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| CMS-PAS-B2G-16-026 | ||
| Search for heavy resonances decaying to a pair of Higgs bosons in the four b quark final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| May 2017 | ||
| Abstract: A search for heavy resonances decaying into pairs of standard model Higgs bosons is performed using data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment in 2016, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The final state consists of both Higgs bosons decaying to b quark-antiquark pairs. For resonance masses above 1 TeV the Higgs bosons are Lorentz-boosted and each ${\rm H}\rightarrow{\rm b\overline{b}}$ is reconstructed as one hadronic jet. The signal is characterized as a peak over the invariant mass spectrum of dijet events from standard model multijet processes. The signal strengths for different assumptions of resonance masses are estimated by a combined likelihood fit of the background and the signal shapes to the data. The results are consistent with the standard model expectations, and are interpreted as upper limits on the $s$-channel production cross sections of narrow bulk gravitons and scalar radions in warped extra-dimensional models for resonance masses between 800 and 3000 GeV. | ||
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CDS record (PDF) ;
inSPIRE record ;
CADI line (restricted) ;
These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, PLB 781 (2018) 244. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures & Tables | Summary | Additional Figures | References | CMS Publications |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
The soft drop mass (upper left), the N-subjettiness $ {\tau _{21}} $ (upper right), double-b tagger (lower) distributions of the leading two AK8 jets. The multijet background components for the different jet flavours are shown, along with the bulk graviton signal of mass 1.4, 1.8, and 2.5 TeV. The number of signal and background events correspond to 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. A signal cross section of 20 pb is assumed for all the mass hypotheses. The events are required to have passed the online selection, lepton rejection, the AK8 jet kinematic selections $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 300 GeV, $|\eta | < $ 2.4, and $ {\Delta \eta (\rm j_{\rm 1},j_{\rm 2})} < $ 1.3. The reduced dijet invariant mass $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} $ is required to be greater than 750 GeV. The N-subjettiness requirement of $ {\tau _{21}} < $ 0.55 is applied to the upper left and lower figures. The soft drop masses of the two jets are between 105-135 GeV for the upper right and lower figures. |
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Figure 1-a:
The soft drop mass distribution of the leading two AK8 jets. The multijet background components for the different jet flavours are shown, along with the bulk graviton signal of mass 1.4, 1.8, and 2.5 TeV. The number of signal and background events correspond to 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. A signal cross section of 20 pb is assumed for all the mass hypotheses. The events are required to have passed the online selection, lepton rejection, the AK8 jet kinematic selections $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 300 GeV, $|\eta | < $ 2.4, and $ {\Delta \eta (\rm j_{\rm 1},j_{\rm 2})} < $ 1.3. The reduced dijet invariant mass $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} $ is required to be greater than 750 GeV. The N-subjettiness requirement of $ {\tau _{21}} < $ 0.55 is applied. |
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Figure 1-b:
The N-subjettiness $ {\tau _{21}} $ distribution of the leading two AK8 jets. The multijet background components for the different jet flavours are shown, along with the bulk graviton signal of mass 1.4, 1.8, and 2.5 TeV. The number of signal and background events correspond to 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. A signal cross section of 20 pb is assumed for all the mass hypotheses. The events are required to have passed the online selection, lepton rejection, the AK8 jet kinematic selections $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 300 GeV, $|\eta | < $ 2.4, and $ {\Delta \eta (\rm j_{\rm 1},j_{\rm 2})} < $ 1.3. The reduced dijet invariant mass $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} $ is required to be greater than 750 GeV. The soft drop masses of the two jets are between 105-135 GeV. |
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Figure 1-c:
Double-b tagger distribution of the leading two AK8 jets. The multijet background components for the different jet flavours are shown, along with the bulk graviton signal of mass 1.4, 1.8, and 2.5 TeV. The number of signal and background events correspond to 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. A signal cross section of 20 pb is assumed for all the mass hypotheses. The events are required to have passed the online selection, lepton rejection, the AK8 jet kinematic selections $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 300 GeV, $|\eta | < $ 2.4, and $ {\Delta \eta (\rm j_{\rm 1},j_{\rm 2})} < $ 1.3. The reduced dijet invariant mass $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} $ is required to be greater than 750 GeV. The N-subjettiness requirement of $ {\tau _{21}} < $ 0.55 is applied. The soft drop masses of the two jets are between 105-135 GeV. |
