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| CMS-EXO-16-050 ; CERN-EP-2018-287 | ||
| Search for dark matter produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying to a pair of bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 16 November 2018 | ||
| Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 280 | ||
| Abstract: A search for dark matter produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying to a pair of bottom quarks is performed in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The analyzed data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The signal is characterized by a large missing transverse momentum recoiling against a bottom quark-antiquark system that has a large Lorentz boost. The number of events observed in the data is consistent with the standard model background prediction. Results are interpreted in terms of limits both on parameters of the type-2 two-Higgs doublet model extended by an additional light pseudoscalar boson $ \mathrm{a} $ (2HDM+$ \mathrm{a} $) and on parameters of a baryonic Z' simplified model. The 2HDM+$ \mathrm{a} $ model is tested experimentally for the first time. For the baryonic Z' model, the presented results constitute the most stringent constraints to date. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1811.06562 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Feynman diagrams for the 2HDM+$ {\mathrm {a}}$ model (left) and the baryonic Z' model (right). In both models, the scalar h can be identified with the observed 125 GeV Higgs boson. |
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Figure 1-a:
Feynman diagram for the 2HDM+$ {\mathrm {a}}$ model. The scalar h can be identified with the observed 125 GeV Higgs boson. |
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Figure 1-b:
Feynman diagram for the baryonic Z' model. The scalar h can be identified with the observed 125 GeV Higgs boson. |
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Figure 2:
The $N_2^\text {DDT}$ distribution as expected for CA15 jets originating from a Higgs boson decaying to a $ {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}} $ pair (solid red) is compared with the expected distribution for CA15 jets originating from the decay products of top quarks decaying hadronically (dotted grey). The distribution corresponding to CA15 jets that do not originate from a heavy resonance decay is also shown (dashed blue). |
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Figure 3:
The $ {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} $ distribution in the signal region before and after a likelihood fit. The data are in agreement with post-fit background predictions for the SM backgrounds, and no significant excess is observed. The dashed red histogram corresponds to the pre-fit estimate for the SM backgrounds. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 4:
The $U$ distribution in the electron control regions before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. For the distributions on the left the CA15 jet passes the double-b tag requirement and for the distributions on the right it fails the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 4-a:
The $U$ distribution in the dielectron control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet passes the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 4-b:
The $U$ distribution in the dielectron control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet fails the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 4-c:
The $U$ distribution in the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ (electron) control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet passes the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 4-d:
The $U$ distribution in the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ (electron) control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet fails the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 4-e:
The $U$ distribution in the W (electron) control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet passes the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 4-f:
The $U$ distribution in the W (electron) control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet fails fails the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 5:
The $U$ distribution in the muon control regions before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. For the distributions on the left the CA15 jet passes the double-b tag requirement and for the distributions on the right it fails the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 5-a:
The $U$ distribution in the dimuon control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet passes the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 5-b:
The $U$ distribution in the dimuon control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet fails the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 5-c:
The $U$ distribution in the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ (muon) control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet passes the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 5-d:
The $U$ distribution in the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ (muon) control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet fails the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 5-e:
The $U$ distribution in the W (muon) control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet passes the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 5-f:
The $U$ distribution in the W (muon) control region before and after a background-only fit to data, including the data in the signal region in the likelihood. In this distribution the CA15 jet fails the double-b tag requirement. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the predicted SM background, before and after the fit. |
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Figure 6:
Upper limits at 95% CL on the signal strength modifier, defined as $\mu =\sigma /\sigma _\text {theory}$, where $\sigma _\text {theory}$ is the predicted production cross section of DM candidates in association with a Higgs boson and $\sigma $ is the upper limit on the observed cross section. Limits are shown for the 2HDM+$ {\mathrm {a}}$ model when scanning $m_ {\mathrm {A}} $ and $m_ {\mathrm {a}} $ (upper left), the mixing angle $\theta $ (upper right), or $\tan\beta $ (lower). The uncertainty in the computation of $\sigma _\text {theory}$ is 20% and is shown as a red band around the exclusion line at $\mu =$ 1. |
