CMS-PAS-B2G-18-006

CMS-PAS-B2G-18-006
Statistical combination of CMS searches for heavy resonances decaying to a pair of bosons or leptons at $\sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV
CMS Collaboration
March 2019

Abstract: The statistical combination of searches for heavy resonances decaying to a pair of bosons or leptons is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ collected in 2016 by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data are found to be consistent with background expectations. The exclusion limits set in the context of a spin-1 heavy vector triplet framework and spin-2 Bulk Graviton models are the most stringent to date presented by CMS. In a scenario with mass-degenerate W' and Z' resonances, heavy vector bosons with mass below 4.5 TeV are excluded at a 95% confidence level if the dominant couplings are to the standard model gauge bosons, and 5.0 TeV if the resonances couple predominantly to fermions.
Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ; These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, PLB 798 (2019) 134952. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here.

Figures & Tables	Summary	References	CMS Publications

Figures
png pdf	Figure 1: Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section and branching ratio of a spin-1 (left) or spin-2 resonance (right) decaying to a pair of bosons.
png pdf	Figure 1-a: Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section and branching ratio of a spin-1 resonance decaying to a pair of bosons.
png pdf	Figure 1-b: Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section and branching ratio of a spin-2 resonance decaying to a pair of bosons.
png pdf	Figure 2: Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the W' (left) and Z' cross section (right) as a function of the W' and Z' resonance mass. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation variations on the expected limits of the statistical combination of the considered VV and VH channels. The expected limit of the single channels is represented by the colored dashed lines. The solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the cross section predicted by the HVT models B and the relative uncertainties.
png pdf	Figure 2-a: Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the W' cross section as a function of the W' resonance mass. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation variations on the expected limits of the statistical combination of the considered VV and VH channels. The expected limit of the single channels is represented by the colored dashed lines. The solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the cross section predicted by the HVT models B and the relative uncertainties.
png pdf	Figure 2-b: Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the Z' cross section as a function of the Z' resonance mass. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation variations on the expected limits of the statistical combination of the considered VV and VH channels. The expected limit of the single channels is represented by the colored dashed lines. The solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the cross section predicted by the HVT models B and the relative uncertainties.
png pdf	Figure 3: Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on the cross section as a function of the HVT triplet mass, for the combination of all the considered channels, in the HVT model B (left) and model A (right). The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation variations on the expected limit. The solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the cross sections predicted by the HVT models A and B and the relative uncertainties.
png pdf	Figure 3-a: Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on the cross section as a function of the HVT triplet mass, for the combination of all the considered channels, in the HVT model B. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation variations on the expected limit. The solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the cross sections predicted by the HVT models A and B and the relative uncertainties.
png pdf	Figure 3-b: Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on the cross section as a function of the HVT triplet mass, for the combination of all the considered channels, in the HVT model A. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation variations on the expected limit. The solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the cross sections predicted by the HVT models A and B and the relative uncertainties.
png pdf	Figure 4: Observed exclusion limits in the HVT parameter plane $\left [ {g_\text {V}} {c_\text {H}}, \ g^2 {c_\text {F}} / {g_\text {V}} \right ]$ for three different resonance masses (3.0, 4.0, and 4.5 TeV) of the statistical combination (solid lines) of the dilepton (dotted lines) and diboson channels (dashed lines). The areas bounded by the thin gray contour lines correspond to the regions where the resonance natural width (${\Gamma _{{\mathrm {V'}}}}$) is predicted to be larger than the average experimental resolution (5%).
png pdf	Figure 5: Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on the cross section of the spin-2 Bulk Graviton as a function of its mass for the statistical combination of the WW, ZZ, and HH channels. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation variations on the expected limit. The solid curve and its shaded area represent the cross section derived with the parameter $ {\tilde{\kappa}} =$ 0.5 and the associated uncertainty.

Tables
png pdf	Table 1: Summary of the main selections that guarantee the orthogonality between analyses. The symbol $\ell $ represents an electron or a muon; $\tau $ leptons are considered separately. The AK4 b jets are additional b tagged AK4 jets that do not geometrically overlap with AK8 jets.