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Figure 2:
The $ {\Delta \eta (\rm j_{\rm 1},j_{\rm 2})} $ distributions (left) and the reduced dijet invariant mass $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} $ (right). The multijet background components for the different jet flavours are shown, along with a bulk graviton signal of masses 1400, 1800, and 2500 GeV. The number of signal and background events correspond to 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. The signal cross section is assumed to be 20 pb for all the mass hypotheses. The events are required to have passed the online selection, lepton rejection, the AK8 jet kinematic selections $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 300 GeV, $|\eta | < $ 2.4. The soft drop masses of the two jets are between 105-135 GeV, and the N-subjettiness requirement of $ {\tau _{21}} < $ 0.55 is applied. The $ {\Delta \eta (\rm j_{\rm 1},j_{\rm 2})} $ distributions on the left has $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} < $ 750 GeV requirement, while the $ {\Delta \eta (\rm j_{\rm 1},j_{\rm 2})} < $ 1.3 requirement is applied to the $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} $ distributions on the right. |
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Figure 2-a:
The $ {\Delta \eta (\rm j_{\rm 1},j_{\rm 2})} $ distributions. The multijet background components for the different jet flavours are shown, along with a bulk graviton signal of masses 1400, 1800, and 2500 GeV. The number of signal and background events correspond to 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. The signal cross section is assumed to be 20 pb for all the mass hypotheses. The events are required to have passed the online selection, lepton rejection, the AK8 jet kinematic selections $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 300 GeV, $|\eta | < $ 2.4. The soft drop masses of the two jets are between 105-135 GeV, and the N-subjettiness requirement of $ {\tau _{21}} < $ 0.55 is applied. The distributions have a $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} < $ 750 GeV requirement. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-b:
The reduced dijet invariant mass $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} $. The multijet background components for the different jet flavours are shown, along with a bulk graviton signal of masses 1400, 1800, and 2500 GeV. The number of signal and background events correspond to 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. The signal cross section is assumed to be 20 pb for all the mass hypotheses. The events are required to have passed the online selection, lepton rejection, the AK8 jet kinematic selections $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 300 GeV, $|\eta | < $ 2.4. The soft drop masses of the two jets are between 105-135 GeV, and the N-subjettiness requirement of $ {\tau _{21}} < $ 0.55 is applied. A $ {\Delta \eta (\rm j_{\rm 1},j_{\rm 2})} < $ 1.3 requirement is applied. |
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Figure 3:
The signal selection efficiencies for the bulk graviton and radion models for different mass hypotheses of the resonances, shown for the LL and the TT signal event categories. |
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Figure 4:
The pass-fail ratio $R_{p/f}$ of the leading-$ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ jet for the double-b tagger LL (left) and TT (right) signal region categories as a function of the soft drop mass of the leading jet ${M_{\rm j_{\rm 1}}}$ minus the Higgs boson mass. The measured ratio in different bins of $ {M_{\rm j_{\rm 1}}} - 125$ is used in the fit (red solid line), except for around $ {M_{\rm j_{\rm 1}}} - 125 = $ 0 which corresponds to the signal region (blue triangular markers). The fitted function is interpolated to obtain $R_{p/f}$ in the signal region. The $R_{p/f}$ in the signal region is also shown. |
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Figure 4-a:
The pass-fail ratio $R_{p/f}$ of the leading-$ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ jet for the double-b tagger LL signal region category as a function of the soft drop mass of the leading jet ${M_{\rm j_{\rm 1}}}$ minus the Higgs boson mass. The measured ratio in different bins of $ {M_{\rm j_{\rm 1}}} - 125$ is used in the fit (red solid line), except for around $ {M_{\rm j_{\rm 1}}} - 125 = $ 0 which corresponds to the signal region (blue triangular markers). The fitted function is interpolated to obtain $R_{p/f}$ in the signal region. The $R_{p/f}$ in the signal region is also shown. |
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Figure 4-b:
The pass-fail ratio $R_{p/f}$ of the leading-$ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ jet for the double-b tagger TT signal region category as a function of the soft drop mass of the leading jet ${M_{\rm j_{\rm 1}}}$ minus the Higgs boson mass. The measured ratio in different bins of $ {M_{\rm j_{\rm 1}}} - 125$ is used in the fit (red solid line), except for around $ {M_{\rm j_{\rm 1}}} - 125 = $ 0 which corresponds to the signal region (blue triangular markers). The fitted function is interpolated to obtain $R_{p/f}$ in the signal region. The $R_{p/f}$ in the signal region is also shown. |
png pdf |
Figure 5:
