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| CMS-PAS-HIG-18-031 | ||
| Search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying to charm quarks | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| July 2019 | ||
| Abstract: A direct search for the standard model Higgs boson H produced in association with a W or Z boson and decaying to a charm quark pair is presented. The search uses a dataset of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The search is carried out in mutually exclusive categories defined by the lepton multiplicity of the vector boson decays: $\text{W}\rightarrow\ell\nu$, $\text{Z}\rightarrow \ell\ell$, and $\text{Z}\rightarrow \nu\nu$, where $\ell$ is an electron or a muon. To fully exploit the topology of the H decay, two strategies are followed. In one, the H candidate is reconstructed via two resolved jets arising from the two charm quarks from the H decay. This strategy mainly targets events with lower vector boson transverse momentum. A second strategy identifies the case where the two charm quarks from the H decay merge to form a single jet, which generally only occurs when the vector boson has higher transverse momentum. Both strategies make use of novel methods for charm jet identification, while jet substructure techniques are also exploited to suppress the background for the merged-jet topology. The two analyses are combined to yield an observed (expected) upper limit on the ${\sigma\left(\text{VH}\right) \times \mathcal{BR}\left(\text{H} \rightarrow \text{c}\bar{\text{c}} \right)} / {\sigma_{SM}\left(\text{VH}\right) \times \mathcal{BR}_{SM}\left(\text{H} \rightarrow \text{c}\bar{\text{c}} \right)} $ of 70 (37$^{+16}_{-10}$) at 95% confidence level. | ||
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Links:
CDS record (PDF) ;
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These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, JHEP 03 (2020) 131. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures & Tables | Summary | Additional Figures | References | CMS Publications |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Left: Efficiency to tag a c jet as a function of the b jet and light jet mistag rate. The corresponding working point adopted in the resolved-jet topology analysis to select the leading CvsL jets is shown with a white cross. Right: Curves showing separately the tagging efficiency and the corresponding b jet and light jet mistag rate. Jets with $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 20 GeV and clusterised with AK4 algorithm have been considered from simulated ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $+jets sample before the application of any data-to-simulation reshaping. |
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Figure 1-a:
Efficiency to tag a c jet as a function of the b jet and light jet mistag rate. The corresponding working point adopted in the resolved-jet topology analysis to select the leading CvsL jets is shown with a white cross. |
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Figure 1-b:
Curves showing separately the tagging efficiency and the corresponding b jet and light jet mistag rate. Jets with $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 20 GeV and clusterised with AK4 algorithm have been considered from simulated ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $+jets sample before the application of any data-to-simulation reshaping. |
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Figure 2:
Post-fit $\textit {CvsB}_{\text {min}}$ distribution in the CC and HF control regions for the 2L (${\mathrm{Z} (\mu \mu)}$) low-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$, 2L (${\mathrm{Z} (ee)}$) high-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$, 1L (${\mathrm{W} (\mu \nu)}$) and 0L channels. |
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Figure 2-a:
Post-fit $\textit {CvsB}_{\text {min}}$ distribution in the CC control region for the 2L (${\mathrm{Z} (\mu \mu)}$) low-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$ channel. |
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Figure 2-b:
Post-fit $\textit {CvsB}_{\text {min}}$ distribution in the HF control region for the 2L (${\mathrm{Z} (\mu \mu)}$) low-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$ channel. |
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Figure 2-c:
Post-fit $\textit {CvsB}_{\text {min}}$ distribution in the CC control region for the 2L (${\mathrm{Z} (ee)}$) high-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$ channel. |
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Figure 2-d:
Post-fit $\textit {CvsB}_{\text {min}}$ distribution in the HF control region for the 2L (${\mathrm{Z} (ee)}$) high-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$ channel. |
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Figure 2-e:
Post-fit $\textit {CvsB}_{\text {min}}$ distribution in the CC control region for the 1L (${\mathrm{W} (\mu \nu)}$) channel. |
