLAS detector at the LHC at the center of mass energies of 900 GeV and 7 TeV. The observables sensitive to the underlying event, i.e the charged particle density and charged pT sum, as well as their standard deviations and the average pT, are measured as functions of the leading track. A track pT cut of 500 MeV is applied for most observables, but the main profile plots are also shown for a lower track cut of 100 MeV, which includes much more of the soft cross-section. The angular distribution of the charged tracks with respect to the leading track is also studied, as are the correlation between mean transverse momentum and charged particle multiplicity, and the `plateau' height as a function of the leading track |\eta|.
A measurement of the cross section for inclusive isolated photon production at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV. The measurement covers three ranges in |\eta|: [0.00,0.60), [0.60,1.37), and [1.52,1.81), for E_T^\gamma>15~GeV. The measurement uses 880nb^{-1} of integrated luminosity collected with the ATLAS detector.
Measurements from proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.36, and 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events were collected using a single-arm minimum-bias trigger. The charged-particle multiplicity, its dependence on transverse momentum and pseudorapidity and the relationship between the mean transverse momentum and charged-particle multiplicity are measured. Measurements in different regions of phase-space are shown, providing diffraction-reduced measurements as well as more inclusive ones. The observed distributions are corrected to well-defined phase-space regions, using model-independent corrections.
Cross sections, in both the electron and muon decay modes of the W boson, are presented as a function of jet multiplicity and of the transverse momentum of the leading and next-to-leading jets in the event. Measurements are also presented of the ratio of cross sections for inclusive jet multiplicities. The results, based on an integrated luminosity of 1.3 pb-1, have been corrected for all known detector effects and are quoted in a limited and well-defined range of jet and lepton kinematics.
Single lepton search for supersymmmetric particles by ATLAS at 7 TeV. Event counts in electron and muon signal regions are implemented as one-bin histograms. Histograms for missing transverse energy and effective mass are implemented for the two signal regions.
Search for supersymmmetric particles by ATLAS at 7 TeV in events with b-jets, large missing energy, and no leptons. Event counts in four signal regions (1 b-jet, m_eff>500*GeV; 1 b-jet, m_eff>700*GeV; 2 b-jets, m_eff>500*GeV; 2 b-jets, m_eff>700*GeV) are implemented as one-bin histograms. Histograms for missing transverse energy, effective mass, and pT of the leading jet are implemented for the 1 b-tag and 2 b-tag signal regions.
ATLAS measurement of track jet pT, multiplicity per jet, longitudinal fragmentation, transverse momentum, radius w.r.t jet axis distributions, with jets constructed from charged tracks with pT > 300 MeV, using the anti-k_T jet algorithm with R = 0.4, 0.6.
The W pT at \sqrt{s} = 7\;TeV is measured using W\to e \, \nu_e and W\to \mu \, \nu_\mu decay channels. The dressed leptons kinematics calculated from the sum of the post-FSR lepton momentum and the momenta of all photons radiated in a cone around the lepton, while the bare uses the lepton kinematics after all QED radiation.
Measurement of inclusive electron and muon cross sections for 7 < \pT <26~GeV in |\eta| <2.0, excluding 1.37<|\eta|<1.52, and muon cross section for 4 < \pT < 100~GeV in |\eta| <2.50. W/Z/gamma* component must be subtracted to leave the heavy flavour contribution.
The production of Kshort and Lambda hadrons is studied in inelastic pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 0.9 and 7 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using a minimum-bias trigger. The observed distributions of transverse momentum, rapidity, and multiplicity are corrected to hadron level in a model-independent way within well defined phase-space regions. The distribution of the production ratio of Lambdabar to Lambda baryons is also measured. The results are compared with various Monte Carlo simulation models. Although most of these models agree with data to within 15% in the Kshort distributions, substantial disagreements with data are found in the Lambda distributions of transverse momentum.
Measurement of jet shapes in inclusive jet production in pp collisions at 7 TeV based on 3pb^-1 of data. Jets are reconstructed in |\eta| < 5 using the anti-k_\perp algorithm with 30 < pT < 600 GeV and |y| < 2.8.
Dijet azimuthal decorrelation measured by ATLAS at 7 TeV. Jets are anti- kt with R=0.6, p_\perp>100 GeV, |\eta|<0.8. The analysis is binned in leading jet p_\perp bins. All data is fully corrected.
0-lepton search for squarks and gluinos by ATLAS at 7 TeV. Event counts in four signal regions A-D are implemented as one-bin histograms.
Underlying event measurements with the ATLAS detector at the LHC at center-of-mass energies of 900 GeV and 7 TeV, using calorimeter clusters rather than charged tracks.
Measurement of the muon charge asymmetry from W bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with ATLAS. The asymmetry is measured in the W \rightarrow \mu decay mode as a function of the muon pseudorapidity using a data sample corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 31pb^-1.
2-lepton search for supersymmetric particles by ATLAS at 7 TeV. Event counts in signal regions (3 same sign and 3 opposite sign) are implemented as one bin histograms. Histograms for missing transverse energy are implemented.
Single and dilepton search for first and second generation scalar leptoquarks by ATLAS at 7 TeV. Event counts in four signal regions (single lepton and dilepton for first and second generation) are implemented as one-bin histograms. Histograms for event transverse energy are implemented for dilepton signal regions and histograms for leptoquark mass are implemented for single lepton signal regions. Histograms for observables in six control regions are implemented.
ATLAS search for long-lived heavy charged particles for four different mass cuts. Currently only the slepton search is implemented.
A measurement of the cross section for inclusive isolated photon production at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV. The measurement is done in bins of M_{\gamma\gamma}, p_{T\gamma\gamma}, and \Delta\phi_{\gamma\gamma}, for isolated photons with |\eta|<2.37 and E_T^\gamma>16~GeV. The measurement uses 37 pb^{-1} of integrated luminosity collected with the ATLAS detector.
