List of Figures

1. Local Reference System
2. Global Reference System
3. Reference System for Straight Beam Elements
4. Reference System for a Rectangular Bending Magnet
5. Reference System for a Sector Bending Magnet
6. Reference System for a Rotation Around the s-Axis
7. Reference System for a Rotation Around the y-Axis
8. Separation of two beams
9. Schematic view of the Interaction between Objects in MAD
10. Example of Misplacement in the $(x, s)$-plane.
11. Example of Misplacement in the $(y, s)$-plane.
12. Example of Misplacement in the $(x, y)$-plane.
13. Example of Read Errors in a monitor.