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CMS-PAS-EXO-16-051
Search for dark matter in final states with a top quark and missing transverse momentum using new hadronic top quark tagging techniques
Abstract: A search for dark matter is conducted in events with large missing transverse momentum and a hadronically decaying, boosted top quark. This study is performed using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV collected by the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.8 fb$^{-1}$. No significant deviations from standard model predictions are observed, and limits are placed on the production of new heavy bosons coupling to dark matter particles.
Figures & Tables Summary References CMS Publications
Figures

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Figure 1:
Example of monotop production via a flavor-changing neutral current (left) and a heavy scalar (right).

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Figure 1-a:
Example of monotop production via a flavor-changing neutral current.

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Figure 1-b:
Example of monotop production via a heavy scalar.

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Figure 2:
Performance of the top quark tagging BDT in q/g jets and top quark jets. In both figures, the ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ spectra of jets are weighted to be flat, and the $m_\mathrm {SD}$ is required to be in the range 110-210 GeV.

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Figure 2-a:
Response of the top quark tagging BDT to q/g jets and top quark jets. The ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ spectra of jets are weighted to be flat, and the $m_\mathrm {SD}$ is required to be in the range 110-210 GeV.

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Figure 2-b:
Performance of the top quark tagging BDT in q/g jets and top quark jets. The ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ spectra of jets are weighted to be flat, and the $m_\mathrm {SD}$ is required to be in the range 110-210 GeV.

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Figure 3:
Comparison of the BDT response in data and simulation. The shape of the response is observed to agree well between data and simulation, both in top quark jets and non-top quark jets. The grey band represents the statistical uncertainty of the simulation.

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Figure 3-a:
Comparison of the BDT response in data and simulation. The shape of the response is observed to agree well between data and simulation in top quark jets. The grey band represents the statistical uncertainty of the simulation.

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Figure 3-b:
Comparison of the BDT response in data and simulation. The shape of the response is observed to agree well between data and simulation in non-top quark jets. The grey band represents the statistical uncertainty of the simulation.

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Figure 4:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. Plot (a) corresponds to the dielectron control region, and plot (b) corresponds to the dimuon control region. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 4-a:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the dielectron control region for 0.1 $<$ BDT $<$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 4-b:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the dielectron control region for BDT $>$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 4-c:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the dimuon control region for 0.1 $<$ BDT $<$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 4-d:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the dimuon control region for BDT $>$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 5:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the photon control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 5-a:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the photon control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region, for 0.1 $<$ BDT $<$ 0.45. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 5-b:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the photon control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region, for BDT $>$ 0.45. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 6:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. Plot (a) corresponds to the single electron anti-b-tagged control region and plot (b) corresponds to the single muon anti-b-tagged control region. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the one standard deviation uncertainty on the prediction that also includes systematic uncertainties.

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Figure 6-a:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the single electron anti-b-tagged control region, for 0.1 $<$ BDT $<$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the one standard deviation uncertainty on the prediction that also includes systematic uncertainties.

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Figure 6-b:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the single electron anti-b-tagged control region, for BDT $>$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the one standard deviation uncertainty on the prediction that also includes systematic uncertainties.

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Figure 6-c:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the single muon anti-b-tagged control region, for 0.1 $<$ BDT $<$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the one standard deviation uncertainty on the prediction that also includes systematic uncertainties.

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Figure 6-d:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the single muon anti-b-tagged control region, for BDT $>$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the one standard deviation uncertainty on the prediction that also includes systematic uncertainties.

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Figure 7:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. Plot (a) corresponds to the single electron b-tagged control region and plot (b) corresponds to the single muon b-tagged control region. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 7-a:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the single electron b-tagged control region, for 0.1 $<$ BDT $<$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 7-b:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the single electron b-tagged control region, for BDT $>$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 7-c:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the single muon b-tagged control region, for 0.1 $<$ BDT $<$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 7-d:
Comparison between data and SM predictions in the control regions before and after performing the simultaneous fit to the different control regions and signal region. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The plot corresponds to the single muon b-tagged control region, for BDT $>$ 0.45. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The gray band indicates the post-fit uncertainty after propagating all the systematic uncertainties in the fit.