A measurement of the jet activity in rapidity intervals bounded by a dijet system. The fraction of events passing a veto requirement are shown as a function of both the rapidity interval size and the average transverse momentum of the dijet system. The average number of jets above the veto threshold are also shown as a function of the same variables. There are two possible selection criteria applied to data. Either the two highest transverse momentum jets or the jets most forward and backward in rapidity are taken to define the dijet system, where the veto threhsold is 20GeV. Additionally for the latter selection an alternative veto transverse momentum threshold which is equal to the average transverse momentum is applied. Jet selections are based on anti-kt with R=0.6, p_\perp>20 GeV and |y|<4.4.
Inclusive multi-jet production is studied using an integrated luminosity of 2.4 pb-1. Results on multi-jet cross sections are presented differential in pT of the four leading jets, HT. Additionally three-to-two jet fractions are presented differential in different observables. Jets are anti-kt with R=0.4 and R=0.6, p_\perp>80(60) GeV and |\eta|<2.8.
The Z pT at \sqrt{s} = 7\;TeV is measured using electron and muon Z decay channels. The dressed leptons definition uses photons clustered in a cone around the charged leptons, while the bare lepton definition uses the post-FSR charged leptons only in the Z reconstruction. The data used in the bare leptons calculation are based on a forward application of a PHOTOS-based energy loss correction and are hence not quite model-independent.
0-lepton search for squarks and gluinos by ATLAS at 7 TeV. Event counts in five signal regions are implemented as one-bin histograms.
Search for SUSY using events with 6 or more jets in association with missing transverse momentum produced in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The data sample has a total integrated luminosity of 1.34 fb^{-1}. Distributions in the W and top control regions are not produced, while in addition to the plots from the paper the count of events in the different signal regions is included.
Differential cross-sections of properties of the four leading jets in W+jets production, using the full 2010 dataset of 36 pb^-1. Observables include jet multiplicities, pT, H_T, angular distances, and others. All observables are available using jets with pT>30 and pT>20 GeV.
Pseudorapidity gap distributions in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV are studied using a minimum bias data sample with an integrated luminosity of 7.1 inverse microbarns. Cross sections are measured differentially in terms of Delta eta F, the larger of the pseudorapidity regions extending to the limits of the ATLAS sensitivity, at eta = +/- 4.9, in which no final state particles are produced above a transverse momentum threshold p_T Cut. The measurements span the region 0 < Delta eta F < 8 for 200 < p_T Cut < 800 MeV. At small Delta eta F, the data test the reliability of hadronisation models in describing rapidity and transverse momentum fluctuations in final state particle production. The measurements at larger gap sizes are dominated by contributions from the single diffractive dissociation process (pp -> Xp), enhanced by double dissociation (pp -> XY) where the invariant mass of the lighter of the two dissociation systems satisfies M_Y <~ 7 GeV. The resulting cross section is d sigma / d Delta eta F ~ 1 mb for Delta eta F >~ 3. The large rapidity gap data are used to constrain the value of the pomeron intercept appropriate to triple Regge models of soft diffraction. The cross section integrated over all gap sizes is compared with other LHC inelastic cross section measurements.
Analysis of charm quark fragmentation at 10.6 GeV, based on a data sample of 103 fb collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB accelerator. Fragmentation into charm is studied for the main charmed hadron ground states, namely D^0, D^+, D^+_s and \Lambda_c^+, as well as the excited states D^{*0} and D^{*+}. This analysis can be used to constrain charm fragmentation in Monte Carlo generators. Additionally, we determine the average number of these charmed hadrons produced per B decay at the \Upsilon(4S) resonance and measure the distribution of their production angle in e^+ e^- annihilation events and in B decays.
Transverse momentum distributions at 630 GeV and 1800 GeV based on data from the CDF experiment at the Tevatron collider.
Pseudorapidity distributions based on the CDF 630 and 1800 GeV runs from 1987. All data is detector corrected. The data confirms the UA5 measurement of a \d{N}/\d{\eta} rise with energy faster than \ln{\sqrt{s}}, and as such this analysis is important for constraining the energy evolution of minimum bias and underlying event characteristics in MC simulations.
Data taken with the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) during the 1988-1989 run of the Tevatron are used to measure the distribution of the center-of-mass (rest frame of the initial state partons) angle between isolated prompt photons and the beam direction.
CDF Run I color coherence analysis. Events with \ge 3 jets are selected and Et distributions of the three highest-pT jets are obtained. The plotted quantities are the \Delta{R} between the 2nd and 3rd leading jets in the pT and pseudorapidity of the 3rd jet, and \alpha = \mathrm{d}{\eta}/\mathrm{d}{\phi}, where \mathrm{d}{\eta} is the pseudorapidity difference between the 2nd and 3rd jets and \mathrm{d}{\phi} is their azimuthal angle difference. Since the data has not been detector-corrected, a bin by bin correction is applied, based on the distributions with ideal and CDF simulation as given in the publication.
Properties of two-, three-, four-, five-, and six-jet events... Multijet-mass, leading jet angle, jet pT.
Multijet distributions corresponding to (4N-4) variables that span the N-body parameter space in inclusive N = 3-, 4-, and 5-jet events.
Measurement of jet angular distributions in events with two jets in the final state in 5 bins of dijet invariant mass. Based on 106 \mathrm{pb}^{-1}
Multijet distributions corresponding to 20 variables that span the 6-body parameter space in inclusive 6-jet events.
Measurement of the differential cross section \mathrm{d}\sigma/\mathrm{d}E_\perp^j for the production of multijet events in p\bar{p} collisions where the sum is over all jets with transverse energy E_\perp^j > E_\perp^\mathrm{min}.
Measurement of transverse momentum and total cross section of e^+e^- pairs in the Z-boson region of 66~\text{GeV}/c^2 < m_{ee} < 116~\text{GeV}/c^2 from pbar-p collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV, with the Tevatron CDF detector. The Z pT, in a fully-factorised picture, is generated by the momentum balance against initial state radiation (ISR) and the primordial/intrinsic pT of the Z's parent partons in the incoming hadrons. The Z pT is important in generator tuning to fix the interplay of ISR and multi-parton interactions (MPI) ingenerating `underlying event' activity. This analysis is subject to ambiguities in the experimental Z pT definition, since the Rivet implementation reconstructs the Z momentum from the dilepton pair with finite cones for QED bremstrahlung summation, rather than non-portable direct use of the (sometimes absent) Z in the event record.
