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| CMS-SMP-14-011 ; CERN-EP-2016-289 | ||
| Measurement of electroweak-induced production of $\mathrm{ W }\gamma$ with two jets in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 8 TeV and constraints on anomalous quartic gauge couplings | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 29 December 2016 | ||
| JHEP 06 (2017) 106 | ||
| Abstract: A measurement of electroweak-induced production of $\mathrm{ W }\gamma$ and two jets is performed, where the W boson decays leptonically. The data used in the analysis correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb$^{-1}$ collected by the CMS experiment in $ \sqrt{s} = $ 8 TeV proton-proton collisions produced at the LHC. Candidate events are selected with exactly one muon or electron, missing transverse momentum, one photon, and two jets with large rapidity separation. An excess over the hypothesis of the standard model without electroweak production of $\mathrm{ W }\gamma$ with two jets is observed with a significance of 2.7 standard deviations, corresponding to an upper limit on the electroweak signal strength of 4.3 times the standard model expectation at 95% confidence level. The cross section measured in the fiducial region is 10.8 $\pm$ 4.1 (stat) $\pm$ 3.4 (syst) $\pm$ 0.3 (lumi) fb, which is consistent with the standard model electroweak prediction. The total cross section for $\mathrm{ W }\gamma$ in association with two jets in the same fiducial region is measured to be 23.2 $\pm$ 4.3 (stat) $\pm$ 1.7 (syst) $\pm$ 0.6 (lumi) fb, which is consistent with the standard model prediction from the combination of electroweak- and quantum chromodynamics-induced processes. No deviations are observed from the standard model predictions and experimental limits on anomalous quartic gauge couplings $f_{M,0-7}/\Lambda^4$, $f_{T,0-2}/\Lambda^4$, and $f_{T,5-7}/\Lambda^4$ are set at 95% confidence level. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1612.09256 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Representative diagrams for EW $\mathrm{ W } \gamma $+2 jets production at the LHC corresponding to (a) bremsstrahlung, (b) bremsstrahlung with triple gauge coupling, and (c) VBS with quartic coupling. |
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Figure 1-a:
Representative diagram for EW $\mathrm{ W } \gamma $+2 jets production at the LHC corresponding to bremsstrahlung. |
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Figure 1-b:
Representative diagram for EW $\mathrm{ W } \gamma $+2 jets production at the LHC corresponding to bremsstrahlung with triple gauge coupling. |
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Figure 1-c:
Representative diagram for EW $\mathrm{ W } \gamma $+2 jets production at the LHC corresponding to VBS with quartic coupling. |
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Figure 2:
The $m_{jj}$ distributions in orthogonal, but signal-like, regions obtained by inverting the signal selection criteria: $ {| \Delta \eta (j1,j2) | }< $ 2.4; $ {| y_{\mathrm{ W } \gamma } -(y_{j1} + y_{j2})/2 | }> $ 0.6; and $|\Delta \phi _{\mathrm {W}\gamma ,jj}|< $ 2.6 rad. Events from electron and muon channels are combined. Backgrounds from jets misidentified as photons ($\text {Jets} \to \gamma $) and jets misidentified as electrons ($\text {Jets} \to \mathrm{ e } $) are estimated from data as described in the text. The diboson contribution includes WV(+$\gamma $) and ${\mathrm{ Z } } \gamma $(+jets) processes. The top quark contribution includes both the ${\mathrm{ t } {}\mathrm{ \bar{t} } } \gamma $ and single top quark processes. The signal contribution is shown on top of the backgrounds. The last bin includes the overflow events. The shaded area represents the total uncertainty in the simulation, including statistical and systematic effects. |
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Figure 2-a:
The $m_{jj}$ distribution in en orthogonal, but signal-like, region obtained by inverting the signal selection criteria $ {| \Delta \eta (j1,j2) | }< $ 2.4. Events from electron and muon channels are combined. Backgrounds from jets misidentified as photons ($\text {Jets} \to \gamma $) and jets misidentified as electrons ($\text {Jets} \to \mathrm{ e } $) are estimated from data as described in the text. The diboson contribution includes WV(+$\gamma $) and ${\mathrm{ Z } } \gamma $(+jets) processes. The top quark contribution includes both the ${\mathrm{ t } {}\mathrm{ \bar{t} } } \gamma $ and single top quark processes. The signal contribution is shown on top of the backgrounds. The last bin includes the overflow events. The shaded area represents the total uncertainty in the simulation, including statistical and systematic effects. |
