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| CMS-SUS-19-007 ; CERN-EP-2019-213 | ||
| Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV with 137 fb$^{-1}$ in final states with a single lepton using the sum of masses of large-radius jets | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 18 November 2019 | ||
| Phys. Rev. D 1010 (2020) 052010 | ||
| Abstract: Results are reported from a search for new physics beyond the standard model in proton-proton collisions in final states with a single lepton; multiple jets, including at least one jet tagged as originating from the hadronization of a bottom quark; and large missing transverse momentum. The search uses a sample of proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV, corresponding to 137 fb$^{-1}$, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The signal region is divided into categories characterized by the total number of jets, the number of bottom quark jets, the missing transverse momentum, and the sum of masses of large-radius jets. The observed event yields in the signal regions are consistent with estimates of standard model backgrounds based on event yields in the control regions. The results are interpreted in the context of simplified models of supersymmetry involving gluino pair production in which each gluino decays into a top quark-antiquark pair and a stable, unobserved neutralino, which generates missing transverse momentum in the event. Scenarios with gluino masses up to about 2150 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level (or more) for neutralino masses up to 700 GeV. The highest excluded neutralino mass is about 1250 GeV, which holds for gluino masses around 1850 GeV. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1911.07558 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Gluino pair production and decay for the simplified models T1tttt (left) and T5tttt (right). In T1tttt, the gluino undergoes a three-body decay ${\mathrm{\tilde{g}}} \to {\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} \tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ via a virtual intermediate top squark. In T5tttt, the gluino decays via the sequential two-body process ${\mathrm{\tilde{g}}} \to \tilde{\mathrm{t}} _1\mathrm{\bar{t}} $, $\tilde{\mathrm{t}} _1\to \mathrm{t} \tilde{\chi}^0_1 $. Because gluinos are Majorana fermions, each one can decay to $\tilde{\mathrm{t}} _1\mathrm{\bar{t}} $ and to the charge conjugate final state $\smash {\bar{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}} _1\mathrm{t}}$. The filled circle represents the sum of processes that can lead to gluino pair production. |
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Figure 1-a:
Gluino pair production and decay for the simplified model T1tttt. The gluino undergoes a three-body decay ${\mathrm{\tilde{g}}} \to {\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} \tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ via a virtual intermediate top squark. The filled circle represents the sum of processes that can lead to gluino pair production. |
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Figure 1-b:
Gluino pair production and decay for the simplified model T5tttt. The gluino decays via the sequential two-body process ${\mathrm{\tilde{g}}} \to \tilde{\mathrm{t}} _1\mathrm{\bar{t}} $, $\tilde{\mathrm{t}} _1\to \mathrm{t} \tilde{\chi}^0_1 $. Because gluinos are Majorana fermions, each one can decay to $\tilde{\mathrm{t}} _1\mathrm{\bar{t}} $ and to the charge conjugate final state $\smash {\bar{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}} _1\mathrm{t}}$. The filled circle represents the sum of processes that can lead to gluino pair production. |
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Figure 2:
Analysis regions defined for each bin in ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$. For the signal models considered here, the regions R1, R2A, R2B, and R3 are dominated by background, while R4A and R4B would have a significant signal contribution. In the combined fit performed to the event yields observed in these regions, signal contributions are allowed in the background-dominated regions. The R2A, R2B, R4A, and R4B regions are further divided into bins of ${N_{\text {jets}}}$ and ${N_{\text {b}}}$, as discussed in the text. |
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Figure 3:
Distribution of simulated single-lepton ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ events (dark-blue inverted triangles), dilepton ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ events (light-blue triangles) in the ${M_J}$-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ plane after applying the baseline selection and requiring at least two b jets. A representative random sample of T1tttt events with $ {m({\mathrm{\tilde{g}}})} = $ 2100 GeV and $ {m(\tilde{\chi}^0_1)} = $ 100 GeV is also shown for comparison (red squares). Each marker represents one expected event in the full data sample. Overflow events are placed on the edges of the plot. The values of the correlation coefficients $\rho $ for each of the background process are given in the legend. Region R4, which is further split into smaller bins R4A and R4B, is the nominal signal region, while R1, R2, and R3 serve as control regions. This plot is only illustrative, because the boundary between R1 and R2, as well as between R3 and R4, is ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$-dependent. The line shown at 400 GeV corresponds to the value used for the lowest ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$ bin. Additional sensitivity is obtained by binning the events in ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$, ${N_{\text {jets}}}$, and ${N_{\text {b}}}$. |
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Figure 4:
Values of the double-ratio $\kappa $ for each of the 18 signal bins of the low-${M_J}$ ABCD planes, i.e., R1-R2A-R3-R4A (left), and the 18 signal bins of the high-${M_J}$ ABCD planes, i.e., R1-R2B-R3-R4B (right), calculated using the simulated SM background. The $\kappa $ factors are close to unity, indicating a small correlation between ${M_J}$ and ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The uncertainties shown are statistical only. |
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Figure 4-a:
Values of the double-ratio $\kappa $ for each of the 18 signal bins of the low-${M_J}$ ABCD planes, i.e., R1-R2A-R3-R4A, calculated using the simulated SM background. The $\kappa $ factors are close to unity, indicating a small correlation between ${M_J}$ and ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The uncertainties shown are statistical only. |
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Figure 4-b:
Values of the double-ratio $\kappa $ for each of the 18 signal bins of the high-${M_J}$ ABCD planes, i.e., R1-R2B-R3-R4B, calculated using the simulated SM background. The $\kappa $ factors are close to unity, indicating a small correlation between ${M_J}$ and ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The uncertainties shown are statistical only. |
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Figure 5:
Dilepton control sample (CS): validation of the $\kappa $ factor values found in simulation vs. data for low ${M_J}$ (left) and high ${M_J}$ (right). The data and simulation are shown as black and red points, respectively. No statistical uncertainties are plotted for the data points, but instead, the expected statistical uncertainty for the data points, summed in quadrature with the statistical uncertainty of the simulated samples, is given by the error bar on the red points and is quoted as $\sigma _{\mathrm {st}}$. The red portion of the error bar on the red points indicates the contribution from the simulated samples. The quoted values of $\Delta _{\kappa}$ are defined as the relative difference between the $\kappa $ values found in simulation and in data. |
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Figure 5-a:
Dilepton control sample (CS): validation of the $\kappa $ factor values found in simulation vs. data for low ${M_J}$. The data and simulation are shown as black and red points, respectively. No statistical uncertainties are plotted for the data points, but instead, the expected statistical uncertainty for the data points, summed in quadrature with the statistical uncertainty of the simulated samples, is given by the error bar on the red points and is quoted as $\sigma _{\mathrm {st}}$. The red portion of the error bar on the red points indicates the contribution from the simulated samples. The quoted values of $\Delta _{\kappa}$ are defined as the relative difference between the $\kappa $ values found in simulation and in data. |
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Figure 5-b:
Dilepton control sample (CS): validation of the $\kappa $ factor values found in simulation vs. data for high ${M_J}$. The data and simulation are shown as black and red points, respectively. No statistical uncertainties are plotted for the data points, but instead, the expected statistical uncertainty for the data points, summed in quadrature with the statistical uncertainty of the simulated samples, is given by the error bar on the red points and is quoted as $\sigma _{\mathrm {st}}$. The red portion of the error bar on the red points indicates the contribution from the simulated samples. The quoted values of $\Delta _{\kappa}$ are defined as the relative difference between the $\kappa $ values found in simulation and in data. |
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Figure 6:
Single-lepton 5-6 jet control sample (CS): validation of the $\kappa $ factor values found in simulation vs. data for low ${M_J}$ (left) and high ${M_J}$ (right). The data and simulation are shown as black and red points, respectively. The expected uncertainty in the data, summed in quadrature with the statistical uncertainty of the simulated samples, is given by the error bar on the red points ($\sigma _{\mathrm {st}}$). The red portion of the error bar indicates the contribution from the simulated samples. The values of $\Delta _{\kappa}$ are the relative difference between the $\kappa $ values found in simulation and in data. |
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Figure 6-a:
Single-lepton 5-6 jet control sample (CS): validation of the $\kappa $ factor values found in simulation vs. data for low ${M_J}$. The data and simulation are shown as black and red points, respectively. The expected uncertainty in the data, summed in quadrature with the statistical uncertainty of the simulated samples, is given by the error bar on the red points ($\sigma _{\mathrm {st}}$). The red portion of the error bar indicates the contribution from the simulated samples. The values of $\Delta _{\kappa}$ are the relative difference between the $\kappa $ values found in simulation and in data. |
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Figure 6-b:
Single-lepton 5-6 jet control sample (CS): validation of the $\kappa $ factor values found in simulation vs. data for high ${M_J}$. The data and simulation are shown as black and red points, respectively. The expected uncertainty in the data, summed in quadrature with the statistical uncertainty of the simulated samples, is given by the error bar on the red points ($\sigma _{\mathrm {st}}$). The red portion of the error bar indicates the contribution from the simulated samples. The values of $\Delta _{\kappa}$ are the relative difference between the $\kappa $ values found in simulation and in data. |
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Figure 7:
Two-dimensional distributions in ${M_J}$ and ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for both data and simulated event samples, integrated over the ${N_{\text {jets}}}$ and $ {N_{\text {b}}} \geq $ 2 and shown separately for the 350 $ < {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} \leq $ 500 GeV bin (left) and the $ {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} > $ 500 GeV bin (right). The black dots represent events in data, the colored histogram shows the total expected background yield per bin from simulation (not the actual predicted background), and the red squares correspond to a representative random sample of signal events drawn from the simulated distribution for the T1tttt model with $ {m({\mathrm{\tilde{g}}})} = $ 2100 GeV and $ {m(\tilde{\chi}^0_1)} = $ 100 GeV for 137 fb$^{-1}$. Overflow events are shown on the edges of the plot. |
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Figure 7-a:
Two-dimensional distributions in ${M_J}$ and ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for both data and simulated event samples, integrated over the ${N_{\text {jets}}}$ and $ {N_{\text {b}}} \geq $ 2 and shown separately for the 350 $ < {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} \leq $ 500 GeV bin. The black dots represent events in data, the colored histogram shows the total expected background yield per bin from simulation (not the actual predicted background), and the red squares correspond to a representative random sample of signal events drawn from the simulated distribution for the T1tttt model with $ {m({\mathrm{\tilde{g}}})} = $ 2100 GeV and $ {m(\tilde{\chi}^0_1)} = $ 100 GeV for 137 fb$^{-1}$. Overflow events are shown on the edges of the plot. |
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Figure 7-b:
Two-dimensional distributions in ${M_J}$ and ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for both data and simulated event samples, integrated over the ${N_{\text {jets}}}$ and $ {N_{\text {b}}} \geq $ 2 and shown separately for the $ {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} > $ 500 GeV bin. The black dots represent events in data, the colored histogram shows the total expected background yield per bin from simulation (not the actual predicted background), and the red squares correspond to a representative random sample of signal events drawn from the simulated distribution for the T1tttt model with $ {m({\mathrm{\tilde{g}}})} = $ 2100 GeV and $ {m(\tilde{\chi}^0_1)} = $ 100 GeV for 137 fb$^{-1}$. Overflow events are shown on the edges of the plot. |
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Figure 8:
Distributions of ${M_J}$ observed in data for 200 $ < {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} \leq $ 350 GeV (upper left), 350 $ < {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} \leq $ 500 GeV (upper right), and $ {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} > $ 500 GeV (lower) in the $1\ell $ data for low- and high-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ regions. In each plot, events in the R2A and R2B regions at low ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ have been weighted by the relevant $\kappa $ factor and the total low-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ yield is normalized to the high-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ yield to facilitate comparison of the shapes of the distributions. The vertical dashed line at $ {M_J} = $ 250 GeV shows the lower boundary of regions R1 and R3, while the vertical lines at higher ${M_J}$ values denote the lower ${M_J}$ boundaries of the signal regions R4A and R4B. The data are integrated over the ${N_{\text {b}}}$ and ${N_{\text {jets}}}$ signal bins. Two SUSY benchmark models are shown in the solid and dashed red histograms. |
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Figure 8-a:
Distributions of ${M_J}$ observed in data for 200 $ < {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} \leq $ 350 GeV in the $1\ell $ data for low- and high-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ regions. Events in the R2A and R2B regions at low ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ have been weighted by the relevant $\kappa $ factor and the total low-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ yield is normalized to the high-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ yield to facilitate comparison of the shapes of the distributions. The vertical dashed line at $ {M_J} = $ 250 GeV shows the lower boundary of regions R1 and R3, while the vertical lines at higher ${M_J}$ values denote the lower ${M_J}$ boundaries of the signal regions R4A and R4B. The data are integrated over the ${N_{\text {b}}}$ and ${N_{\text {jets}}}$ signal bins. Two SUSY benchmark models are shown in the solid and dashed red histograms. |
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Figure 8-b:
Distributions of ${M_J}$ observed in data for 350 $ < {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} \leq $ 500 GeV in the $1\ell $ data for low- and high-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ regions. Events in the R2A and R2B regions at low ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ have been weighted by the relevant $\kappa $ factor and the total low-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ yield is normalized to the high-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ yield to facilitate comparison of the shapes of the distributions. The vertical dashed line at $ {M_J} = $ 250 GeV shows the lower boundary of regions R1 and R3, while the vertical lines at higher ${M_J}$ values denote the lower ${M_J}$ boundaries of the signal regions R4A and R4B. The data are integrated over the ${N_{\text {b}}}$ and ${N_{\text {jets}}}$ signal bins. Two SUSY benchmark models are shown in the solid and dashed red histograms. |
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Figure 8-c:
Distributions of ${M_J}$ observed in data for $ {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} > $ 500 GeV in the $1\ell $ data for low- and high-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ regions. Events in the R2A and R2B regions at low ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ have been weighted by the relevant $\kappa $ factor and the total low-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ yield is normalized to the high-${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ yield to facilitate comparison of the shapes of the distributions. The vertical dashed line at $ {M_J} = $ 250 GeV shows the lower boundary of regions R1 and R3, while the vertical lines at higher ${M_J}$ values denote the lower ${M_J}$ boundaries of the signal regions R4A and R4B. The data are integrated over the ${N_{\text {b}}}$ and ${N_{\text {jets}}}$ signal bins. Two SUSY benchmark models are shown in the solid and dashed red histograms. |
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Figure 9:
Observed and predicted event yields in each signal region. The open rectangles represent the prediction and uncertainty obtained using event yields from regions R1, R2, and R3 only (R1-R3 fit), while the hashed rectangles represent the prediction obtained when all regions are included in the fit (R1-R4 fit). The labels 1b, 2b, and $\geq $3b refer to $ {N_{\text {b}}} =$ 1, $ {N_{\text {b}}} =$ 2, and $ {N_{\text {b}}} \geq $ 3 bins, respectively. In both cases, all statistical and systematic uncertainties are included. The bottom panel shows the pulls for both fits, defined as $(N_\text {obs}-N_\text {pred})/\sqrt {\smash [b]{N_\text {pred}+(\sigma ^\text {sys}_\text {pred})^2}}$. |
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Figure 10:
Interpretation of the results in the T1tttt model. The colored regions show the upper limits (95% CL) on the production cross section for ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to {\mathrm{\tilde{g}}} {\mathrm{\tilde{g}}},{\mathrm{\tilde{g}}} \to {\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} \tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ in the ${m({\mathrm{\tilde{g}}})}$-${m(\tilde{\chi}^0_1)}$ plane. The curves show the expected and observed limits on the corresponding SUSY particle masses obtained by comparing the excluded cross section with theoretical cross sections. |
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Figure 11:
Interpretation of the results in the T5tttt model. The expected and observed upper limits do not take into account contributions from direct top squark pair production; however, its effect for $m(\tilde{\chi}^0_1) > $ 550 GeV is small. The T1tttt interpretation results are also shown for comparison. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Systematic uncertainties in the background correction factors $\kappa $ associated with each signal bin based on the control sample studies described in Sections 7.2 and 7.3 and combined according to Eq.(9). |
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Table 2:
Observed and predicted event yields for the signal regions (R4) and background regions (R1-R3) in the low-${M_J}$ ABCD planes. For the R1-R3 fit, the values given for R1, R2 and R3 correspond to the observed yields in those regions. Expected yields for the two SUSY benchmark scenarios, T1tttt(2100, 100) and T1tttt(1900, 1250), are also given. The uncertainties in the prediction account for the available statistics in the data control samples, the precision of $\kappa $ from MC, and the systematic uncertainties in $\kappa $ assessed from control samples in data. |
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Table 3:
Observed and predicted event yields for the signal regions (R4) and background regions (R1-R3) in the high-${M_J}$ ABCD planes. For the R1-R3 fit, the values given for R1, R2 and R3 correspond to the observed yields in those regions. Expected yields for the two SUSY benchmark scenarios, T1tttt(2100, 100) and T1tttt(1900, 1250), are also given. The uncertainties in the prediction account for the available statistics in the data control samples, the precision of $\kappa $ from MC, and the systematic uncertainties in $\kappa $ assessed from control samples in data. |
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Table 4:
Range of values for the systematic uncertainties in the signal efficiency and acceptance across sensitive bins, specifically across high ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$ signal bins for T1tttt(2100,100) and high ${N_{\text {jets}}}$ signal bins for T1tttt(1900,1250). Uncertainties due to a particular source are treated as fully correlated among bins, while uncertainties due to different sources are treated as uncorrelated. |
| Summary |
| A search is performed for an excess event yield above that expected for standard model processes using a data sample of proton-proton collision events with an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV. The experimental signature is characterized by a single isolated lepton, multiple jets, at least one b-tagged jet, and large missing transverse momentum. No significant excesses above the standard model backgrounds are observed. The results are interpreted in the framework of simplified models that describe natural supersymmetry scenarios. For gluino pair production followed by the three-body decay ${\mathrm{\tilde{g}}}\to\mathrm{t\bar{t}}\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ (T1tttt model), gluinos with masses below about 2150 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for neutralino masses up to 700 GeV. The highest excluded neutralino mass is about 1250 GeV. For the two-body gluino decay ${\mathrm{\tilde{g}}}\to\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_1\bar{\mathrm{t}}$ with $\tilde{\mathrm{t}}_1\to{\mathrm{t}}\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ (T5tttt model), the results are generally similar, except at low neutralino masses, where the excluded gluino mass is somewhat lower. These results extend previous gluino mass limits [19] from this search by about 250 GeV, due to both the data sample increase and the analysis reoptimization enabled by it. These mass limits are among the most stringent constraints on this supersymmetry model to date. |
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