Measurement of the cross section for production of two or more jets as a function of dijet mass in the range 180 to 1000 GeV. It is based on an integrated luminosity of 86 \mathrm{pb}^{-1}.
A measurement of the two-jet differential cross section, \mathrm{d}^3\sigma/\mathrm{d}E_T \, \mathrm{d}\eta_1 \, \mathrm{d}\eta_2, based on an integrated luminosity of 86 \mathrm{pb}^{-1}. The differential cross section is measured as a function of the transverse energy, E_\perp, of a jet in the pseudorapidity region 0.1 < |\eta_1| < 0.7 for four different pseudorapidity bins of a second jet restricted to 0.1 < |\eta_2| < 3.0.
Measurement of the inclusive jet cross section for jet transverse energies from 40 to 465 GeV in the pseudo-rapidity range 0.1<|\eta|<0.7. The results are based on 87 \mathrm{pb}^{-1} of data.
The original CDF underlying event analysis, based on decomposing each event into a transverse structure with ``toward'', ``away'' and ``transverse'' regions defined relative to the azimuthal direction of the leading jet in the event. Since the toward region is by definition dominated by the hard process, as is the away region by momentum balance in the matrix element, the transverse region is most sensitive to multi-parton interactions. The transverse regions occupy |\phi| \in [60\degree, 120\degree] for |\eta| < 1. The pT ranges for the leading jet are divided experimentally into the `min-bias' sample from 0--20 GeV, and the `JET20' sample from 18--49 GeV.
A study of p\bar{p} collisions at sqrt(s) = 1800 and 630 GeV collected using a minimum bias trigger in which the data set is divided into two classes corresponding to `soft' and `hard' interactions. For each subsample, the analysis includes measurements of the multiplicity, transverse momentum (pT) spectra, and the average pT and event-by-event pT dispersion as a function of multiplicity. A comparison of results shows distinct differences in the behavior of the two samples as a function of the center of mass energy. The properties of the soft sample are invariant as a function of c.m. energy. It should be noticed that minimum bias tunings of PYTHIA made by ATLAS in early 2010, which used this among all other available data from CDF and from ATLAS at 900~GeV and 7~TeV, found an unavoidable tension between this data and the rest. Accordingly, this data was excluded from the fits. Whether this reflects a problem with this dataset or with the PYTHIA MPI model is a judgement for users to make!
This analysis studies the underlying event via transverse cones of R = 0.7 at 90 degrees in \phi relative to the leading (highest E) jet, at sqrt(s) = 630 and 1800 GeV. This is similar to the 2001 CDF UE analysis, except that cones, rather than the whole central \eta range are used. The transverse cones are categorised as TransMIN and TransMAX on an event-by-event basis, to give greater sensitivity to the UE component. `Swiss Cheese' distributions, where cones around the leading n jets are excluded from the distributions, are also included for n = 2, 3. This analysis is useful for constraining the energy evolution of the underlying event, since it performs the same analyses at two distinct CoM energies. WARNING! The pT plots are normalised to raw number of events. The min bias data have not been reproduced by MC, and are not recommended for tuning.
Measurement of the cross section of prompt diphoton production in p\bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV using a data sample of 207~pb^{-1} as a function of the diphoton mass, the transverse momentum of the diphoton system, and the azimuthal angle between the two photons.
Measurement of jet shapes in inclusive jet production in p pbar collisions at center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV. The data cover jet transverse momenta from 37--380 GeV and absolute jet rapidities in the range 0.1--0.7.
Measurement of the inclusive jet cross section in ppbar interactions at \sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV using 385 \mathrm{pb}^{-1} of data. The data cover the jet transverse momentum range from 61 to 620 GeV/c in 0.1 < |y| < 0.7. This analysis has been updated with more data in more rapidity bins in CDF_2008_S7828950.
Measurement of the b-jet cross section in events with Z boson in p\bar{p} collisions at center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV. The data cover jet transverse momenta above 20 GeV and jet pseudorapidities in the range -1.5 to 1.5. Z bosons are identified in their electron and muon decay modes in an invariant dilepton mass range between 66 and 116 GeV.
CDF Run II measurement of inclusive jet cross sections at a p-pbar collision energy of 1.96~TeV. Jets are reconstructed in the central part of the detector (|y|<2.1) using the kT algorithm with an R parameter of 0.7. The minimum jet pT considered is 54~GeV, with a maximum around 700~GeV. The inclusive jet pT is plotted in bins of rapidity |y|<0.1, 0.1<|y|<0.7, 0.7<|y|<1.1, 1.1<|y|<1.6 and 1.6<|y|<2.1.
Rick Field's measurement of the underlying event in leading jet events. If the leading jet of the event is within |\eta| < 2, the event is accepted and ``toward'', ``away'' and ``transverse'' regions are defined in the same way as in the original (2001) CDF underlying event analysis. The leading jet defines the \phi direction of the toward region. The transverse regions are most sensitive to the underlying event.
Deepak Kar and Rick Field's measurement of the underlying event in Drell-Yan events. Z -> ee and Z -> \mu\mu events are selected using a Z mass window cut between 70 and 110~GeV. ``Toward'', ``away'' and ``transverse'' regions are defined in the same way as in the original (2001) CDF underlying event analysis. The reconstructed Z defines the \phi direction of the toward region. The leptons are ignored after the Z has been reconstructed. Thus the region most sensitive to the underlying event is the toward region (the recoil jet is boosted into the away region).
Cross sections as a function of jet transverse momentum in 1 and 2 jet events, and jet multiplicity in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV, based on an integrated luminosity of 1.7~\text{fb}^{-1}. The measurements cover the rapidity region |y_\text{jet}| < 2.1 and the transverse momentum range pT^\text{jet} > 30~\text{GeV}/c.