Summary

The statistical combination of searches for heavy resonances decaying into a pair of vector bosons, a vector boson and a Higgs boson, two Higgs bosons, or a pair of leptons, has been presented. The searches are performed on the data collected by the CMS experiment at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV during 2016, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. In models with warped extra dimensions, upper limits of up to 1.1 fb at 95% CL are set on the production cross section of the spin-2 bulk graviton. For models with a triplet of narrow spin-1 resonances, heavy vector bosons with masses lower than 5.0 and 4.5 TeV are excluded at 95% CL in benchmark scenarios A and B, respectively.

References
1	CMS Collaboration	Search for ZZ resonances in the 2$ \ell 2 \nu $ final state in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV	JHEP 03 (2018) 003	CMS-B2G-16-023 1711.04370
2	CMS Collaboration	Search for a massive resonance decaying to a pair of Higgs bosons in the four b quark final state in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV	PLB 781 (2018) 244--269	1710.04960
3	CMS Collaboration	Search for a heavy resonance decaying to a pair of vector bosons in the lepton plus merged jet final state at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV	JHEP 05 (2018) 088	CMS-B2G-16-029 1802.09407
4	CMS Collaboration	Search for massive resonances decaying into $ WW $, $ WZ $, $ ZZ $, $ qW $, and $ qZ $ with dijet final states at $ \sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV	PRD 97 (2018), no. 7, 072006	CMS-B2G-17-001 1708.05379
5	CMS Collaboration	Search for heavy resonances that decay into a vector boson and a Higgs boson in hadronic final states at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV	EPJC 77 (2017) 636	CMS-B2G-17-002 1707.01303
6	CMS Collaboration	Search for heavy resonances decaying into a vector boson and a Higgs boson in final states with charged leptons, neutrinos and b quarks at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV	JHEP 11 (2018) 172	CMS-B2G-17-004 1807.02826
7	CMS Collaboration	Search for a heavy resonance decaying into a Z boson and a vector boson in the $ \nu \overline{\nu}\mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}} $ final state	JHEP 07 (2018) 075	CMS-B2G-17-005 1803.03838
8	CMS Collaboration	Search for heavy resonances decaying into two Higgs bosons or into a Higgs boson and a W or Z boson in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV	JHEP 01 (2019) 051	CMS-B2G-17-006 1808.01365
9	CMS Collaboration	Search for a new heavy resonance decaying into a Z boson and a Z or W boson in 2$ \ell $2q final states at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV		CMS-B2G-17-013 1803.10093
10	CMS Collaboration	Search for production of Higgs boson pairs in the four b quark final state using large-area jets in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV		CMS-B2G-17-019 1808.01473
11	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for $ WW/WZ $ resonance production in $ \ell \nu qq $ final states in $ pp $ collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	JHEP 03 (2018) 042	1710.07235
12	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for resonant $ WZ $ production in the fully leptonic final state in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector		1806.01532
13	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for heavy resonances decaying into $ WW $ in the $ e\nu\mu\nu $ final state in $ pp $ collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	EPJC 78 (2018), no. 1, 24	1710.01123
14	ATLAS Collaboration	Searches for heavy $ ZZ $ and $ ZW $ resonances in the $ \ell\ell qq $ and $ \nu\nu qq $ final states in $ pp $ collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	JHEP 03 (2018) 009	1708.09638
15	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for heavy ZZ resonances in the $ \ell ^+\ell ^-\ell ^+\ell ^- $ and $ \ell ^+\ell ^-\nu \bar{\nu} $ final states using proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	EPJC 78 (2018), no. 4, 293	1712.06386
16	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for heavy resonances decaying to a $ W $ or $ Z $ boson and a Higgs boson in the $ q\bar{q}^{(\prime)}b\bar{b} $ final state in $ pp $ collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	PLB 774 (2017) 494--515	1707.06958