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Figure 2-f:
Post-fit $\textit {CvsB}_{\text {min}}$ distribution in the HF control region for the 1L (${\mathrm{W} (\mu \nu)}$) channel. |
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Figure 2-g:
Post-fit $\textit {CvsB}_{\text {min}}$ distribution in the CC control region for the 0L channel. |
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Figure 2-h:
Post-fit $\textit {CvsB}_{\text {min}}$ distribution in the HF control region for the 0L channel. |
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Figure 3:
The performance of the $\mathrm{c} {}\mathrm{\bar{c}} $ discriminant to identify a $\mathrm{c} {}\mathrm{\bar{c}} $ pair in terms of receiver operating characteristic curves, for large-$R$ jets with $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 200 GeV. Left: the efficiency to correctly identify a pair of c quarks from Higgs decay ("signal'') vs. the efficiency of misidentifying jets from the V+jets process ("background''); right: the efficiency to correctly identify a pair of c quarks from Higgs decay ("signal'') vs. the efficiency of misidentifying a pair of b quarks from Higgs decay ("background''). |
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Figure 3-a:
The performance of the $\mathrm{c} {}\mathrm{\bar{c}} $ discriminant to identify a $\mathrm{c} {}\mathrm{\bar{c}} $ pair in terms of receiver operating characteristic curves, for large-$R$ jets with $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 200 GeV. The efficiency to correctly identify a pair of c quarks from Higgs decay ("signal'') vs. the efficiency of misidentifying jets from the V+jets process ("background''). |
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Figure 3-b:
The performance of the $\mathrm{c} {}\mathrm{\bar{c}} $ discriminant to identify a $\mathrm{c} {}\mathrm{\bar{c}} $ pair in terms of receiver operating characteristic curves, for large-$R$ jets with $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 200 GeV. The efficiency to correctly identify a pair of c quarks from Higgs decay ("signal'') vs. the efficiency of misidentifying a pair of b quarks from Higgs decay ("background''). |
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Figure 4:
The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ signal and the background distributions of the kinematic BDT output (left), and the $\mathrm{c} {}\mathrm{\bar{c}} $ discriminant in events with BDT values greater than 0.5 (right), in the 0L (upper), 1L (middle) and 2L (lower) channels. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)}$ signal is normalised to the sum of all backgrounds. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{b} \mathrm{\bar{b}})} $ contribution, normalised to the sum of all backgrounds, is also shown. |
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Figure 4-a:
The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ signal and the background distributions of the kinematic BDT output, in the 0L channel. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)}$ signal is normalised to the sum of all backgrounds. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{b} \mathrm{\bar{b}})} $ contribution, normalised to the sum of all backgrounds, is also shown. |
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Figure 4-b:
The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ signal and the background distributions of the $\mathrm{c} {}\mathrm{\bar{c}} $ discriminant in events with BDT values greater than 0.5, in the 0L channel. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)}$ signal is normalised to the sum of all backgrounds. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{b} \mathrm{\bar{b}})} $ contribution, normalised to the sum of all backgrounds, is also shown. |
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Figure 4-c:
The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ signal and the background distributions of the kinematic BDT output, in the 1L channel. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)}$ signal is normalised to the sum of all backgrounds. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{b} \mathrm{\bar{b}})} $ contribution, normalised to the sum of all backgrounds, is also shown. |
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Figure 4-d:
The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ signal and the background distributions of the $\mathrm{c} {}\mathrm{\bar{c}} $ discriminant in events with BDT values greater than 0.5, in the 1L channel. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)}$ signal is normalised to the sum of all backgrounds. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{b} \mathrm{\bar{b}})} $ contribution, normalised to the sum of all backgrounds, is also shown. |
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Figure 4-e:
The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ signal and the background distributions of the kinematic BDT output, in the 2L channel. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)}$ signal is normalised to the sum of all backgrounds. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{b} \mathrm{\bar{b}})} $ contribution, normalised to the sum of all backgrounds, is also shown. |
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Figure 4-f:
The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ signal and the background distributions of the $\mathrm{c} {}\mathrm{\bar{c}} $ discriminant in events with BDT values greater than 0.5, in the 2L channel. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)}$ signal is normalised to the sum of all backgrounds. The ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{b} \mathrm{\bar{b}})} $ contribution, normalised to the sum of all backgrounds, is also shown. |
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Figure 5:
Post-fit distributions of the BDT score in the signal region of the 2L Low-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$, 2L High-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$, 1L and 0L channels. |
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Figure 5-a:
Post-fit distributions of the BDT score in the signal region of the 2L (ee) Low-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$ channel. |
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Figure 5-b:
Post-fit distributions of the BDT score in the signal region of the 2L ($\mu\mu$) Low-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$ channel. |
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Figure 5-c:
Post-fit distributions of the BDT score in the signal region of the 2L (ee) High-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$ channel. |
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Figure 5-d:
Post-fit distributions of the BDT score in the signal region of the 2L ($\mu\mu$) High-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$ channel. |
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Figure 5-e:
Post-fit distributions of the BDT score in the signal region of the 1L (e) channel. |
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Figure 5-f:
Post-fit distributions of the BDT score in the signal region of the 1L ($\mu$) channel. |
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Figure 5-g:
Post-fit distributions of the BDT score in the signal region of the 0L channel. |
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Figure 6:
The ${m_{\text {SD}}}$ distribution of ${\mathrm{H} _{\text {cand}}}$ in data and simulation in the merged-jet analysis signal regions after the maximum likelihood fit, for events passing the high purity category of the merged-jet analysis. Upper row: 2L channel, muons (left) and electrons (right); middle row: 1L channel, muon (left) and electron (right); lower row: 0L channel. |
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Figure 6-a:
The ${m_{\text {SD}}}$ distribution of ${\mathrm{H} _{\text {cand}}}$ in data and simulation in the merged-jet analysis signal regions after the maximum likelihood fit, for events passing the high purity category of the merged-jet analysis : 2L channel, muons. |
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Figure 6-b:
The ${m_{\text {SD}}}$ distribution of ${\mathrm{H} _{\text {cand}}}$ in data and simulation in the merged-jet analysis signal regions after the maximum likelihood fit, for events passing the high purity category of the merged-jet analysis : 2L channel, electrons. |
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Figure 6-c:
The ${m_{\text {SD}}}$ distribution of ${\mathrm{H} _{\text {cand}}}$ in data and simulation in the merged-jet analysis signal regions after the maximum likelihood fit, for events passing the high purity category of the merged-jet analysis : 1L channel, muon. |
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Figure 6-d:
The ${m_{\text {SD}}}$ distribution of ${\mathrm{H} _{\text {cand}}}$ in data and simulation in the merged-jet analysis signal regions after the maximum likelihood fit, for events passing the high purity category of the merged-jet analysis : 1L channel, electron. |
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Figure 6-e:
The ${m_{\text {SD}}}$ distribution of ${\mathrm{H} _{\text {cand}}}$ in data and simulation in the merged-jet analysis signal regions after the maximum likelihood fit, for events passing the high purity category of the merged-jet analysis : 0L channel. |
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Figure 7:
Upper: 95% confidence level upper limits on $\mu $ for the ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ process from the combination of the resolved-jet and merged-jet analyses in the different channels (0L, 1L, and 2L) and combined. The inner (green) band and the outer (yellow) bands indicate the regions containing 68 and 95%, respectively, of the distribution of limits expected under the background-only hypothesis. Lower: The fitted signal strength $\mu $ for the ZH and WH processes, and in each individual channel (0L, 1L, and 2L). The vertical blue line corresponds to the best fit value of $\mu $ for the combination of all channels and the green band to the corresponding uncertainty on the measurement. |