Measurement of the cross section for W boson production in association with jets in p\bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. The analysis uses 320 pb^{-1} of data collected with the CDF II detector. W bosons are identified in their e\nu decay channel and jets are reconstructed using an R < 0.4 cone algorithm. For each W + \geq n-jet sample (where n = 1--4) a measurement of d\sigma({p}\bar{p} \rightarrow W + \geq n jet)/dE_T(n^{th}-jet) \times BR(W \rightarrow{e}\nu) is made, where dE_T(n^{th}-jet) is the Et of the n^{th}-highest Et jet above 20 GeV. A measurement of the total cross section, \sigma(p\bar{p} \rightarrow W + \geq n-jet) \times BR(W \rightarrow{e}\nu) with E_T(n^{th}-jet) > 25 GeV is also made. Both measurements are made for jets with |\eta| < 2 and for a limited region of the W \rightarrow{e}\nu decay phase space; |\eta^{e}| < 1.1, p_{T}^{e} > 20 GeV, p_{T}^{\nu} > 30 GeV and M_{T} > 20 GeV. The cross sections are corrected for all detector effects and can be directly compared to particle level W + jet(s) predictions. These measurements can be used to test and tune QCD predictions for the number of jets in and kinematics of W + jets events.
A measurement of the shapes of b-jets using 300 pb^{-1} of data obtained with CDF II in p\bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. The measured quantity is the average integrated jet shape, which is computed over an ensemble of jets. This quantity is expressed as \Psi(r/R) = \langle\frac{p_\perp(0 \rightarrow r)}{p_\perp(0 \rightarrow R)}\rangle, where p_\perp(0 \rightarrow r) is the scalar sum of the transverse momenta of all objects inside a sub-cone of radius r around the jet axis. The integrated shapes are by definition normalized such that \Psi(r/R =1) = 1. The measurement is done in bins of jet pT in the range 52 to 300\;GeV/c. The jets have |\eta| < 0.7. The b-jets are expected to be broader than inclusive jets. Moreover, b-jets containing a single b-quark are expected to be narrower than those containing a b \bar{b} pair from gluon splitting.
Measurement of the inclusive jet cross section in p\bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV as a function of jet E_\perp, for E_\perp > 62 GeV. The data is collected by the CDF II detector and has an integrated luminosity of 1.13 fb^{-1}. The measurement was made using the cone-based Midpoint jet clustering algorithm in rapidity bins within |y|<2.1. This measurement can be used to provide increased precision in PDFs at high parton momentum fraction x.
Dijet mass spectrum from 0.2 TeV to 1.4 TeV in p \bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV, based on an integrated luminosity of 1.13 fb^{-1}.
Measurement of the b-jet production cross section for events containing a Z boson produced in p\bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 fb^{-1} collected by the CDF II detector at the Tevatron. Z bosons are selected in the electron and muon decay modes. Jets are considered with transverse energy E_T>20 GeV and pseudorapidity |\eta|<1.5. The ratio of the integrated Z + b-jet cross section to the inclusive Z production cross section is measured differentially in jet E_T, jet \eta, Z-boson transverse momentum, number of jets, and number of b-jets. The first two measurements have an entry for each b-jet in the event, the last three measurements have one entry per event.
Niccolo Moggi's min bias analysis. Minimum bias events are used to measure the charged multiplicity distribution. The multiplicity distribution was not published in S8233977 but the numbers and a public note are available from the CDF website given above. Note: the systematic and statistical errors in Rivet were added in quadrature.
Niccolo Moggi's min bias analysis. Minimum bias events are used to measure the average track pT vs. charged multiplicity, a track pT distribution and an inclusive \sum E_T distribution.
CDF measurement of the total cross section and rapidity distribution, \mathrm{d}\sigma/\mathrm{d}y, for q\bar{q}\to \gamma^{*}/Z\to e^{+}e^{-} events in the Z boson mass region (66<M_{ee}<116 GeV/c^2) produced in p\bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV with 2.1 fb^{-1} of integrated luminosity.
A measurement of the cross section for the inclusive production of isolated photons. The measurement covers the pseudorapidity region |\eta^\gamma|<1.0 and the transverse energy range E_T^\gamma>30~GeV and is based on 2.5~fb^{-1} of integrated luminosity. The cross section is measured differential in E_\perp(\gamma).
Deepak Kar and Rick Field's measurement of the underlying event in Drell-Yan events. Z -> ee and Z -> \mu\mu events are selected using a Z mass window cut between 70 and 110~GeV. ``Toward'', ``away'' and ``transverse'' regions are defined in the same way as in the original (2001) CDF underlying event analysis. The reconstructed Z defines the \phi direction of the toward region. The leptons are ignored after the Z has been reconstructed. Thus the region most sensitive to the underlying event is the toward region (the recoil jet is boosted into the away region).
Rick Field's measurement of the underlying event in leading jet events. If the leading jet of the event is within |\eta| < 2, the event is accepted and ``toward'', ``away'' and ``transverse'' regions are defined in the same way as in the original (2001) CDF underlying event analysis. The leading jet defines the \phi direction of the toward region. The transverse regions are most sensitive to the underlying event.
Charged particle spectra are measured in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies 900 and 2360 GeV. The spectra are normalized to all non-single-diffractive (NSD) events using corrections for trigger and selection efficiency, acceptance, and branching ratios. There are transverse-momentum (pT) spectra from 0.1 to 2 GeV in bins of pseudorapidity (eta) and pT spectra from 0.1 to 4 GeV for |eta|<2.4. The eta spectra come from the average of three methods and cover |eta|<2.5 and are corrected to include all pT. The data were corrected according to the SD/DD/ND content of the CMS trigger, as predicted by pythia6. The uncertainties connected with correct or uncorrect modelling of diffraction were included in the systematic errors.
Charged particle spectra are measured in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies 7000 GeV. The spectra are normalized to all non-single-diffractive (NSD) events using corrections for trigger and selection efficiency, acceptance, and branching ratios. There are transverse-momentum (pT) spectra from 0.1 to 2 GeV in bins of pseudorapidity (eta) and the pT spectrum from 0.1 to 6 GeV for |eta|<2.4. The eta spectra come from the average of three methods and cover |eta|<2.5 and are corrected to include all pT. The data were corrected according to the SD/DD/ND content of the CMS trigger, as predicted by pythia6. The uncertainties connected with correct or uncorrect modelling of diffraction were included in the systematic errors.