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Figure 2-b:
The $m_{jj}$ distribution in en orthogonal, but signal-like, region obtained by inverting the signal selection criteria $ {| y_{\mathrm{ W } \gamma } -(y_{j1} + y_{j2})/2 | }> $ 0.6. Events from electron and muon channels are combined. Backgrounds from jets misidentified as photons ($\text {Jets} \to \gamma $) and jets misidentified as electrons ($\text {Jets} \to \mathrm{ e } $) are estimated from data as described in the text. The diboson contribution includes WV(+$\gamma $) and ${\mathrm{ Z } } \gamma $(+jets) processes. The top quark contribution includes both the ${\mathrm{ t } {}\mathrm{ \bar{t} } } \gamma $ and single top quark processes. The signal contribution is shown on top of the backgrounds. The last bin includes the overflow events. The shaded area represents the total uncertainty in the simulation, including statistical and systematic effects. |
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Figure 2-c:
The $m_{jj}$ distribution in en orthogonal, but signal-like, region obtained by inverting the signal selection criteria $|\Delta \phi _{\mathrm {W}\gamma ,jj}|< $ 2.6 rad. Events from electron and muon channels are combined. Backgrounds from jets misidentified as photons ($\text {Jets} \to \gamma $) and jets misidentified as electrons ($\text {Jets} \to \mathrm{ e } $) are estimated from data as described in the text. The diboson contribution includes WV(+$\gamma $) and ${\mathrm{ Z } } \gamma $(+jets) processes. The top quark contribution includes both the ${\mathrm{ t } {}\mathrm{ \bar{t} } } \gamma $ and single top quark processes. The signal contribution is shown on top of the backgrounds. The last bin includes the overflow events. The shaded area represents the total uncertainty in the simulation, including statistical and systematic effects. |
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Figure 3:
The $m_{jj}$ distribution in the muon (left) and electron (right) channels, in which the signal region lies above 700 GeV, indicated by the horizontal thick arrows. Backgrounds from jets misidentified as photons (Jets $\to \gamma $) and jets misidentified as electrons (Jets $\to \mathrm{ e } $) are estimated from data as described in the text. The diboson contribution includes WV(+$\gamma $) and ${\mathrm{ Z } } \gamma $(+jets) processes. The top quark contribution includes both the ${\mathrm{ t } {}\mathrm{ \bar{t} } } \gamma $ and single top quark processes. The signal contribution is shown on top of the backgrounds. The last bin includes the overflow events. The hatched error band represents the sum in quadrature of statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background yield. The uncertainty in the ratio plot corresponds to this hatched error. |
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Figure 3-a:
The $m_{jj}$ distribution in the muon channel, in which the signal region lies above 700 GeV, indicated by the horizontal thick arrows. Backgrounds from jets misidentified as photons (Jets $\to \gamma $) and jets misidentified as electrons (Jets $\to \mathrm{ e } $) are estimated from data as described in the text. The diboson contribution includes WV(+$\gamma $) and ${\mathrm{ Z } } \gamma $(+jets) processes. The top quark contribution includes both the ${\mathrm{ t } {}\mathrm{ \bar{t} } } \gamma $ and single top quark processes. The signal contribution is shown on top of the backgrounds. The last bin includes the overflow events. The hatched error band represents the sum in quadrature of statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background yield. The uncertainty in the ratio plot corresponds to this hatched error. |
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Figure 3-b:
The $m_{jj}$ distribution in the electron channel, in which the signal region lies above 700 GeV, indicated by the horizontal thick arrows. Backgrounds from jets misidentified as photons (Jets $\to \gamma $) and jets misidentified as electrons (Jets $\to \mathrm{ e } $) are estimated from data as described in the text. The diboson contribution includes WV(+$\gamma $) and ${\mathrm{ Z } } \gamma $(+jets) processes. The top quark contribution includes both the ${\mathrm{ t } {}\mathrm{ \bar{t} } } \gamma $ and single top quark processes. The signal contribution is shown on top of the backgrounds. The last bin includes the overflow events. The hatched error band represents the sum in quadrature of statistical and systematic uncertainties on the background yield. The uncertainty in the ratio plot corresponds to this hatched error. |
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Figure 4:
Comparison of predicted and observed $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm{ W } }$ distributions with the combined electron and muon channels. The last $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm{ W } }$ bin has been extended to include the overflow contribution. The dash-dotted line depicts a representative signal distribution with anomalous coupling parameter $f_{M,0}/\Lambda ^{4}=$ 44 TeV$^{-4}$ and the dashed line shows the same distribution corresponding to the SM case. The bands represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties in signal and background predictions summed in quadrature. The data are shown with statistical uncertainties only. |
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Figure 5-a:
Comparison of the limits on the dimension-eight aQGC parameters obtained from this study $\mathrm{ W } \gamma $, together with results from the production of WV$\gamma $ [14], same-sign WW [17], exclusive $\gamma \gamma \to \mathrm{ W } \mathrm{ W } $ in ATLAS and CMS [15,77,19], and $\mathrm{ W } \gamma \gamma $ in ATLAS [30]. The limits from the CMS experiment are represented by thicker lines. The limits that are translated from another formalism are represented with dashed lines; details are found in Ref. [14]. |
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Figure 5-b:
Comparison of the limits on the dimension-eight aQGC parameters obtained from this study $\mathrm{ W } \gamma $, together with results from the production of WV$\gamma $ [14], same-sign WW [17], exclusive $\gamma \gamma \to \mathrm{ W } \mathrm{ W } $ in ATLAS and CMS [15,77,19], and $\mathrm{ W } \gamma \gamma $ in ATLAS [30]. The limits from the CMS experiment are represented by thicker lines. The limits that are translated from another formalism are represented with dashed lines; details are found in Ref. [14]. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of the baseline selection criteria. |
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Table 2:
Number of events for each process, with combined statistical and systematic uncertainties. The total prediction represents the sum of all the individual contributions. The W+jets background, with one jet misidentified as an electron, is negligible in the signal region. |
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Table 3:
Summary of the measured and predicted observables. |
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Table 4:
Observed and expected shape-based exclusion limits for the aQGC parameters at 95% CL, without any form factors. |
| Summary |
| A search for EW-induced $\mathrm{ W }\gamma$+2 jets production and aQGCs has been presented based on events containing a W boson that decays to a lepton and a neutrino, a hard photon, and two jets with large pseudorapidity separation. The data analyzed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb$^{-1}$ collected in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 8 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. An excess is observed above the expectation from QCD-induced $\mathrm{ W }\gamma$+2 jets and other backgrounds, with an observed (expected) significance of 2.7 (1.5) standard deviations. The corresponding cross section within the VBS-like fiducial region is measured to be 10.8 $\pm$ 4.1 (stat) $\pm$ 3.4 (syst) $\pm$ 0.3 (lumi) fb, which is consistent with the SM prediction of EW-induced signal. In the same fiducial region, the total cross section for $\mathrm{ W }\gamma$+2 jets is measured to be 23.2 $\pm$ 4.3 (stat) $\pm$ 1.7 (syst) $\pm$ 0.6 (lumi) fb, which is consistent with the SM EW+QCD prediction. Exclusion limits for aQGC parameters $f_{M,0-7}/\Lambda^4$, $f_{T,0-2}/\Lambda^4$, and $f_{T,5-7}/\Lambda^4$ are set at 95% CL. Competitive limits are obtained for several parameters and first limits are set on the $f_{M,4}/\Lambda^4$ and $f_{T,5-7}/\Lambda^4$ parameters. |
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