17	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for heavy resonances decaying into a $ W $ or $ Z $ boson and a Higgs boson in final states with leptons and $ b $-jets in 36 fb$ ^{-1} $ of $ \sqrt s = $ 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector	JHEP 03 (2018) 174	1712.06518
18	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for diboson resonances with boson-tagged jets in $ pp $ collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	PLB 777 (2018) 91--113	1708.04445
19	CMS Collaboration	Search for high-mass resonances in dilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV	JHEP 06 (2018) 120	CMS-EXO-16-047 1803.06292
20	CMS Collaboration	Search for high-mass resonances in final states with a lepton and missing transverse momentum at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV	JHEP 06 (2018) 128	CMS-EXO-16-033 1803.11133
21	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for a new heavy gauge boson resonance decaying into a lepton and missing transverse momentum in 36 fb$ ^{-1} $ of $ pp $ collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS experiment	EPJC 78 (2018), no. 5, 401	1706.04786
22	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for new high-mass phenomena in the dilepton final state using 36 fb$ ^{-1} $ of proton-proton collision data at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	JHEP 10 (2017) 182	1707.02424
23	CMS Collaboration	Search for narrow and broad dijet resonances in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV and constraints on dark matter mediators and other new particles	JHEP 08 (2018) 130	CMS-EXO-16-056 1806.00843
24	CMS Collaboration	Search for resonant $ \mathrm{t \bar{t}} $ production in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV	Submitted to: JHEP (2018)	CMS-B2G-17-017 1810.05905
25	CMS Collaboration	Search for heavy resonances decaying to a top quark and a bottom quark in the lepton+jets final state in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV	PLB 777 (2018)	CMS-B2G-17-010 1708.08539
26	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for resonances in the mass distribution of jet pairs with one or two jets identified as $ b $-jets in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	PRD 98 (2018) 032016	1805.09299
27	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for heavy particles decaying into top-quark pairs using lepton-plus-jets events in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	EPJC 78 (2018), no. 7, 565	1804.10823
28	ATLAS Collaboration	Search for $ W' \rightarrow tb $ decays in the hadronic final state using pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	Phys. Lett.B 781 (2018) 327--348	1801.07893
29	C. Grojean, E. Salvioni, and R. Torre	A weakly constrained W$ ' $ at the early LHC	JHEP 07 (2011) 002	1103.2761
30	V. D. Barger, W.-Y. Keung, and E. Ma	A gauge model with light $ W $ and $ Z $ bosons	PRD 22 (1980) 727
31	E. Salvioni, G. Villadoro, and F. Zwirner	Minimal Z' models: present bounds and early LHC reach	JHEP 09 (2009) 068	0909.1320
32	R. Contino, D. Pappadopulo, D. Marzocca, and R. Rattazzi	On the effect of resonances in composite Higgs phenomenology	JHEP 10 (2011) 081	1109.1570
33	D. Marzocca, M. Serone, and J. Shu	General composite Higgs models	JHEP 08 (2012) 13	1205.0770
34	B. Bellazzini, C. Csaki, and J. Serra	Composite Higgses	EPJC 74 (2014) 2766	1401.2457
35	K. Lane and L. Pritchett	The light composite Higgs boson in strong extended technicolor	JHEP 06 (2017) 140	1604.07085
36	T. Han, H. E. Logan, B. McElrath, and L.-T. Wang	Phenomenology of the little Higgs model	PRD 67 (2003) 095004	hep-ph/0301040
37	M. Schmaltz and D. Tucker-Smith	Little Higgs theories	Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 55 (2005) 229	hep-ph/0502182
38	M. Perelstein	Little Higgs models and their phenomenology	Prog. Part. NP 58 (2007) 247	hep-ph/0512128
39	K. Agashe, H. Davoudiasl, G. Perez, and A. Soni	Warped gravitons at the LHC and beyond	PRD 76 (2007) 036006	hep-ph/0701186
40	L. Randall and R. Sundrum	A large mass hierarchy from a small extra dimension	PRL 83 (1999) 3370	hep-ph/9905221
41	L. Randall and R. Sundrum	An alternative to compactification	PRL 83 (1999) 4690	hep-th/9906064