Measurements of primary charged hadron multiplicity distributions are presented for non-single-diffractive events in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.36, and 7 TeV, in five pseudorapidity ranges from |eta|<0.5 to |eta|<2.4. The data were collected with the minimum-bias trigger of the CMS experiment during the LHC commissioning runs in 2009 and the 7 TeV run in 2010. The average transverse momentum as a function of the multiplicity is also presented. The measurement of higher-order moments of the multiplicity distribution confirms the violation of Koba-Nielsen-Olesen scaling that has been observed at lower energies.
A measurement of the b-hadron production cross-section in proton-proton collisions at \sqrt{s} = 7~TeV. The dataset, corresponding to 85 inverse nanobarns, was recorded with the CMS experiment at the LHC using a low-threshold single-muon trigger. Events are selected by the presence of a muon with transverse momentum greater than 6 GeV with respect to the beam direction and pseudorapidity less than 2.1. The transverse momentum of the muon with respect to the closest jet discriminates events containing b hadrons from background. The inclusive b-hadron production cross section is presented as a function of muon transverse momentum and pseudorapidity.
Measurements of dijet azimuthal decorrelations in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using the CMS detector at the CERN LHC are presented. The analysis is based on an inclusive dijet event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.9/pb. Jets are anti-kt with R=0.5, p_\perp>80(30) GeV and |\eta|<1.1.
Central transverse Thrust and Minor have been measured in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV, with a data sample collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 inverse picobarns. Input for the variables are anti-kt jets with R=0.5.
Measurement of dijet angular distributions in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The data sample, collected with single jet triggers, has a total integrated luminosity of 36 pb-1, with jets being reconstructed using the anti-KT clustering algorithm using R=0.5. The data are presented for the variable CHI defined as EXP(|Y1-Y2|) where Y1 and Y2 are the rapidities of the two leading (highest PT) jets.'
The differential B\bar{B} cross-section is measured as a function of the opening angle \Delta{R} and \Delta\phi using data collected with the CMS detector during 2010 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.1 pb^{-1}. The measurement is performed for three different event energy scales, characterized by the transverse momentum of the leading jet in the event (above 56 GeV, above 84 GeV and above 120 GeV). Simulated events are normalised in the region \Delta{R} > 2.4 and \Delta\phi > 3/4\pi respectively.
The spectra of Kshort, Lambda, and Cascade- particles were measured versus transverse-momentum (pT) and rapidity(y) in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies 900 and 7000 GeV. The production is normalized to all non-single-diffractive (NSD) events using corrections for trigger and selection efficiency, acceptance, and branching ratios. The results cover a rapidity range of |y|<2 and a pT range from 0 to 10 GeV (Kshort and Lambda) and 0 to 6 GeV (Cascade-). Antiparticles are included in all measurements so only the sum of Lambda and Lambdabar and Cascade- and anti-Cascade- are given. The rapidity distributions are shown versus |y| but normalized to a unit of y. Ratios of Lambda/Kshort and Cascade-/Lambda production versus pT and |y| are also given, with somewhat smaller systematic uncertainties than obtained from taking the ratio of the individual distributions.' The data were corrected according to the SD/DD/ND content of the CMS trigger, as predicted by pythia6. The uncertainties connected with correct or uncorrect modelling of diffraction were included in the systematic errors.
The inclusive jet cross section is measured in pp collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV at the LHC using the CMS experiment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 34 inverse picobarns. The measurement is made for jet transverse momenta in the range 18-1100 GeV and for absolute values of rapidity less than 3. Jets are anti-kt with R=0.5, p_\perp>18 GeV and |y|<3.0.
A measurement of the ratio of the inclusive 3-jet to 2-jet cross sections as a function of the total jet transverse momentum, HT, in the range 0.2 < HT < 2.5 TeV is presented. The data have been collected at a proton-proton centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36/pb. Jets are anti-kt with R=0.5, p_\perp>50 GeV and |\eta|<2.5.
A measurement of the underlying activity in scattering processes with a hard scale in the several GeV region is performed in proton-proton collisions at Energies of 0.9 and 7 TeV, using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The production of charged particles with pseudorapidity |eta| < 2 and transverse momentum pT > 0.5 GeV/c is studied in the azimuthal region transverse to that of the leading set of charged particles forming a track-jet. Various comparisons are made between the two different energies and also beteen two sets of cuts on pT for leading track jet pT-leading > 3 GeV and pT-leading > 20 GeV. The activity is studied using 5 types of plots. 2 profile plots for the multiplcity of charged particles and the scalar sum of pT. and 3 distributions for the two previous quantities as well we pT for all the particles in the transverse region.
Forward energy flow measured by CMS at \sqrt{s} = 0.9 and 7~TeV in MB and dijet events.
Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles in pp collisions at \sqrt{s} = 0.9 and 7~TeV with at least one central charged particle.
The global topologies of inclusive three- and four-jet events produced in pbar p interactions are described. The three- and four-jet events are selected from data recorded by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider operating at a center-of-mass energy of \sqrt{s}=1800 GeV. The studies also show that the topological distributions of the different subprocesses involving different numbers of quarks are very similar and reproduce the measured distributions well. The parton-shower Monte Carlo generators provide a less satisfactory description of the topologies of the three- and four-jet events.
First measurement of the azimuthal decorrelation between jets with pseudorapidity separation up to five units. The data were accumulated using the D0 detector during Tevatron Run 1 at \sqrt{s}=1.8 TeV.
Measurement of the differential cross section for W boson production as a function of its transverse momentum. The data were collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider during 1994-1995 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 85 pb^{-1}.
Measurement of differential W/Z boson cross section and ratio in p \bar{p} collisions at center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV. The data cover electrons and neutrinos in a pseudo-rapidity range of -2.5 to 2.5.
