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CMS-PAS-HIG-17-002
Search for pair production of Higgs bosons in the two tau leptons and two bottom quarks final state using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Abstract: A search for the production of Higgs boson pairs in proton-proton collisions at a centre of mass energy of 13 TeV is presented, making use of a data integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Final states with one Higgs boson decaying into two tau leptons and the other one decaying into two bottom quarks are explored to investigate both the resonant and non-resonant production mechanisms. The observed data are well described by standard model processes and no evidence for a signal contribution is found. For resonant production, upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section of Higgs boson pairs as a function of the resonance mass, and are interpreted in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. For non-resonant production, upper limits on the production cross section constrain the parameter space for anomalous Higgs boson couplings. The observed (expected) limit corresponds to about 28 (25) times the prediction of the standard model.
Figures & Tables Summary References CMS Publications
Figures

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Figure 1:
Distributions of the events observed in the signal regions of the $ {\tau _\mu \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. The first, second, and third row show the resolved 1b1j, 2b0j, and boosted regions respectively. Figures (a),(b),(d),(e),(g) show the distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable and Figures (c),(f),(h) show the distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 1-a:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the resolved 1b1j - LM resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mu \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 1-b:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the resolved 1b1j - HM resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mu \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state.Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 1-c:
Distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable in the resolved 1b1j - non-resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mu \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 1-d:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the resolved 2b0j - LM resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mu \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 1-e:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the resolved 2b0j - HM resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mu \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 1-f:
Distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable in the resolved 2b0j - non-resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mu \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 1-g:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the boosted - resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mu \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 1-h:
Distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable in the boosted - non-resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mu \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 2:
Distributions of the events observed in the signal regions of the $ {\tau _\mathrm{ e } \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. The first, second, and third row show the resolved 1b1j, 2b0j, and boosted regions respectively. Figures (a),(b),(d),(e),(g) show the distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable and Figures (c),(f),(h) show the distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 2-a:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the resolved 1b1j - LM resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mathrm{ e } \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 2-b:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the resolved 1b1j - HM resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mathrm{ e } \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state.Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 2-c:
Distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable in the resolved 1b1j - non-resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mathrm{ e } \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 2-d:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the resolved 2b0j - LM resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mathrm{ e } \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 2-e:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the resolved 2b0j - HM resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mathrm{ e } \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 2-f:
Distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable in the resolved 2b0j - non-resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mathrm{ e } \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 2-g:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the boosted - resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mathrm{ e } \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 2-h:
Distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable in the boosted - non-resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _\mathrm{ e } \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 3:
Distributions of the events observed in the signal regions of the $ {\tau _{{\text h}}\tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. The first, second, and third row show the resolved 1b1j, 2b0j, and boosted regions respectively. Figures (a),(c),(e) show the distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable and Figures (b),(d),(f) show the distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 3-a:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the resolved 1b1j - resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _{{\text h}} \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 3-b:
Distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable in the resolved 1b1j - non-resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _{{\text h}} \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 3-c:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the resolved 2b0j - resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _{{\text h}} \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 3-d:
Distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable in the resolved 2b0j - non-resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _{{\text h}} \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 3-e:
Distribution of the ${{m}_ {\text {HH}} ^\text {KinFit} }$ variable in the boosted - resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _{{\text h}} \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 3-f:
Distribution of the ${{M}_\text {T2}}$ variable in the boosted - non-resonant signal region of the $ {\tau _{{\text h}} \tau _{{\text h}}} $ final state. Points with error bars represent the data and shaded histograms represent the backgrounds, while the solid lines represent the expected signal yields and are not stacked to the background histograms. The dashed areas correspond to the systematic uncertainty band of the background estimates. Distributions and nuisances are shown after the fit to the observed data.

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Figure 4:
(a): observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on cross section times branching fraction as a function of $k_\lambda /k_\mathrm{ t } $. The two red bands show the theoretical cross section expectations and the corresponding uncertainties for $k_\mathrm{ t } = $ 1 and $k_\mathrm{ t } = $ 2. (b): test of $k_\lambda $ and $k_\mathrm{ t } $ anomalous couplings. The blue region denotes the parameters excluded at 95% CL with the observed data, while the dashed black line and the gray regions denote the expected exclusions and the 1$\sigma $ and 2$\sigma $ bands. The dotted gray lines indicate trajectories in the plane with equal values of cross section times branching fraction that are displayed in the associated labels. The red marker denotes the couplings predicted by the SM. In both figures, the couplings that are not explicitly tested are assumed to correspond to the SM prediction.