Comparison between the data and the predicted background using the "Alphabet'' method for the LL (left) and the TT (right) signal region categories. The ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ spectrum for the background is obtained by weighting the ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ spectrum in the anti-tag region by the ratio $R_{p/f}$ of Fig. 4. The signal predictions for a bulk graviton of mass 1000, is overlaid for comparison, assuming a production cross section of 10 fb. The last bins of the distributions contain all events with $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} > $ 3000 GeV. |
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Figure 5-a:
Comparison between the data and the predicted background using the "Alphabet'' method for the LL signal region category. The ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ spectrum for the background is obtained by weighting the ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ spectrum in the anti-tag region by the ratio $R_{p/f}$ of Fig. 4. The signal predictions for a bulk graviton of mass 1000, is overlaid for comparison, assuming a production cross section of 10 fb. The last bins of the distributions contain all events with $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} > $ 3000 GeV. |
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Figure 5-b:
Comparison between the data and the predicted background using the "Alphabet'' method for the TT signal region category. The ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ spectrum for the background is obtained by weighting the ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ spectrum in the anti-tag region by the ratio $R_{p/f}$ of Fig. 4. The signal predictions for a bulk graviton of mass 1000, is overlaid for comparison, assuming a production cross section of 10 fb. The last bins of the distributions contain all events with $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} > $ 3000 GeV. |
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Figure 6:
Modelling of the bulk graviton signal $ {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} $ distribution for the LL category, using the sum of Gaussian and Crystal-Ball functions. The search is performed only in the range 1100 $ < {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} < $ 3000 GeV, since there are no observed events above this value of ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} $. As a result, the signal distribution beyond resonance masses of 2800 GeV is truncated, with a corresponding loss of signal efficiency up to 30%. |
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Figure 7:
The ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ distributions in the anti-tag region for the LL (left) and TT (right) categories. The black markers are the data while the curves show the pre-fit and post-fit background shapes. The lower panel shows the difference between the data and the predicted background, divided by the statistical uncertainty of the data (pull). |
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Figure 7-a:
The ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ distributions in the anti-tag region for the LL category. The black markers are the data while the curves show the pre-fit and post-fit background shapes. The lower panel shows the difference between the data and the predicted background, divided by the statistical uncertainty of the data (pull). |
png pdf |
Figure 7-b:
The ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ distributions in the anti-tag region for the TT category. The black markers are the data while the curves show the pre-fit and post-fit background shapes. The lower panel shows the difference between the data and the predicted background, divided by the statistical uncertainty of the data (pull). |
png pdf |
Figure 8:
The ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ distributions in the the signal region for the LL (left) and the TT (right) categories. The black markers are the data while the curves show the pre-fit and post-fit background shapes. The contribution of bulk gravitons of masses 1600 and 2500 GeV in the signal region are shown assuming a production cross section of 10 fb. The search is conducted for 1100 $ < {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} < $ 3000 GeV, with the upper range driven by the event with the highest value ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ among the four fitted regions - the anti-tag and the signal regions in the LL and the TT categories. This also results in a truncation of the signal distribution beyond resonance masses of 2800 GeV with signal efficiency losses increasing up to 30% for $M(X) = $ 3000 GeV as shown in Fig. 6. The lower panel shows the difference between the data and the predicted background, divided by the statistical uncertainty of the data (pull). |
png pdf |
Figure 8-a:
The ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ distributions in the the signal region for the LL category. The black markers are the data while the curves show the pre-fit and post-fit background shapes. The contribution of bulk gravitons of masses 1600 and 2500 GeV in the signal region are shown assuming a production cross section of 10 fb. The search is conducted for 1100 $ < {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} < $ 3000 GeV, with the upper range driven by the event with the highest value ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ among the four fitted regions - the anti-tag and the signal regions in the LL and the TT categories. This also results in a truncation of the signal distribution beyond resonance masses of 2800 GeV with signal efficiency losses increasing up to 30% for $M(X) = $ 3000 GeV as shown in Fig. 6. The lower panel shows the difference between the data and the predicted background, divided by the statistical uncertainty of the data (pull). |