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Figure 8:
Distribution of ${ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$ from SM backgrounds and data in the signal region after simultaneously fitting in the signal region and all control regions. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The gray bands indicate the post-fit uncertainty in the background, assuming no signal.

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Figure 8-a:
Distribution of ${ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$ from SM backgrounds and data in the signal region after simultaneously fitting in the signal region and all control regions. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The gray bands indicate the post-fit uncertainty in the background, assuming no signal.

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Figure 8-b:
Distribution of ${ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$ from SM backgrounds and data in the signal region after simultaneously fitting in the signal region and all control regions. Each bin shows the event yields divided by the width of the bin. The stacked histograms show the individual SM background distributions after the fit is performed. The blue solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to their post-fit yields. The red solid line represents the sum of the SM background contributions normalized to the theoretical prediction. The gray bands indicate the post-fit uncertainty in the background, assuming no signal.

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Figure 9:
Results for the FCNC interpretation presented in the two-dimensional plane spanned by the mediator and dark matter masses. The mediator is assumed to have purely vector couplings to quarks and dark matter. The observed exclusion range (red solid line) is shown. The red dashed lines show the cases in which the predicted cross section is shifted by the assigned theory uncertainty. The expected exclusion range is indicated by a black solid line, demonstrating the search sensitivity of the analysis. The experimental uncertainties are shown in black dashed lines.

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Figure 10:
Results for the FCNC interpretation presented in the two-dimensional plane spanned by the mediator mass and the coupling between the mediator and dark matter (top) or quarks (bottom). The mediator is assumed to have purely vector couplings. The observed exclusion range (red solid line) is shown. The red dashed lines show the cases in which the predicted cross section is shifted by the assigned theory uncertainty. The expected exclusion range is indicated by a black solid line, demonstrating the search sensitivity of the analysis. The experimental uncertainties are shown in black dashed lines.

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Figure 10-a:
Results for the FCNC interpretation presented in the two-dimensional plane spanned by the mediator mass and the coupling between the mediator and dark matter. The mediator is assumed to have purely vector couplings. The observed exclusion range (red solid line) is shown. The red dashed lines show the cases in which the predicted cross section is shifted by the assigned theory uncertainty. The expected exclusion range is indicated by a black solid line, demonstrating the search sensitivity of the analysis. The experimental uncertainties are shown in black dashed lines.

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Figure 10-b:
Results for the FCNC interpretation presented in the two-dimensional plane spanned by the mediator mass and the coupling between the mediator and quarks. The mediator is assumed to have purely vector couplings. The observed exclusion range (red solid line) is shown. The red dashed lines show the cases in which the predicted cross section is shifted by the assigned theory uncertainty. The expected exclusion range is indicated by a black solid line, demonstrating the search sensitivity of the analysis. The experimental uncertainties are shown in black dashed lines.

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Figure 11:
Results assuming a resonant interpretation of the monotop signature. Shown are upper limits as a function of the mass of the scalar particle $S$, assuming fixed $a_\text {SR} = b_\text {SR}= $ 0.1. The limits are placed at a confidence level of 95%. The green and yellow bands represent one and two standard deviations of experimental uncertainties, respectively. The red shaded band represents the 20% signal cross section uncertainty.
Tables

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Table 1:
Summary of the selection criteria used in the signal and CRs. Symbols $(\mathrm {b})$ and $(\ell )$ respectively refer to cases where the b-quark and lepton are not identified. $N_e,N_\mu ,\mathrm {and}N_\gamma $ refer to the number of selected electrons, muons, and photons, respectively. The number of b-tagged narrow jets that are isolated from the fat jet are denoted with $N_{\text {b-tag}}^\text {iso}$.
Summary
A search for dark matter in the monotop final state is performed. The data are found to be in agreement with the standard model prediction. Results are interpreted in terms of limits on the production cross section of dark matter particles via a neutral flavor-changing interaction or via the decay of a colored, scalar resonance together with a single top quark.

For the nonresonant model, assuming $m_\chi = $ 1 GeV, $g_{V_u}= $ 0.25, and $g_{V_\chi}= $ 1, flavor-changing neutral currents of $m_V< $ 1.75 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level.

For the resonant model, scalar fields with $m_\phi < $ 3.4 TeV are excluded.
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