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| CMS-PAS-HIN-21-008 | ||
| Measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy of charmonia in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}= $ 5.02 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| April 2022 | ||
| Abstract: The second-order ($v_{2}$) and third-order ($v_{3}$) Fourier coefficients describing the azimuthal anisotropy of prompt and nonprompt J/$\psi$ and prompt $\psi$(2S) mesons are measured in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}= $ 5.02 TeV. The analysis uses a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.6 nb$^{-1}$ recorded with the CMS detector in 2018. J/$\psi$ and $\psi$(2S) mesons are reconstructed using their dimuon decay channel. The $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ values are extracted using the scalar product method and studied as functions of meson transverse momentum and PbPb collision centrality. The measured $v_{2}$ values for the prompt J/$\psi$ mesons are larger than of those of nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons. The study of azimuthal anisotropy for prompt $\psi$(2S) mesons is reported for the first time, showing $v_{2}$ larger than that of J/$\psi$ mesons. | ||
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These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, Submitted to JHEP. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures & Tables | Summary | Additional Figures | References | CMS Publications |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Invariant mass (left) and $\ell _{\mathrm{J}/\psi}$ (right) distributions for the bin of 3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 4.5 GeV/$c$ and 0 $ < v_{2} < $ 0.3 in centrality 10-60%. The solid lines represent the total fit while the dashed and dashed-dotted lines represent the prompt and nonprompt components, respectively. The background dimuons are described by the shaded boxes. |
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Figure 1-a:
Invariant mass (left) and $\ell _{\mathrm{J}/\psi}$ (right) distributions for the bin of 3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 4.5 GeV/$c$ and 0 $ < v_{2} < $ 0.3 in centrality 10-60%. The solid lines represent the total fit while the dashed and dashed-dotted lines represent the prompt and nonprompt components, respectively. The background dimuons are described by the shaded boxes. |
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Figure 1-b:
Invariant mass (left) and $\ell _{\mathrm{J}/\psi}$ (right) distributions for the bin of 3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 4.5 GeV/$c$ and 0 $ < v_{2} < $ 0.3 in centrality 10-60%. The solid lines represent the total fit while the dashed and dashed-dotted lines represent the prompt and nonprompt components, respectively. The background dimuons are described by the shaded boxes. |
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Figure 2:
Simultaneous fits of the dimuon invariant mass spectrum and the ${v_{2}} ^{S+B}$ (left) and $ {v_{3}} ^{S+B}$ (right) distributions for $\psi$(2S), as defined in Equation 4 for 6.5 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 10 GeV/$c$ and centrality 10-60%. In the top panel, the solid (signal + background) and dashed (background only) blue lines show the result of the mass fit. In the bottom panel, the vertical lines of the $v^{s}_{n}$ points represent the statistical uncertainty. The solid ($v_{n}$ signal) and dashed ($v_{n}$ background) lines indicate the corresponding fit to the $v_{n}$ distributions. |
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Figure 2-a:
Simultaneous fits of the dimuon invariant mass spectrum and the ${v_{2}} ^{S+B}$ (left) and $ {v_{3}} ^{S+B}$ (right) distributions for $\psi$(2S), as defined in Equation 4 for 6.5 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 10 GeV/$c$ and centrality 10-60%. In the top panel, the solid (signal + background) and dashed (background only) blue lines show the result of the mass fit. In the bottom panel, the vertical lines of the $v^{s}_{n}$ points represent the statistical uncertainty. The solid ($v_{n}$ signal) and dashed ($v_{n}$ background) lines indicate the corresponding fit to the $v_{n}$ distributions. |
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Figure 2-b:
Simultaneous fits of the dimuon invariant mass spectrum and the ${v_{2}} ^{S+B}$ (left) and $ {v_{3}} ^{S+B}$ (right) distributions for $\psi$(2S), as defined in Equation 4 for 6.5 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 10 GeV/$c$ and centrality 10-60%. In the top panel, the solid (signal + background) and dashed (background only) blue lines show the result of the mass fit. In the bottom panel, the vertical lines of the $v^{s}_{n}$ points represent the statistical uncertainty. The solid ($v_{n}$ signal) and dashed ($v_{n}$ background) lines indicate the corresponding fit to the $v_{n}$ distributions. |
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Figure 3:
$v_{2}$ (top) and $v_{3}$ (bottom) values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (left panel) and collision centrality (right panel) for prompt and nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons. The results for ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ 3-6.5 and 6.5-50 GeV/$c$ are studied in the rapidity range of 1.6 $ < {| y |} < $ 2.4 and $ {| y |} < $ 2.4, respectively (left panel). The ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ range for the right panel is ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ 6.5-50 GeV/$c$ and rapidity of $ {| y |} < $ 2.4. The vertical bars denote the statistical uncertainties, and the rectangular bands show the systematic uncertainties. |
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Figure 4:
$v_{2}$ (top) and $v_{3}$ (bottom) values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (left panel) and $N_{part}$ (right panel) for prompt $\psi$(2S) mesons. The results for ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ 4-6.5 and 6.5-50 GeV/$c$ are studied in the rapidity range of 1.6 $ < {| y |} < $ 2.4 and $ {| y |} < $ 2.4, respectively (left panel). The ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ range for the right panel is ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ 6.5-50 GeV/$c$ and rapidity of $ {| y |} < $ 2.4. The vertical bars denote the statistical uncertainties, and the rectangular bands show the systematic uncertainties. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of dominant systematic uncertainties |
| Summary |
