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| CMS-PAS-SUS-21-004 | ||
| Search for top squark pair production in a final state with one or two tau leptons in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 22 September 2022 | ||
| Abstract: A search for pair production of the supersymmetric partner of the top quark, the top squark, in proton-proton collision events at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV is presented in final states containing at least one hadronically decaying tau lepton and large missing transverse momentum. This final state is highly sensitive to high-$ \tan\beta $ or higgsino-like scenarios in which decays of electroweakinos to tau leptons are dominant. The search uses a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$, which was recorded with the CMS detector during 2016-2018. No significant excess is observed with respect to the standard model backgrounds. Exclusion limits at 95% confidence level on top squark and lightest neutralino masses are presented under the assumptions of simplified models. The search excludes top squark masses up to 1150 GeV for a nearly massless neutralino. | ||
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Links:
CDS record (PDF) ;
CADI line (restricted) ;
These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, JHEP 07 (2023) 110. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Top squark pair production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, producing pairs of b quarks and taus accompanied by neutrinos and LSPs in the final state. |
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Figure 1-a:
Top squark pair production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, producing pairs of b quarks and taus accompanied by neutrinos and LSPs in the final state. |
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Figure 1-b:
Top squark pair production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, producing pairs of b quarks and taus accompanied by neutrinos and LSPs in the final state. |
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Figure 1-c:
Top squark pair production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, producing pairs of b quarks and taus accompanied by neutrinos and LSPs in the final state. |
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Figure 1-d:
Top squark pair production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, producing pairs of b quarks and taus accompanied by neutrinos and LSPs in the final state. |
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Figure 2:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ S_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the e $ \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 2-a:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ S_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the e $ \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 2-b:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ S_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the e $ \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 2-c:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ S_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the e $ \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 3:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ S_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the $ \mu \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 3-a:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ S_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the $ \mu \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 3-b:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ S_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the $ \mu \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 3-c:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ S_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the $ \mu \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 4:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ H_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 4-a:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ H_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
png pdf |
Figure 4-b:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ H_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 4-c:
Distributions of the search variables $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ H_{\mathrm{T}} $ after event selection, for data and the predicted background, corresponding to the $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. The histograms for the background processes are stacked, and the distributions for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 5:
The 15 search regions defined in bins of $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss} $, $ m_{\mathrm{T2}} $, and $ H_{\mathrm{T}} $. The bin boundaries for $ S_{\mathrm{T}} $ are the same those for $ H_{\mathrm{T}} $. |
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Figure 6:
The top, middle and bottom panels of each sub-figure show the purities, scale factors, and $ \text{SF}^{\mathrm{e} \mu} - \text{SF}^{\mu \mu} $, respectively, in the different bins (as defined in Fig. 5) of the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR. The upper left, upper right, and lower sub-figures correspond to 2016, 2017, and 2018 data, respectively. Note that in order to mitigate the effect of statistical fluctuations, bins 14 and 15 are merged to provide the same SF in both the bins for subsequent calculations. |
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Figure 6-a:
The top, middle and bottom panels of each sub-figure show the purities, scale factors, and $ \text{SF}^{\mathrm{e} \mu} - \text{SF}^{\mu \mu} $, respectively, in the different bins (as defined in Fig. 5) of the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR. The upper left, upper right, and lower sub-figures correspond to 2016, 2017, and 2018 data, respectively. Note that in order to mitigate the effect of statistical fluctuations, bins 14 and 15 are merged to provide the same SF in both the bins for subsequent calculations. |
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Figure 6-b:
The top, middle and bottom panels of each sub-figure show the purities, scale factors, and $ \text{SF}^{\mathrm{e} \mu} - \text{SF}^{\mu \mu} $, respectively, in the different bins (as defined in Fig. 5) of the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR. The upper left, upper right, and lower sub-figures correspond to 2016, 2017, and 2018 data, respectively. Note that in order to mitigate the effect of statistical fluctuations, bins 14 and 15 are merged to provide the same SF in both the bins for subsequent calculations. |
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Figure 6-c:
The top, middle and bottom panels of each sub-figure show the purities, scale factors, and $ \text{SF}^{\mathrm{e} \mu} - \text{SF}^{\mu \mu} $, respectively, in the different bins (as defined in Fig. 5) of the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR. The upper left, upper right, and lower sub-figures correspond to 2016, 2017, and 2018 data, respectively. Note that in order to mitigate the effect of statistical fluctuations, bins 14 and 15 are merged to provide the same SF in both the bins for subsequent calculations. |
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Figure 7:
Event yields in the 15 search bins as defined in Fig. 5, for the $ \mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), $ \mu\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right), and $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ (lower) categories. The yields for the background processes are stacked, and those for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction in each bin. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 7-a:
Event yields in the 15 search bins as defined in Fig. 5, for the $ \mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), $ \mu\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right), and $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ (lower) categories. The yields for the background processes are stacked, and those for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction in each bin. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 7-b:
Event yields in the 15 search bins as defined in Fig. 5, for the $ \mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), $ \mu\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right), and $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ (lower) categories. The yields for the background processes are stacked, and those for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction in each bin. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 7-c:
Event yields in the 15 search bins as defined in Fig. 5, for the $ \mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), $ \mu\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right), and $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ (lower) categories. The yields for the background processes are stacked, and those for a few representative signal points corresponding to $ x = $ 0.5 and [$ m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $] = [300, 100], [500, 350], [800, 300], and [1000, 1] GeV are overlaid. The lower panel indicates the ratio of the observed data to the background prediction in each bin. The shaded bands indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background, added in quadrature. |
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Figure 8:
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for the pair production of top squarks decaying to $ \tau_{\ell} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ or $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ final states, displayed in the $ {m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}}}-m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $ plane for $ x = $ 0.25 (upper left), 0.5 (upper right) and 0.75 (lower), as described in Eq. (1). The color axis represents the observed limit in the cross section, while the black (red) lines represent the observed (expected) mass limits. The signal cross sections are evaluated using NNLO plus next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) calculations. The solid lines represent the central values. The dashed red lines indicate the region containing 68% of the distribution of limits expected under the background-only hypothesis. The dashed black lines show the change in the observed limit due to variation of the signal cross sections within their theoretical uncertainties. |
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Figure 8-a:
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for the pair production of top squarks decaying to $ \tau_{\ell} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ or $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ final states, displayed in the $ {m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}}}-m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $ plane for $ x = $ 0.25 (upper left), 0.5 (upper right) and 0.75 (lower), as described in Eq. (1). The color axis represents the observed limit in the cross section, while the black (red) lines represent the observed (expected) mass limits. The signal cross sections are evaluated using NNLO plus next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) calculations. The solid lines represent the central values. The dashed red lines indicate the region containing 68% of the distribution of limits expected under the background-only hypothesis. The dashed black lines show the change in the observed limit due to variation of the signal cross sections within their theoretical uncertainties. |
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Figure 8-b:
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for the pair production of top squarks decaying to $ \tau_{\ell} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ or $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ final states, displayed in the $ {m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}}}-m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $ plane for $ x = $ 0.25 (upper left), 0.5 (upper right) and 0.75 (lower), as described in Eq. (1). The color axis represents the observed limit in the cross section, while the black (red) lines represent the observed (expected) mass limits. The signal cross sections are evaluated using NNLO plus next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) calculations. The solid lines represent the central values. The dashed red lines indicate the region containing 68% of the distribution of limits expected under the background-only hypothesis. The dashed black lines show the change in the observed limit due to variation of the signal cross sections within their theoretical uncertainties. |