42	ATLAS Collaboration	Combination of searches for heavy resonances decaying into bosonic and leptonic final states using 36 fb$ ^{-1} $ of proton-proton collision data at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector	PRD 98 (2018) 052008	1808.02380
43	CMS Collaboration	The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC	JINST 3 (2008) S08004	CMS-00-001
44	CMS Collaboration	Particle-flow reconstruction and global event description with the CMS detector	JINST 12 (2017) P10003	CMS-PRF-14-001 1706.04965
45	CMS Collaboration	Performance of electron reconstruction and selection with the CMS detector in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 8 TeV	JINST 10 (2015) P06005	CMS-EGM-13-001 1502.02701
46	CMS Collaboration	Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 7 TeV	JINST 7 (2012) P10002	CMS-MUO-10-004 1206.4071
47	CMS Collaboration	Reconstruction and identification of $ \tau $ lepton decays to hadrons and $ \nu_\tau $ at CMS	JINST 11 (2016) P01019	CMS-TAU-14-001 1510.07488
48	M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam, and G. Soyez	The anti-$ k_\text{t} $ jet clustering algorithm	JHEP 04 (2008) 063	0802.1189
49	M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam, and G. Soyez	FastJet user manual	EPJC 72 (2012) 1896	1111.6097
50	CMS Collaboration	Pileup removal algorithms	CMS-PAS-JME-14-001	CMS-PAS-JME-14-001
51	M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam, and G. Soyez	The catchment area of jets	JHEP 04 (2008) 005	0802.1188
52	CMS Collaboration	Jet energy scale and resolution in the CMS experiment in pp collisions at 8 TeV	JINST 12 (2017) P02014	CMS-JME-13-004 1607.03663
53	D. Bertolini, P. Harris, M. Low, and N. Tran	Pileup per particle identification	JHEP 10 (2014) 59	1407.6013
54	M. Dasgupta, A. Fregoso, S. Marzani, and G. P. Salam	Towards an understanding of jet substructure	JHEP 09 (2013) 029	1307.0007
55	A. J. Larkoski, S. Marzani, G. Soyez, and J. Thaler	Soft drop	JHEP 05 (2014) 146	1402.2657
56	CMS Collaboration	Jet algorithms performance in 13 TeV data	CMS-PAS-JME-16-003	CMS-PAS-JME-16-003
57	J. Thaler and K. Van Tilburg	Identifying boosted objects with N-subjettiness	JHEP 03 (2011) 015	1011.2268
58	CMS Collaboration	Identification of double-b quark jets in boosted event topologies	CMS-PAS-BTV-15-002	CMS-PAS-BTV-15-002
59	CMS Collaboration	Identification of heavy-flavour jets with the CMS detector in pp collisions at 13 TeV	JINST 13 (2018) P05011	CMS-BTV-16-002 1712.07158
60	J. Alwall et al.	The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations	JHEP 07 (2014) 079	1405.0301
61	D. Pappadopulo, A. Thamm, R. Torre, and A. Wulzer	Heavy vector triplets: bridging theory and data	JHEP 09 (2014) 60	1402.4431
62	A. L. Fitzpatrick, J. Kaplan, L. Randall, and L.-T. Wang	Searching for the Kaluza-Klein graviton in bulk RS models	JHEP 09 (2007) 013	hep-ph/0701150
63	W. D. Goldberger and M. B. Wise	Modulus stabilization with bulk fields	PRL 83 (1999) 4922	hep-ph/9907447
64	NNPDF Collaboration	Parton distributions for the LHC Run II	JHEP 04 (2015) 040	1410.8849
65	T. Sjostrand, S. Mrenna, and P. Skands	A brief introduction to PYTHIA 8.1	CPC 178 (2008) 852	0710.3820
66	T. Sjostrand, S. Mrenna, and P. Skands	PYTHIA 6.4 physics and manual	JHEP 05 (2006) 026	hep-ph/0603175
67	J. Alwall et al.	Comparative study of various algorithms for the merging of parton showers and matrix elements in hadronic collisions	EPJC 53 (2008) 473	0706.2569
68	GEANT4 Collaboration	GEANT4---a simulation toolkit	NIMA 506 (2003) 250
69	J. Butterworth et al.	PDF4LHC recommendations for LHC Run II	JPG 43 (2016) 23001	1510.03865
70	T. Junk	Confidence level computation for combining searches with small statistics	NIMA 434 (1999) 435	hep-ex/9902006
71	A. L. Read	Presentation of search results: the $ CL_s $ technique	JPG 28 (2002) 2693
72	CMS and ATLAS Collaborations	Procedure for the LHC Higgs boson search combination in Summer 2011	CMS-NOTE-2011-005
73	G. Cowan, K. Cranmer, E. Gross, and O. Vitells	Asymptotic formulae for likelihood-based tests of new physics	EPJC 71 (2011) 1554	1007.1727
74	CMS Collaboration	Combination of searches for heavy resonances decaying to WW, WZ, ZZ, WH, and ZH boson pairs in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 8 and 13 TeV	PLB 774 (2017) 533--558	CMS-B2G-16-007 1705.09171