TIMING 

&DRIFT: TIMING


electron

These are the electrons you wish to select for output. One can either specify these by a sequence number or with such keywords as LAST, ONE-BUT-LAST etc.

This should be approximately the threshold of the electronics, but since electronics usually doesn't trigger on a well defined electron, one can't obtain a too accurate resolution from this kind of instruction. If resolution estimates are required, one should compute signals and process these by an electronics simulation program.

[Default: only the 5th electron.]


TIME-WINDOW

Specifies the time window of all arrival time histograms, both of the selected electron and of all electrons. If you do not specify a time window, then all timing histograms are given a range automatically.

X-RANGE

The part of the AREA to be covered by the tracks.

Tracks are generated uniformly over this x-range. The WEIGHTING-FUNCTION can be used to assign probabilities to the various x values.

[Default: the entire x-range of the AREA.]


Y-RANGE

The vertical extent of the tracks. This parameter is less trivial than it might appear: if the range does not cover the full acceptance boundaries of the wire, the program will give wrong results for late electrons. If the range is chosen too small, the waste of CPU time is considerable and also the accuracy may suffer if the LINES parameter does not compensate.

[Default: the entire y-range of the AREA.]


ANGLE-RANGE

The range of angles of the tracks with respect to the vertical.

Tracks will be generated according to a uniform distribution over this angular range. The WEIGHTING-FUNCTION can be used to attribute a probability to each angle.

One may also enter a single angle if tracks are to be generated only at that angle.

[Default: only vertical tracks are generated.]


MONTE-CARLO-DRIFT

Specifying this option requests the use of Monte Carlo style drift-line integration in which diffusion is accounted for on a step by step basis.

Each electron of a cluster is in this case drifted separately.

When using this option, you have to be sure that the time or distance interval for Monte Carlo integration has been set to a reasonable value with INTEGRATION-PARAMETERS.

[Default: Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg integration is used.]


ATTACHMENT

Requests that attachment data is taken into account.

[Default: attachment data is not taken into account.]


WEIGHTING-FUNCTION

A function of X (x-coordinate of the track) and ANGLE (the inclination angle of the track in degrees) which is used to assign a probability to tracks with a given (x,angle) pair.

Tracks are generated uniformly within the X-RANGE and the ANGLE-RANGE.

[Default: a weight of 1 is assigned to each track.]


bins

The number of bins in the histograms used to compute the time at which the selected histogram has a given probability to have arrived - the mean arrival time is computed directly without histogram.

[Default: half of MXLIST, usually 100\ bins.]


KEEP-HISTOGRAMS

This option can be used to store the arrival time histograms for later study. The histograms are made accessible via global variable names that are displayed while the command is carried out (SELECTED and ALL).

You have to declare the Global variables before the loop if

Declaring is not required if the variables are only used outside the loop, in procedure Calls, in Say statements or for substitution in normal input statements.

[Default: histograms are not kept.]


loops

The number of Monte Carlo loops over track generation. These loops can consume considerable CPU time since the drift times, diffusion coefficients etc are computed for each drift-line individually (in contrast the ARRIVAL which uses interpolation).

[Default: 1000.]


plot_options

Garfield can be asked to output for each track the timing histograms for all (PLOT-OVERALL) and the selected electron (PLOT-SELECTED-ELECTRON). Both are by default not plotted.

print_options

The timing histograms for the selected electron and for all electrons are printed out at your request. In the printout, additional information such as the mean and width are provided. These quantities are computed from the entries themselves, not from the accumulated bin contents. The internal arithmetic is done in double precision.
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Formatted on 21/01/18 at 16:55.