Nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$ as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ for prompt (upper) $ D ^+_ s $ and (lower) $ D ^+$ mesons. Forward rapidity results are shown on the left and backward rapidity on the right. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainties and the boxes show the systematic uncertainties. The theoretical calculations are also shown \cite{Eskola:2016oht, Kovarik:2015cma, Ducloue:2015gfa, Ducloue:2016ywt, Ma:2018bax}.

Forward-backward cross-section ratio $R_{\mathrm{FB}}$ for prompt (upper) $ D ^+_ s $ and (lower) $ D ^+$ mesons as a function of (left) $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and (right) $y^{*}$. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainties and the boxes show the systematic uncertainties. The coloured bands represent the theoretical calculations, incorporating nPDFs EPPS16 (gray) \cite{Eskola:2016oht} and nCTEQ15 (cyan) \cite{Kovarik:2015cma}.

Cross-section ratio $\sigma_{ D ^+_ s }/\sigma_{ D ^+ }$ versus the normalised event multiplicity in different $D_{(s)}^+$ $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ ranges for (top) forward and (bottom) backward rapidities. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainties and the boxes show the systematic uncertainties.

Distribution of the number of charged tracks used to reconstruct the PV for $D_{(s)}^+$ signal and minimum-bias events in (left) forward and (right) backward configurations, each with only one primary vertex. The vertical scale is arbitrary.

Distributions of (left) $M(KK\pi)$ and (right) $\log_{10}(\chi^2_{\text{IP}} )$ for inclusive $ D ^+_ s $ mesons in the forward data sample in the interval of $2.0 < p_{\mathrm{T}} < 4.0 \text{ Ge V /}c $, $2.3 < y^{*} < 2.8$ and $100 < N^{\text{PV}}_{\text{Tracks}} < 120$. The fit results are overlaid. For the $\log_{10}(\chi^2_{\text{IP}} )$ fit, the data are weighted using the sPlot method to subtract the background component.

Distributions of (left) $M(KK\pi)$ and (right) $\log_{10}(\chi^2_{\text{IP}} )$ for inclusive $ D ^+_ s $ mesons in the backward data sample in the interval of $2.0< p_{\mathrm{T}} <4.0\text{ Ge V /}c $, $-3.8< y^{*} <-3.3$ and $100< N^{\text{PV}}_{\text{Tracks}} <120$. The fit results are overlaid. For the $\log_{10}(\chi^2_{\text{IP}} )$ fit, the data are weighted using the sPlot method to subtract the background component.

Distributions of (left) $M(K\pi\pi)$ and (right) $\log_{10}(\chi^2_{\text{IP}} )$ for inclusive $ D ^+$ mesons in the forward data sample in the interval of $2.0 < p_{\mathrm{T}} < 4.0 \text{ Ge V /}c $, $2.3 < y^{*} < 2.8$ and $100 < N^{\text{PV}}_{\text{Tracks}} < 120$. The fit results are overlaid. For the $\log_{10}(\chi^2_{\text{IP}} )$ fit, the data are weighted using the sPlot method to subtract the background component.

Distributions of (left) $M(K\pi\pi)$ and (right) $\log_{10}(\chi^2_{\text{IP}} )$ for inclusive $ D ^+$ mesons in the backward data sample in the interval of $2.0< p_{\mathrm{T}} < 4.0\text{ Ge V /}c $, $-3.8< y^{*}< -3.3$ and $100< N^{\text{PV}}_{\text{Tracks}} <120$. The fit results are overlaid. For the $\log_{10}(\chi^2_{\text{IP}} )$ fit, the data are weighted using the sPlot method to subtract the background component.

Double-differential cross-section of prompt $ D ^+_ s $ production in $p$Pb collisions at (left) forward and (right) backward rapidities. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainties and the boxes show the systematic uncertainties.

Double-differential cross-section of prompt $ D ^+ $ production in $p$Pb collisions at (left) forward and (right) backward rapidities. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainties and the boxes show the systematic uncertainties.

Differential cross-section of prompt $ D ^+_ s $ production in $p$Pb collisions as a function of (left) $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and (right) $y^{*}$. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainties and the boxes show the systematic uncertainties.

Differential cross-section of prompt $ D ^+ $ production in $p$Pb collisions as a function of (left) $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and (right) $y^{*}$. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainties and the boxes show the systematic uncertainties.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$ for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ production as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ in different $y^{*}$ intervals. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainties and the boxes show the systematic uncertainties. The coloured bands represent the theoretical calculations using the HELAC-Onia generator \cite{Shao:2012iz,Shao:2015vga}, incorporating nPDFs EPPS16 (grey) \cite{Eskola:2016oht} and nCTEQ15 (blue) \cite{Kovarik:2015cma}.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$ for prompt $ D ^+$ production as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ in different $y^{*}$ intervals. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainties and the boxes show the systematic uncertainties. The coloured bands represent the theoretical calculations using the HELAC-Onia generator \cite{Shao:2012iz,Shao:2015vga}, incorporating nPDFs EPPS16 (grey) \cite{Eskola:2016oht} and nCTEQ15 (blue) \cite{Kovarik:2015cma}. The coloured line represent the CGC2 (red) calculations \cite{Ma:2018bax}.