Correlations in the azimuthal angle between the two largest pT jets have been measured using the D0 detector in ppbar collisions at 1960~GeV. The analysis is based on an inclusive dijet event sample in the central rapidity region. The correlations are determined for four different pT intervals.
Measurement of differential cross section for inclusive production of isolated photons in p pbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV with the D\O detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The photons span transverse momenta 23--300 GeV and have pseudorapidity |\eta| < 0.9. Isolated direct photons are probes of pQCD via the annihilation (q \bar{q} -> \gamma g) and quark-gluon Compton scattering (q g -> \gamma q) processes, the latter of which is also sensitive to the gluon PDF. The initial state radiation / resummation formalisms are sensitive to the resulting photon pT spectrum
Cross sections as a function of di-electron rapidity p \bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV, based on an integrated luminosity of 0.4~\text{fb}^{-1}.
Cross sections as a function of pT of the three leading jets and n-jet cross section ratios in p \bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV, based on an integrated luminosity of 0.4~\text{fb}^{-1}.
Cross sections as a function of pT of the vector boson inclusive and in forward region (|y| > 2, pT<30 GeV) in the di-electron channel in p \bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV, based on an integrated luminosity of 0.98~fb^{-1}.
Measurement of the inclusive jet cross section in p \bar{p} collisions at center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV. The data cover jet transverse momenta from 50--600 GeV and jet rapidities in the range -2.4 to 2.4.
The process p \bar{p} -> photon + jet + X as studied by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider at center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV. Photons are reconstructed in the central rapidity region |y_\gamma| < 1.0 with transverse momenta in the range 30--400 GeV, while jets are reconstructed in either the central |y_\text{jet}| < 0.8 or forward 1.5 < |y_\text{jet}| < 2.5 rapidity intervals with pT^\text{jet} > 15~\text{GeV}. The differential cross section \mathrm{d}^3 \sigma / \mathrm{d}{pT^\gamma} \mathrm{d}{y_\gamma} \mathrm{d}{y_\text{jet}} is measured as a function of pT^\gamma in four regions, differing by the relative orientations of the photon and the jet. MC predictions have trouble with simultaneously describing the measured normalization and pT^\gamma dependence of the cross section in any of the four measured regions.
Measurement of the electron charge asymmetry in p \bar p \to W + X \to e \nu_e + X events at a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV. The asymmetry is measured as a function of the electron transverse momentum and pseudorapidity in the interval (-3.2, 3.2). This data is sensitive to proton parton distribution functions due to the valence asymmetry in the incoming quarks which produce the W. Initial state radiation should also affect the pT distribution.
Cross sections as a function of pT and rapidity of the boson and pT and rapidity of the leading jet in the di-muon channel in p \bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV, based on an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb^{-1}.
Cross sections as a function of pT of the three leading jets in Z/\gamma^{*} (\to e^{+} e^{-}) + jet + X production in p \bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV, based on an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb^{-1}.
Dijet angular distributions in different bins of dijet mass from 0.25 TeV to above 1.1 TeV in p \bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV, based on an integrated luminosity of 0.7 fb^{-1}.
First measurements at a hadron collider of differential cross sections for Z (\to \mu\mu)+jet+X production in \Delta\phi(Z, j), |\Delta y(Z, j)| and |y_\mathrm{boost}(Z, j)|. Vector boson production in association with jets is an excellent probe of QCD and constitutes the main background to many small cross section processes, such as associated Higgs production. These measurements are crucial tests of the predictions of perturbative QCD and current event generators, which have varied success in describing the data. Using these measurements as inputs in tuning event generators will increase the experimental sensitivity to rare signals.
The inclusive dijet production double differential cross section as a function of the dijet invariant mass and of the largest absolute rapidity (|y|_\text{max}) of the two jets with the largest transverse momentum in an event is measured using 0.7 fb^{-1} of data. The measurement is performed in six rapidity regions up to |y|_\text{max}=2.4.
Direct photon pair production cross sections are measured using 4.2 fb^{-1} of data. They are binned in diphoton mass, the transverse momentum of the diphoton system, the azimuthal angle between the photons, and the polar scattering angle of the photons. Also available are double differential cross sections considering the last three kinematic variables in three diphoton mass bins. Note, the numbers in version 1 of the arXiv preprint were missing the dM normalisation in the double differential cross sections. This has been reported to and fixed by the authors in v2 and the journal submission. HepData as well as the Rivet analysis have also been updated.
Cross section as a function of pT of the Z boson decaying into muons in p \bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV, based on an integrated luminosity of 0.97 fb^{-1}.
Using 7.3 pb-1 the distribution of the variable \phi^* is measured, which probes the same physical effects as the Z/\gamma^* boson transverse momentum, but is less susceptible to the effects of experimental resolution and efficiency. Results are presented for both the di-electron and di-muon channel.
Measurement of the \Xi^- and \Sigma^+(1385)/\Sigma^-(1385) scaled momentum distributions by DELPHI at LEP 1. The paper also has the production cross-sections of these particles, but that's not implemented in Rivet.
Event shape and charged particle inclusive distributions measured using 750000 decays of Z bosons to hadrons from the DELPHI detector at LEP. This data, combined with identified particle distributions from all LEP experiments, was used for tuning of shower-hadronisation event generators by the original PROFESSOR method. This is a critical analysis for MC event generator tuning of final state radiation and both flavour and kinematic aspects of hadronisation models.
Measurement of the b-quark fragmentation function by DELPHI using 1994 LEP 1 data. The fragmentation function for both weakly decaying and primary b-quarks has been determined in a model independent way. Nevertheless the authors trust f(x_B^\text{weak}) more than f(x_B^\text{prim}).
The 4-jet angular distributions (Bengtsson-Zerwas, K\"orner-Schierholz- Willrodt, Nachtmann-Reiter, and \alpha_{34}) have been measured with DELPHI at LEP 1 using Jade and Durham cluster algorithms.
A measurement of the charged multiplicity distribution at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV.
This analysis is a demonstration of the Rivet analysis structure and functionality: booking histograms; the initialisation, analysis and finalisation phases; and a simple loop over event particles. It has no physical meaning, but can be used as a simple pedagogical template for writing real analyses.