| The second-order ($v_{2}$) and third-order ($v_{3}$) Fourier coefficients of the azimuthal distributions for prompt and nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons and prompt $\psi$(2S) mesons are measured in PbPb collisions as functions of ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ and PbPb collision centrality. The $v_{2}$ values for prompt and nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons both indicate a decreasing trend from mid-central towards central collision events. On the other hand, the $v_{2}$ is found to be flat for ${p_{\mathrm{T}}} > $ 9 GeV/$c$ for prompt J/$\psi$ mesons while the dependence on ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ is found to be weak for nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons. The prompt J/$\psi$ $v_{2}$ values are found to be larger than that of nonprompt J/$\psi$ throughout studied kinematic region, suggesting different in-medium effects for charm and beauty quarks. The observation of sizable and flattened $v_{2}$ values at high-${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ for prompt J/$\psi$ mesons provides a hint of the contribution of jet quenching for prompt J/$\psi$ suppression. The $v_{3}$ values of prompt and nonprompt J/$\psi$ are reported for the first time, where the results show consistency with zero in the measured ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ and centrality intervals. Also, the $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ values for prompt $\psi$(2S) mesons are measured for the first time. The results show larger $v_{2}$ values than J/$\psi$ mesons in mid-${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ region, indicating different degrees of recombination contribution for J/$\psi$ and $\psi$(2S) mesons. The measured $v_{3}$ values for both J/$\psi$ and $\psi$(2S) are found to be consistent to zero within uncertainties in the overall kinematic range. These measurements provide a new insight in the understanding of the dynamics and in-medium effects of charmonia in heavy ion collisions. |
| Additional Figures | |
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Additional Figure 1:
$v_{2}$ values for the prompt J/$\psi$ mesons as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range measured at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV (blue circles) and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (black squares) [20]. Both results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 (open markers) and $|y| < $ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 2:
$v_{2}$ values for the nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range measured at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV (red diamonds) and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (black squares) [20]. Both results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 (open markers) and $|y| < $ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 3:
$v_{2}$ values for the prompt J/$\psi$ mesons measured with CMS (blue circles) and ATLAS (green squares) [19], and inclusive J/$\psi$ mesons with ALICE (pink crosses) [21] as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. CMS results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 (open markers) and $|y| < $ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 4:
$v_{2}$ values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ measured for nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons with CMS (red diamonds) and ATLAS (green squares) [19], and for bottom hadron decay muons (blue crosses) with ATLAS [43] at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. CMS results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 (open markers) and $|y| < $ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 5:
$v_{3}$ values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ measured for prompt J/$\psi$ mesons (blue circles) and prompt D$^{0}$ mesons (green squares) [40] with CMS, for inclusive J/$\psi$ mesons with ALICE (pink crosses) [21], and for charm hadron decay muons with ATLAS (brown triangles) [43] at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. CMS results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 (open markers) and $|y| < $ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 6:
$v_{3}$ values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ measured for nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons (red diamonds) and nonprompt D$^{0}$ mesons (green squares) [44] with CMS, and for bottom hadron decay muons with ATLAS (brown triangles) [43] at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. CMS results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 (open markers) and $|y| < $ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 7:
$v_{2}$ values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range for prompt J/$\psi$ mesons (blue circles), nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons (red diamonds), prompt D$^{0}$ mesons (green squares) [40], nonprompt D$^{0}$ mesons (brown stars) [44], $\Upsilon$(1S) mesons (purple crosses) [23], and charged hadrons (gray band) [45] measured with CMS at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. J/$\psi$ results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 (open markers) and $|y| < $ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 8:
$v_{2}$ values for the prompt J/$\psi$ mesons (blue circles), nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons (red diamonds) and prompt $\psi$(2S) mesons (green squares) as a function of $\langle N_{\mathrm {part}} \rangle $ for 6.5 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 50 GeV/$c$. The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 9:
$v_{2}$ values for the prompt J/$\psi$ mesons (blue circles), nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons (red diamonds) and prompt $\psi$(2S) (green squares) as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range. All three results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 (open markers) and $|y| < $ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 10:
$v_{3}$ values for the prompt J/$\psi$ mesons (blue circles), nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons (red diamonds) and prompt $\psi$(2S) mesons (green squares) as a function of $N_{\mathrm {part}}$ for 6.5 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 50 GeV/$c$. The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 11:
$v_{3}$ values for the prompt J/$\psi$ mesons (blue circles), nonprompt J/$\psi$ mesons (red diamonds) and prompt $\psi$(2S) mesons (green squares) as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range. All three results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 (open markers) and $|y| < $ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 12:
$v_{2}$ (top) and $v_{3}$ (bottom) values of prompt J/$\psi$ mesons (blue circles) and prompt $\psi$(2S) mesons (green squares) as functions of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (left) and $\langle N_{\mathrm {part}} \rangle $. Both results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 (open markers) and $|y| < $ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 13:
The $ v_{2} $ values of J/$ \psi $ mesons (blue circles) as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ in the 10-60% centrality range compared with a theoretical calculation using leading power NRQCD and LBT model [46] (green dashed line). The results for 3 $ < p_{\mathrm{T}} < $ 6.5 and 6.5 $ < p_{\mathrm{T}} < $ 50 GeVc are studied in the rapidity range of 1.6 $ < |y| < $ 2.4 and $ |y| < $ 2.4, respectively. The vertical bars denote the statistical uncertainties, and the rectangular bands show the systematic uncertainties. |
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Compact Muon Solenoid LHC, CERN |
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