Nuclear modification factor as a function of $y^*$ for prompt $ D ^+$ and $ D ^+_ s $ mesons integrated over $1 < p_{\mathrm{T}} < 10$ $\text{ Ge V /}c$ . The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainties and the boxes show the systematic uncertainties. The LHCb $ D ^0$ results at $\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle\text{NN}}}$ = 8.16 TeV \cite{LHCb:2022dmh} and theoretical calculations at $\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle\text{NN}}}$ = 8.16 TeV are also shown \cite{Eskola:2016oht, Kovarik:2015cma, Ducloue:2015gfa, Ducloue:2016ywt, Ma:2018bax}.

The production cross-section ratio $\sigma_{ D ^+_ s }/\sigma_{ D ^+ }$ as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and $y^{*}$ in $p$Pb collisions. The error bars show the statistical uncertainty, the red boxes the uncorrelated systematic uncertainty and the blue boxes the correlated systematic uncertainty. The coloured bands correspond to the theoretical calculations, incorporating nPDFs EPPS16 (gray) \cite{Eskola:2016oht} and nCTEQ15 (cyan) \cite{Kovarik:2015cma}.

The production cross-section ratio, $\sigma_{ D ^+_ s }/\sigma_{ D ^+ }$, versus normalized event multiplicity in different $D$-meson $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ (2-6 $\text{ Ge V /}c$ ) and $y^{*}$ ranges for the (six upper plots) forward and (six lower plots) backward rapidities. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainty, the boxes the systematic.

The production cross-section ratio, $\sigma_{ D ^+_ s }/\sigma_{ D ^+ }$, versus normalized event multiplicity in different $D$-meson $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ (6-12 $\text{ Ge V /}c$ ) and $y^{*}$ ranges for the (six upper plots) forward and (six lower plots) backward rapidities. The vertical error bars show the statistical uncertainty, the boxes the systematic.

Animated gif made out of all figures.

Systematic uncertainties on the measured double-differential cross-section. Each range indicates the minimum and the maximum value across all kinematic intervals. The uncertainties due to the mass and $\text{log}_{10}(\chi^2_{\text{IP}} )$ fits are uncorrelated across the intervals. The other sources of uncertainty are 100% correlated between the different intervals.

Double-differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ production as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and $y^{*}$ in $p$Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidities. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third the correlated systematic component.

Double-differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+$ production as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and $y^{*}$ in $p$Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidities. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third the correlated systematic component.

Differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ production as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ in $p$Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidities. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third the correlated systematic component.

Differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+$ production as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ in $p$Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidities. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third the correlated systematic component.

Differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ production as a function of $y^{*}$ in $p$Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidities. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third the correlated systematic component.

Differential cross-section for prompt $ D ^+$ production as a function of $y^{*}$ in $p$Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidities. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third the correlated systematic component.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$ for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ production as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ at forward (integrated over the common rapidity region of $2.0 < y^{*} < 4.0$) and backward (integrated over the common rapidity region of $-4.5 < y^{*} < -2.5$) rapidity. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$ for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ production as a function of $y^{*}$, integrated over $1 < p_{\mathrm{T}} < 10$ $\text{ Ge V /}c$ . The first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$ for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ production as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and $y^{*}$. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$ for prompt $ D ^+$ production as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ at forward (integrated over the common rapidity region of $2.0 < y^{*} < 4.0$) and backward (integrated over the common rapidity region of $-4.5 < y^{*} < -2.5$) rapidity. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$ for prompt $ D ^+$ production as a function of $y^{*}$, integrated over $1 < p_{\mathrm{T}} < 10$ $\text{ Ge V /}c$ . The first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic.

Nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$ for prompt $ D ^+$ production as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and $y^{*}$. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic.

Forward and backward production ratio $R_{\mathrm{FB}}$ for prompt $ D ^+_ s $ mesons as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and $y^{*}$. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic.

Forward and backward production ratio $R_{\mathrm{FB}}$ for prompt $ D ^+$ mesons as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and $y^{*}$. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic.

The production cross-section ratio $\sigma_{ D ^+_ s }/\sigma_{ D ^+ }$ as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and $y^{*}$ in $p$Pb collisions at (upper) forward and (lower) backward rapidities. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third the correlated systematic component.

The production cross-section ratio $\sigma_{ D ^+_ s }/\sigma_{ D ^+ }$ as a function of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ , $y^{*}$ and $N^{\text{PV}}_{\text{Tracks}}$ in $p$Pb collisions at (upper) forward and (lower) backward rapidities. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second the component of the systematic uncertainty that is uncorrelated between bins and the third the correlated systematic component.

Supplementary material full pdf

This ZIP file contains supplemetary material for the publication LHCb-PAPER-2023-021. The files are: Supplementary.pdf : An overview of the extra figures and tables *.pdf, *.png, *.eps *.C : The figures in variuous formats *.tex : The tables