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Figure 8-c:
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for the pair production of top squarks decaying to $ \tau_{\ell} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ or $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ final states, displayed in the $ {m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_{1}}}-m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $ plane for $ x = $ 0.25 (upper left), 0.5 (upper right) and 0.75 (lower), as described in Eq. (1). The color axis represents the observed limit in the cross section, while the black (red) lines represent the observed (expected) mass limits. The signal cross sections are evaluated using NNLO plus next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) calculations. The solid lines represent the central values. The dashed red lines indicate the region containing 68% of the distribution of limits expected under the background-only hypothesis. The dashed black lines show the change in the observed limit due to variation of the signal cross sections within their theoretical uncertainties. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Relative systematic uncertainties from different sources in signal and background yields in the 2016, 2017 and 2018 analyses combined, for the $ \mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. These values are the weighted (by the yields in the respective bins) averages of the relative uncertainties in the different search regions. For the asymmetric uncertainties, the upper (lower) entry is the uncertainty due to the upward (downward) variation, which can be in the same direction as a result of taking the weighted average. In the heading, the top squark and LSP masses in GeV are indicated in parentheses. |
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Table 2:
Relative systematic uncertainties from different sources in signal and background yields in the 2016, 2017 and 2018 analyses combined, for the $ \mu\tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. These values are the weighted (by the yields in the respective bins) averages of the relative uncertainties in the different search regions. For the asymmetric uncertainties, the upper (lower) entry is the uncertainty due to the upward (downward) variation, which can be in the same direction as a result of taking the weighted average. In the heading, the top squark and LSP masses in GeV are indicated in parentheses. |
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Table 3:
Relative systematic uncertainties from different sources in signal and background yields in the 2016, 2017 and 2018 analyses combined, for the $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category. These values are the weighted (by the yields in the respective bins) averages of the relative uncertainties in the different search regions. For the asymmetric uncertainties, the upper (lower) entry is the uncertainty due to the upward (downward) variation, which can be in the same direction as a result of taking the weighted average. In the heading, the top squark and LSP masses in GeV are indicated in parentheses. |
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Table 4:
Event yields along with statistical and systematic uncertainties in the 2016, 2017 and 2018 analyses combined, for the $ \mathrm{e}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ category, for different background sources and the total background in the 15 search bins, as defined in Fig. 5. The uncertainties that are smaller than 0.05 are listed as 0.0. The number of events observed in data is also shown. The first uncertainty on yields is statistical whereas the second is systematic. |
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Table 5:
Event yields along with statistical and systematic uncertainties in the 2016, 2017 and 2018 analyses combined, for the $ \mu\tau_\mathrm{h} $ category, for different background sources and the total background in the 15 search bins, as defined in Fig. 5. The uncertainties that are smaller than 0.05 are listed as 0.0. The number of events observed in data is also shown. The first uncertainty on yields is statistical whereas the second is systematic. |
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Table 6:
Event yields along with statistical and systematic uncertainties in the 2016, 2017 and 2018 analyses combined, for the $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ category, for different background sources and the total background in the 15 search bins, as defined in Fig. 5. The uncertainties that are smaller than 0.05 are listed as 0.0. The number of events observed in data is also shown. The first uncertainty on yields is statistical whereas the second is systematic. |
| Summary |
| Top squark pair production in final states with two tau leptons has been explored in the data collected by the CMS detector during 2016, 2017 and 2018, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 35.9, 41.3, and 59.7 fb$ ^{-1} $, respectively. This search improves upon the previous iteration [36] by analyzing the entirety of the Run 2 data, adding the semileptonic final states (where one of two tau leptons decays to an electron or a muon), and utilizing improved $ \tau_\mathrm{h} $- and b-tagging algorithms. The dominant standard model backgrounds were found to originate from single top and top quark pair production and processes where jets were misidentified as hadronic tau lepton decays. Control regions in data were used to estimate these backgrounds, while other backgrounds were estimated using simulation. The simulated objects (leptons, jets, etc.) were corrected using scale factors to account for differences between their performances in simulation and collision data. No significant excess was observed, and exclusion limits on the top squark and lightest neutralino masses were set at 95% confidence level within the framework of simplified models where the top squark decays via a chargino to final states including tau leptons. This decay mode is motivated by high-$ \tan\beta $ and higgsino-like scenarios where decays to tau leptons are enhanced. In such models, top squark masses are excluded up to about 1150 GeV for an LSP of mass 1 GeV, and LSP masses up to 450 GeV are excluded for a top squark mass of 900 GeV. These are most stringent exclusion limits till date for the signal models considered in this study. |
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