Global properties of the hadronic final state in deep inelastic scattering events at HERA are investigated. The data are corrected for detector effects. Energy flows in both the laboratory frame and the hadronic centre of mass system, and energy-energy correlations in the laboratory frame are presented. Historically, the Ariadne colour dipole model provided the only satisfactory description of this data, hence making it a useful 'target' analysis for MC shower models.
DIS events at low x may be sensitive to new QCD dynamics such as BFKL or CCFM radiation. In particular, BFKL is expected to produce more radiation at high transverse energy in the rapidity span between the proton remnant and the struck quark jet. Performing a transverse energy sum in bins of x and \eta may distinguish between DGLAP and BFKL evolution.
Measurements of transverse energy flow for neutral current deep- inelastic scattering events produced in positron-proton collisions at HERA. The kinematic range covers squared momentum transfers Q^2 from 3.2 to 2200 GeV^2; the Bjorken scaling variable x from 8 \times 10^{-5} to 0.11 and the hadronic mass W from 66 to 233 GeV. The transverse energy flow is measured in the hadronic centre of mass frame and is studied as a function of Q^2, x, W and pseudorapidity. The behaviour of the mean transverse energy in the central pseudorapidity region and an interval corresponding to the photon fragmentation region are analysed as a function of Q^2 and W. This analysis is useful for exploring the effect of photon PDFs and for tuning models of parton evolution and treatment of fragmentation and the proton remnant in DIS.
Thrust, Jet Mass and Broadenings, Y23 for 35 and 44 GeV and only Y23 at 22 GeV.
Differential and integrated jet rates for Durham and JADE jet algorithms.
The paper presents the cross-section and double differential cross-section measurement for prompt K^0_S production in pp collisions at \sqrt{s}=0.9 TeV. The data were taken during the LHCb run in December 2009 and cover a transversal momentum range from 0 to 1.6 GeV/c. The differential production cross-section is calculated for three rapidity windows 2.5 < y < 3.0, 3.0 < y < 3.5 and 3.5 < y < 4.0 as well as the whole rapidity domain 2.5 < y < 4.0.
This paper presents the production ratios for \bar{\Lambda}/\Lambda and \bar{\Lambda}/K_{s}^{0} measured by LHCb detector in 2010 at \sqrt{s} = 0.9 TeV and 7 TeV as functions of the transverse momentum p_\perp and the rapidity y in the ranges 0.15 < p_\perp < \unit{2.50}{GeV/c} and 2.0 < y < 4.5, respectively. The results for the two energies are merged and represented as a function of rapidity loss \Delta y = y_{\mathrm{beam}} - y.
Measurement of the inclusive differential \Phi cross-section in pp collisions at \sqrt {s}=7TeV in the rapidity range of 2.44 < y < 4.06 and the p_\text{T} range of 0.6 GeV/c < p_\text{T} < 5.0 GeV/c.
Analysis of dijet events for the upcoming runs at the LHC, specifically studying azimuthal angle, transverse momentum distributions (including for leading jet and secondary jet), as well as charged particle multiplicities and transverse momenta.
Different observables related to the two photons
Generic analysis of typical event distributions such as \eta, y, pT, \phi\dots
The available observables are the Higgs mass, pT of jets 1--4, jet multiplicity, \Delta\eta(h, \text{jet1}), \Delta R(\text{jet2}, \text{jet3}), differential jet rates 0->1, 1->2, 2->3, 3->4, and integrated 0--4 jet rates.
Plotting of distributions of PID codes (all/stable/unstable) and ID-specific distributions such as the |\eta| of K, \pi and \Lambda mesons.
Jets with p_\perp>20 GeV are constructed with a k_\perp jet finder with D=0.7 and projected onto many different observables.
Rick Field's measurement of the underlying event in leading jet events, extended to the LHC. As usual, the leading jet of the defines an azimuthal toward/transverse/away decomposition, in this case the event is accepted within |\eta| < 2, as in the CDF 2008 version of the analysis. Since this isn't the Tevatron, I've chosen to use k_\perp rather than midpoint jets.
Plotting of PDF sampling info, such as the Q^2 and both x values of the sampling (aggregated and distinguished as max/min, and some correlations with event properties.
Different observables related to the photon and extra jets.
Modification of the MC leading jets underlying event analysis to study the UE in hard photon+jet events. This may be of interest, because the leading QCD dipole structure is different from that in either dijet or Drell-Yan hard processes. Observables are also extended to include the variation of transverse activity as a function of jet-photon balance, and using the photon rather than the jet to define the event alignment.
Analysis of generic SUSY events at the LHC, based on Atlas Herwig++ validation analysis contents. Plotted are eta, phi and pT observables for charged tracks, photons, isolated photons, electrons, muons, and jets, as well as various dilepton mass `edge' plots for different event selection criteria.
This is a pure Monte Carlo study for semi-leptonic t\bar{t} production.
Various plots for characterising the process V H \to b\bar{b}
Available observables are W mass, pT of jets 1-4, jet multiplicity, \Delta\eta(W, \text{jet1}), \Delta R(\text{jet2}, \text{jet3}), differential jet rates 0->1, 1->2, 2->3, 3->4, integrated 0--4 jet rates.
Observables sensitive to the polarisation of the W boson: A0, ... A7, fR, fL, f0, separately for W+ and W-.
In addition to the typical jet observables this analysis contains observables related to properties of the WW-pair momentum, correlations between the WW, properties of the W bosons, properties of the leptons, correlations between the opposite charge leptons and correlations with jets.
Analysis for bookkeeping of the total cross section, number of generated events and the ratio of events with positive and negative weights.
Available observables are Z mass, pT of jets 1-4, jet multiplicity, \Delta\eta(Z, \text{jet1}), \Delta R(\text{jet2}, \text{jet3}), differential jet rates 0->1, 1->2, 2->3, 3->4, integrated 0--4 jet rates.
In addition to the typical jet observables this analysis contains observables related to properties of the ZZ-pair momentum, correlations between the ZZ, properties of the Z bosons, properties of the leptons, correlations between the opposite charge leptons and correlations with jets.