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Figure 6-a:
Upper limits at 95% CL on the signal strength modifier, defined as $\mu =\sigma /\sigma _\text {theory}$, where $\sigma _\text {theory}$ is the predicted production cross section of DM candidates in association with a Higgs boson and $\sigma $ is the upper limit on the observed cross section. Limits are shown for the 2HDM+$ {\mathrm {a}}$ model when scanning $m_ {\mathrm {A}} $ and $m_ {\mathrm {a}} $. The uncertainty in the computation of $\sigma _\text {theory}$ is 20% and is shown as a red band around the exclusion line at $\mu =$ 1. |
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Figure 6-b:
Upper limits at 95% CL on the signal strength modifier, defined as $\mu =\sigma /\sigma _\text {theory}$, where $\sigma _\text {theory}$ is the predicted production cross section of DM candidates in association with a Higgs boson and $\sigma $ is the upper limit on the observed cross section. Limits are shown for the 2HDM+$ {\mathrm {a}}$ model when scanning the mixing angle $\theta $. The uncertainty in the computation of $\sigma _\text {theory}$ is 20% and is shown as a red band around the exclusion line at $\mu =$ 1. |
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Figure 6-c:
Upper limits at 95% CL on the signal strength modifier, defined as $\mu =\sigma /\sigma _\text {theory}$, where $\sigma _\text {theory}$ is the predicted production cross section of DM candidates in association with a Higgs boson and $\sigma $ is the upper limit on the observed cross section. Limits are shown for the 2HDM+$ {\mathrm {a}}$ model when scanning $\tan\beta $. The uncertainty in the computation of $\sigma _\text {theory}$ is 20% and is shown as a red band around the exclusion line at $\mu =$ 1. |
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Figure 7:
Upper limits at 95% CL on the signal strength modifier, defined as $\mu =\sigma /\sigma _\text {theory}$, where $\sigma _\text {theory}$ is the predicted production cross section of DM candidates in association with a Higgs boson and $\sigma $ is the upper limit on the observed cross section. Limits are shown for the baryonic Z' model as a function of $m_{{\mathrm {Z}'}}$ and $m_\chi $. Mediators of up to 1.6 TeV are excluded for a DM mass of 1 GeV. Masses of the DM particle itself are excluded up to 430 GeV for a Z' mass of 1.25 TeV. |
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Figure 8:
The 90% CL exclusion limits on the DM-nucleon SI scattering cross section as a function of $m_{\chi}$. Results for the baryonic Z' model obtained in this analysis are compared with those from a selection of direct detection (DD) experiments. The latter exclude the regions above the curves. Limits from CRESST-II [67], CDMSlite [68], LUX [69], XENON-1T [70], PandaX-II [71], and CDEX-10 [72] are shown. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Event selection criteria defining the signal and control regions. These criteria are applied in addition to the preselection common to all regions, as described in the text. The presence of a b-tagged AK4 jet that does not overlap with the CA15 jet is vetoed in all analysis regions except for the single-lepton CR enriched in $ {{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}} $ events, for which such an AK4 b tag is required. |
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Table 2:
Sources of systematic uncertainty, along with the type (rate/shape) of uncertainty and the affected processes. For the rate uncertainties, the percentage value of the prior is quoted. The last column denotes the improvement in the expected limit when removing the uncertainty group from the list of nuisances included in the likelihood fit. Such improvement is estimated considering as signal processes the 2HDM+$ {\mathrm {a}}$ model with $m_ {\mathrm {A}} = $ 1.1 TeV and $m_ {\mathrm {a}} = $ 150 GeV and the baryonic Z' model with $m_{{\mathrm {Z}'}} = $ 0.2 TeV and $m_\chi = $ 50 GeV. |
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Table 3:
Post-fit event yield expectations per $ {{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} $ bin for the SM backgrounds in the signal region when including the signal region data in the likelihood fit, under the background-only assumption. Also quoted are the expected yields for two signal models. Uncertainties quoted in the predictions include both the systematic and statistical components. |
| Summary |
| A search for dark matter (DM) produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying to a pair of bottom quarks in a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ is presented. No significant deviation from the predictions of the standard model is observed, and 95% CL upper limits on the production cross sections predicted by a type-2 two-Higgs doublet model extended by an additional light pseudoscalar boson $ \mathrm{a} $ (2HDM+$ \mathrm{a} $) and by the baryonic Z' model are established. These limits constitute the most stringent exclusions from collider experiments placed on the parameters of these models to date. The 2HDM+$ \mathrm{a} $ model is probed experimentally for the first time. For the nominal choice of the mixing angles $\sin\theta$ and $\tan\beta$ in the 2HDM+$ \mathrm{a} $ model, the search excludes masses 500 $ < m_{\mathrm{A}} < $ 900 GeV (where $A$ is the heavy pseudoscalar boson) assuming $m_{ \mathrm{a} } = $ 150 GeV. Scanning over $\sin\theta$ with $\tan\beta$ = 1, we exclude 0.35 $ < \sin\theta < $ 0.75 for $m_{\mathrm{A}} = $ 600 GeV and $m_{ \mathrm{a} } = $ 200 GeV. Finally, $\tan\beta$ values between 0.5 and 2.0 (1.6) are excluded for $m_{\mathrm{A}} = $ 600 GeV and $m_{ \mathrm{a} }= $ 100 (150) GeV and $\sin\theta > $ 0.35. In all 2HDM+$ \mathrm{a} $ interpretations, a DM mass of $m_\chi = $ 10 GeV is assumed. For the baryonic Z' model, we exclude Z' boson masses up to 1.6 TeV for a DM mass of 1 GeV, and DM masses up to 430 GeV for a Z' boson mass of 1.1 TeV. The reinterpretation of the results for the baryonic Z' model in terms of an SI nucleon scattering cross section yields a higher sensitivity for $m_\chi < $ 5 GeV than existing results from direct detection experiments, under the assumptions imposed by the model. |
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