png pdf |
Figure 8-b:
The ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ distributions in the the signal region for the TT category. The black markers are the data while the curves show the pre-fit and post-fit background shapes. The contribution of bulk gravitons of masses 1600 and 2500 GeV in the signal region are shown assuming a production cross section of 10 fb. The search is conducted for 1100 $ < {M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}} < $ 3000 GeV, with the upper range driven by the event with the highest value ${M_{\rm jj}^{\rm red}}$ among the four fitted regions - the anti-tag and the signal regions in the LL and the TT categories. This also results in a truncation of the signal distribution beyond resonance masses of 2800 GeV with signal efficiency losses increasing up to 30% for $M(X) = $ 3000 GeV as shown in Fig. 6. The lower panel shows the difference between the data and the predicted background, divided by the statistical uncertainty of the data (pull). |
png pdf |
Figure 9:
The combined limits for the spin-0 radion (left) and the spin-2 bulk graviton (right) models. The "Alphabet'' background estimation method is used for masses below 1200 GeV, while the "Alphabet-assisted bump hunt'' is used for higher masses. The predicted theoretical cross sections for a narrow radion or a bulk graviton produced through gluon-gluon fusion and assumed to decay to a pair of Higgs bosons with a branching fraction of 23% and 10%, for the radion and the bulk graviton, respectively, are also shown. |
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Figure 9-a:
The combined limits for the spin-0 radion model. The "Alphabet'' background estimation method is used for masses below 1200 GeV, while the "Alphabet-assisted bump hunt'' is used for higher masses. The predicted theoretical cross section for a narrow radion produced through gluon-gluon fusion and assumed to decay to a pair of Higgs bosons with a branching fraction of 23%, is also shown. |
png pdf |
Figure 9-b:
The combined limits for the spin-2 bulk graviton model. The "Alphabet'' background estimation method is used for masses below 1200 GeV, while the "Alphabet-assisted bump hunt'' is used for higher masses. The predicted theoretical cross sections for a bulk graviton produced through gluon-gluon fusion and assumed to decay to a pair of Higgs bosons with a branching fraction of 10%, is also shown. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Comparison of expected and observed limits on the production cross section of a resonance decaying to $\mathrm{ H } \mathrm{ H } $ for the bulk graviton and the radion signal hypotheses, for different values of the resonance mass. The limits for masses below 1200 GeV are obtained using the "Alphabet'' background estimation method, while those above, using the "AABH'' method described in Section 4. |
| Summary |
| A search for a narrow massive resonance decaying to two standard model Higgs bosons is performed using the CERN LHC $\mathrm{ p }\mathrm{ p }$ collision data collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the CMS detector in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. Events where both Higgs bosons decay as ${\mathrm{H}\rightarrow\mathrm{b }\overline{\mathrm{b }}} $ are considered in this search. The Lorentz boost imparted to the Higgs bosons due to the mass of their parent particle is sufficient to merge the corresponding $\mathrm{ b \bar{b} }$ quarks into one large area jet, each with a mass corresponding to the Higgs boson mass. A localized excess of events in the invariant mass distribution of the pair of such jets in the selected events is searched for, over a continuum background comprised mainly of standard model multijet production. In the absence of such an excess, upper limits are set on the production cross section times the branching fraction of a Kaluza-Klein bulk graviton and a Randall-Sundrum radion decaying to a pair of standard model Higgs bosons, for various hypothetical masses of the bulk graviton and the radion in the range 800-3000 GeV. For the mass scale ${\Lambda_{\rm R}} = $ 3 TeV, we exclude a radion of mass between 970 and 1450 GeV. |
| Additional Figures | |
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Additional Figure 1:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and the branching fraction $\sigma (\mathrm{g} \mathrm{g} \to \mathrm{X}) \times B(\mathrm{X} \to \mathrm{ H } \mathrm{ H } )$ obtained by different analyses assuming spin-0 hypothesis in an extended mass range beyond 1 TeV . |
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Additional Figure 2:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and the branching fraction $\sigma (\mathrm{g} \mathrm{g} \to \mathrm{X}) \times B(\mathrm{X} \to \mathrm{ H } \mathrm{ H } )$ obtained by different analyses assuming spin-2 hypothesis in an extended mass range beyond 1 TeV . |
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