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Figure 4-a:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on cross section times branching fraction as a function of $k_\lambda /k_\mathrm{ t } $. The two red bands show the theoretical cross section expectations and the corresponding uncertainties for $k_\mathrm{ t } = $ 1 and $k_\mathrm{ t } = $ 2. The couplings that are not explicitly tested are assumed to correspond to the SM prediction.

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Figure 4-b:
Test of $k_\lambda $ and $k_\mathrm{ t } $ anomalous couplings. The blue region denotes the parameters excluded at 95% CL with the observed data, while the dashed black line and the gray regions denote the expected exclusions and the 1$\sigma $ and 2$\sigma $ bands. The dotted gray lines indicate trajectories in the plane with equal values of cross section times branching fraction that are displayed in the associated labels. The red marker denotes the couplings predicted by the SM. The couplings that are not explicitly tested are assumed to correspond to the SM prediction.

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Figure 5:
(a) : observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on cross section times branching fraction as a function of the mass of the resonance $ {{m}_\text {S} }$ under the hypothesis that its intrinsic width is negligible with respect to the experimental resolution. (b) : interpretation of the exclusion limit in the context of the hMSSM model, parametrized as a function of the $\tan\beta $ and ${m}_\text {A}$ parameters. In this model, the CP-even lighter scalar is assumed to be the observed 125 GeV Higgs boson and is denoted as h, while the CP-even heavier scalar is denoted as H. The gray dotted lines indicate trajectories in the plane corresponding to the same values of ${m}_\text {H}$.

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Figure 5-a:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on cross section times branching fraction as a function of the mass of the resonance $ {{m}_\text {S} }$ under the hypothesis that its intrinsic width is negligible with respect to the experimental resolution.

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Figure 5-b:
Interpretation of the exclusion limit in the context of the hMSSM model, parametrized as a function of the $\tan\beta $ and ${m}_\text {A}$ parameters. In this model, the CP-even lighter scalar is assumed to be the observed 125 GeV Higgs boson and is denoted as h, while the CP-even heavier scalar is denoted as H. The gray dotted lines indicate trajectories in the plane corresponding to the same values of ${m}_\text {H}$.
Tables

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Table 1:
Systematic uncertainties affecting the normalization of the different processes.
Summary
The search for resonant and non-resonant Higgs boson (HH) production in the $\mathrm{ b b } \tau\tau$ final state is presented. The search is performed using 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV and uses the three most sensitive decay channels of the $\tau$ lepton pair, namely $\tau_{\mu}\tau_{\mathrm{h}} $, $\tau_{\mathrm{e}}\tau_{\mathrm{h}} $, and $\tau_{\mathrm{h}}\tau_{\mathrm{h}} $. The results are found to be compatible within the uncertainties to the expected SM background contribution, and upper confidence limits on the HH production cross sections are set.

For the non-resonant production mechanism, the theoretical framework of the effective Lagrangian is used to parametrize the cross section as a function of anomalous couplings of the Higgs boson. Upper confidence limits on the HH cross section are derived as a function of $k_\lambda = \lambda_{\mathrm{HHH}}/\lambda_{\mathrm{HHH}}^\text{SM}$ and $k_\mathrm{ t } = y_\mathrm{ t }/y^\text{SM}_\mathrm{ t }$. The 95% CL observed upper limit corresponds to approximately 28 times the theoretical prediction for the SM cross section, and the expected one is about 25 times the SM prediction.

For the resonant production mechanism, upper exclusion limits at 95% CL are derived for the production of a narrow resonance of mass $m_{\mathrm{X}}$ ranging from 250 to 900 GeV. These model independent limits are interpreted in the context of MSSM scenarios where the HH production cross section is parametrized as a function of the $\text{m}_\text{A}$ and $\tan\beta$ parameters of the model.
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