CMS-PAS-SUS-23-007

CMS-PAS-SUS-23-007
Search for an explanation to the muon anomalous magnetic moment through the non-resonant production of two additional Higgs bosons
CMS Collaboration
4 December 2023

Abstract: A search is presented for the production of two additional Higgs bosons from an off-shell Z boson, where both additional particles decay to $ \tau $ lepton pairs. This is performed with a data sample collected with the CMS detector from proton-proton collisions at the LHC at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $. This is motivated by the Type X ("lepton-specific") two Higgs doublet model which could explain the tension between the experimental and theoretical values of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. No deviation away from the standard model background is observed. Exclusion contours are placed on the Type X two Higgs doublet model alignment scenario, and the model as an explanation for the muon anomalous magnetic moment measurements is ruled out.
Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ;

Figures	Summary	References	CMS Publications

Figures
png pdf	Figure 1: Feynman diagram for the production of two additional neutral Higgs bosons from an off-shell Z boson and their decay to $ \tau $ leptons.
png pdf	Figure 2: Distributions of the discriminating variable $ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{tot}} $ after a background-only fit to the data. The $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channel (left) and the $ \mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $, $ \mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ and $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channels, as well $ \mathrm{e}\mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ SS, $ \mu\mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ SS, $ \mathrm{e}\mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ SS and $ \mathrm{e}\mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ OS leptons categories are shown (right). The background uncertainty represents the combined statistical and systematical uncertainties. An example signal with mass hypotheses $ m_{\phi} = $ 200 GeV and $ m_{\mathrm{A}} = $ 160 GeV scaled to 0.01 pb is shown as a blue line for illustrative purposes.
png pdf	Figure 2-a: Distributions of the discriminating variable $ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{tot}} $ after a background-only fit to the data. The $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channel (left) and the $ \mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $, $ \mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ and $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channels, as well $ \mathrm{e}\mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ SS, $ \mu\mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ SS, $ \mathrm{e}\mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ SS and $ \mathrm{e}\mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ OS leptons categories are shown (right). The background uncertainty represents the combined statistical and systematical uncertainties. An example signal with mass hypotheses $ m_{\phi} = $ 200 GeV and $ m_{\mathrm{A}} = $ 160 GeV scaled to 0.01 pb is shown as a blue line for illustrative purposes.
png pdf	Figure 2-b: Distributions of the discriminating variable $ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{tot}} $ after a background-only fit to the data. The $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channel (left) and the $ \mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $, $ \mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ and $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channels, as well $ \mathrm{e}\mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ SS, $ \mu\mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ SS, $ \mathrm{e}\mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ SS and $ \mathrm{e}\mu\tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ OS leptons categories are shown (right). The background uncertainty represents the combined statistical and systematical uncertainties. An example signal with mass hypotheses $ m_{\phi} = $ 200 GeV and $ m_{\mathrm{A}} = $ 160 GeV scaled to 0.01 pb is shown as a blue line for illustrative purposes.
png pdf	Figure 3: Observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section and branching fractions for the decay into $ \tau $ leptons for the production of two additional Higgs bosons produced via an off-shell Z boson.
png pdf	Figure 4: Observed and expected 95% CL exclusion contours on the Type X 2HDM alignment scenario for $ m_{\phi} $ hypotheses of 100 (left) and 200 (right) GeV. The y-axis scales logarithmically below 100 and linearly above 100. The dashed line represents the expected median, the dark and bright grey bands correspond to the central 68% and 95% expected intervals and the blue area highlights the parameter space that has been observed to be excluded. Constraints from previous searches, obtained by HIGGSTOOLS-1 [54], are shown in red. The allowed regions for an explanation of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, as detailed in Ref. [9], are shown in green.
png pdf	Figure 4-a: Observed and expected 95% CL exclusion contours on the Type X 2HDM alignment scenario for $ m_{\phi} $ hypotheses of 100 (left) and 200 (right) GeV. The y-axis scales logarithmically below 100 and linearly above 100. The dashed line represents the expected median, the dark and bright grey bands correspond to the central 68% and 95% expected intervals and the blue area highlights the parameter space that has been observed to be excluded. Constraints from previous searches, obtained by HIGGSTOOLS-1 [54], are shown in red. The allowed regions for an explanation of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, as detailed in Ref. [9], are shown in green.
png pdf	Figure 4-b: Observed and expected 95% CL exclusion contours on the Type X 2HDM alignment scenario for $ m_{\phi} $ hypotheses of 100 (left) and 200 (right) GeV. The y-axis scales logarithmically below 100 and linearly above 100. The dashed line represents the expected median, the dark and bright grey bands correspond to the central 68% and 95% expected intervals and the blue area highlights the parameter space that has been observed to be excluded. Constraints from previous searches, obtained by HIGGSTOOLS-1 [54], are shown in red. The allowed regions for an explanation of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, as detailed in Ref. [9], are shown in green.

Summary

A search has been presented for additional Higgs bosons produced via off-shell Z bosons, that decay into $ \tau $ leptons in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, using a data sample collected with the CMS detector at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV. A good agreement between the background-only fit and the data is observed. Upper limits on the production cross sections multiplied by branching fractions range from 1.4 fb at $ m_{\mathrm{A}} = $ 160 GeV and $ m_{\phi} = $ 300 GeV to 20 fb at $ m_{\mathrm{A}} = $ 60 GeV and $ m_{\phi} = $ 100 GeV. The data, combined with the constraints from previous searches, exclude the majority of the Type X 2HDM phase space within this mass range. These limits rule out this model as an explanation for the muon anomalous magnetic moment, as described in Ref. [9]. Therefore, the deviation found in Refs. [1,2,3] likely originates from an alternative source.

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