Measurement of the production of photons in e^+ e^-\to q \bar q events at LEP 1.
Measurement of scaled momentum distributions and total charged multiplicities in flavour tagged events at LEP 1. OPAL measured these observables in uds-, c-, and b-events separately. An inclusive measurement is also included.
Angles between the leading (in energy) four jets defined using the Durham algorithm with y_\mathrm{cut}=0.008. The data is presented at the parton level and includes the Bengtsson-Zerwas, Korner-Schierholz-Willrodt and Nachtmann-Reiter angles as well as the angle between the two softest jets.
Measurement of e^+ e^- event shape variable distributions and their 1st to 5th moments in LEP running from the Z pole to the highest LEP 2 energy of 209 GeV.
Hadron multiplicities in hadronic e^+e^- events, taken from Review of Particle Properties 2008, table 40.1, page 355. Average hadron multiplicities per hadronic e^+e^- annihilation event at \sqrt{s} \approx {} 10, 29--35, 91, and 130--200 GeV. The numbers are averages from various experiments. Correlations of the systematic uncertainties were considered for the calculation of the averages.
Ratios (w.r.t. \pi^+/\pi^-) of hadron multiplicities in hadronic e^+ e^- events, taken from Review of Particle Properties 2008, table 40.1, page 355. Average hadron multiplicities per hadronic e^+ e^- annihilation event at \sqrt{s} \approx 10, 29--35, 91, and 130--200 GeV, normalised to the pion multiplicity. The numbers are averages from various experiments. Correlations of the systematic uncertainties were considered for the calculation of the averages.
Charged multiplicities are measured at sqrt(s) = 30.4, 44.5, 52.2 and 62.2 GeV using a minimum-bias trigger. The data is sub-divided into inleastic as well as non-single-diffractive events. However, the implementation of the diffractive events will require some work.
pT distributions of charged pions and (anti)protons in pp collisions at \sqrt{s} = 200 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC in non-single-diffractive minbias events.
pT distributions of identified strange particles in pp collisions at \sqrt{s} = 200 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC in non-single-diffractive minbias events. WARNING The \langle pT \rangle vs. particle mass plot is not validated yet and might be wrong.
Inclusive jet cross section as a function of pT in pp collisions at \sqrt{s} = 200 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC.
Charged Mulitplicity and identified charged particle spectra
Correlation in \eta and \phi between the charged hadron with the highest pT (``trigger particle'') and the other charged hadrons in the event (``associated particles''). The data was collected in d-Au collisions at 200 GeV. Nevertheless, it is very proton-proton like and can therefore be compared to pp Monte Carlo (not for tuning, but for qualitative studies.)
UE analysis similar to Rick Field's leading jet analysis. SIScone with radius/resolution parameter R=0.7 is used. Particles with pT > 0.2~\text{GeV} and |\eta| < 1 are included in the analysis. All particles are assumed to have zero mass. Only jets with neutral energy < 0.7 are included. For the transMIN and transMAX \Delta(\phi) is between \pi/3 and 2\pi/3, and \Delta(\eta) < 2.0. For the jet region the area of the jet is used for the normalization, i.e. the scaling factor is \pi R^2 and not \mathrm{d}\phi\mathrm{d}\eta (this is different from what Rick Field does!). The tracking efficiency is \sim 0.8, but that is an approximation, as below pT \sim 0.6~\text{GeV} it is falling quite steeply.
Event shapes Thrust, Sphericity, Aplanarity at four different energies
Particle multiplicities, transverse momenta and transverse energy distributions at the UA1 experiment, at energies of 200, 500 and 900 GeV (with one plot at 63 GeV for comparison).
Comparisons of multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions for pp and p\bar{p} collisions at 53 GeV, based on the UA5 53~GeV runs in 1982. Data confirms the lack of significant difference between the two beams.
This study comprises measurements of pseudorapidity distributions measured with the UA5 detector at 200 and 900 GeV center of momentum energy. There are distributions for non-single diffractive (NSD) events and also for the combination of single- and double-diffractive events. The NSD distributions are further studied for certain ranges of the events charged multiplicity.
Charged particle multiplicity measurement.
Data on two-particle pseudorapidity and multiplicity correlations of charged particles for non single-diffractive \bar{p}p collisions at c.m. energies of 200, 546 and 900 GeV. Pseudorapidity correlations interpreted in terms of a cluster model, which has been motivated by this and other experiments, require on average about two charged particles per cluster. The decay width of the clusters in pseudorapidity is approximately independent of multiplicity and of c.m. energy. The investigations of correlations in terms of pseudorapidity gaps confirm the picture of cluster production. The strength of forward-backward multiplicity correlations increases linearly with ins and depends strongly on position and size of the pseudorapidity gap separating the forward and backward interval. All our correlation studies can be understood in terms of a cluster model in which clusters contain on average about two charged particles, i.e. are of similar magnitude to earlier estimates from the ISR.
Multiplicity distributions of charged particles produced in non-single-diffractive collisions between protons and antiprotons at centre-of-mass energies of 200 and 900 GeV. The data were recorded in the UA5 streamer chambers at the CERN collider, which was operated in a pulsed mode between the two energies. This analysis confirms the violation of KNO scaling in full phase space found by the UA5 group at an energy of 546 GeV, with similar measurements at 200 and 900 GeV.
ZEUS photoproduction of jets from proton--positron collisions at beam energies of 820~GeV on 27.5~GeV. Photoproduction can either be direct, in which case the photon interacts directly with the parton, or resolved, in which case the photon acts as a source of quarks and gluons. A photon-proton centre of mass energy of between 134~GeV and 227~GeV is probed, with values of x_P, the fractional momentum of the partons inside the proton, predominantly in the region between 0.01 and 0.1. The fractional momentum of the partons from the photon, x\gamma, is in the region 0.1 to 1. Jets are reconstructed in the range -1 < |\eta| < 2.4 using the k_\perp algorithm with an R parameter of 1.0. The minimum pT of the leading jet should be greater than 14~GeV, and at least one other jet must have pT > 11~GeV.