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Figure 7-a:
95% confidence level upper limits on $\mu $ for the ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ process from the combination of the resolved-jet and merged-jet analyses in the different channels (0L, 1L, and 2L) and combined. The inner (green) band and the outer (yellow) bands indicate the regions containing 68 and 95%, respectively, of the distribution of limits expected under the background-only hypothesis. |
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Figure 7-b:
The fitted signal strength $\mu $ for the ZH and WH processes, and in each individual channel (0L, 1L, and 2L). The vertical blue line corresponds to the best fit value of $\mu $ for the combination of all channels and the green band to the corresponding uncertainty on the measurement. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Variables used in the training of the BDT used for each channel. The 2L case has separate training for the low- and high-${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})}$ categories but exploits the same input variables. |
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Table 2:
Variables used in the kinematic BDT training for each signal category. |
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Table 3:
Summary of the systematic uncertainties for each channel. The rate in the lepton efficiency is only used in the resolved-jet topology analysis. |
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Table 4:
Observed and expected UL at 95% CL on the signal strength $\mu $ for the ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ production for the resolved-jet and merged-jet analyses, which have a significant overlap. The results are also shown separately for each analysis channel. |
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Table 5:
95% CL upper limits for the ${{\mathrm {V}}\mathrm{H} \left (\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{c} \mathrm{\bar{c}} \right)} $ process, for the resolved-jet analysis for $ {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})} < $ 300 GeV, the merged-jet analysis for $ {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ({\mathrm {V}})} \geq $ 300 GeV, and their combination. |
| Summary |
| In this paper, we present the first search by the CMS Collaboration for the standard model (SM) Higgs boson H decaying to a pair of charm quarks, produced in association with a vector boson W or Z. The search uses 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the CMS experiment during 2016. The search is carried out in five modes ($ \mathrm{ Z(\mu\mu) H }$, $ \mathrm{ Z(ee) H }$, $ \mathrm{ Z(\nu\nu) H }$, $ \mathrm{ W(\mu\nu) H }$, $ \mathrm{ W(e\nu) H }$), with two complementary analyses targeting different regions of phase space. The signal is extracted by statistically combining the results of the two analyses. The details of each analysis are first validated by extracting diboson events in which a Z boson decays to a $\mathrm{c\bar{c}}$ pair. The fitted signal strength for the combination of the two analyses results in $\mu=\sigma/\sigma_\text{SM}=$ 0.55$^{+0.86}_{-0.84}$, with an observed (expected) significance of 0.65 (1.32) standard deviations. The observed (expected) 95% CL upper limit on $\mu$ for a SM Higgs boson decaying to a pair of $\mathrm{c\bar{c}}$ quarks is 75 (38$^{+16}_{-11}$) and 71 (49$^{+24}_{-15}$) for the resolved-jet and merged-jet analyses, respectively. The measured best fit value on $\mu$ for SM VH cc production for the combination of the two analyses is $\mu=\sigma/\sigma_\text{SM}= $ 41$^{+20}_{-20}$, compatible within two standard deviations with the SM prediction. The larger measured $\mu$ value is due to the small excess observed in data in the resolved analysis, with a significance of 2.1 standard deviations. The observed (expected) 95% CL upper limit on $\mu$ from the combination of the two analyses is 70 (37$^{+16}_{-11}$). This result is the most stringent direct limit on $\sigma\left(\text{pp}\rightarrow \mathrm{H} \right) \times \mathcal{BR}\left(\text{H} \rightarrow \text{c}\bar{\text{c}} \right)$ to-date. |
| Additional Figures | |
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Additional Figure 1:
Efficiency for both quarks from the Higgs decay to be contained in a single jet clustered with different $R$, $R = $ 0.8 (yellow) or $R = $ 1.5 (cyan), as a function of the $ p_{\mathrm{T}}\ $ of the Higgs boson. For comparison, we include the corresponding efficiency when the two quarks from the Higgs decay are resolved into two jets clustered with $ R = $ 0.4 (red) with $ p_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 25 GeV and $|\eta|<$ 2.4. |
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