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| CMS-B2G-17-004 ; CERN-EP-2018-169 | ||
| Search for heavy resonances decaying into a vector boson and a Higgs boson in final states with charged leptons, neutrinos and b quarks at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 8 July 2018 | ||
| JHEP 11 (2018) 172 | ||
| Abstract: A search for heavy resonances, decaying into the standard model vector bosons and the standard model Higgs boson, is presented. The final states considered contain a b quark-antiquark pair from the decay of the Higgs boson, along with electrons and muons and missing transverse momentum, due to undetected neutrinos, from the decay of the vector bosons. The mass spectra are used to search for a localized excess consistent with a resonant particle. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ collected in 2016 by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data are found to be consistent with background expectations. Exclusion limits are set in the context of spin-0 two Higgs doublet models, some of which include the presence of dark matter. In the spin-1 heavy vector triplet framework, mass-degenerate W' and Z' resonances with dominant couplings to the standard model gauge bosons are excluded below a mass of 2.9 TeV at 95% confidence level. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1807.02826 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
The leading order Feynman diagrams of the processes considered: heavy spin-1 vector boson production (V') and decay to an SM vector boson (V) and a Higgs boson (h) in the HVT framework (upper left); Z' boson that decays to a Higgs boson and an A boson, with the latter decaying into dark matter particles ($\chi \overline {\chi}$), predicted by the Z'-2HDM model (upper right); production within the 2HDM model of a pseudoscalar A boson through gluon-gluon fusion (lower left) and with accompanying b quarks (lower right). |
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Figure 1-a:
Leading order Feynman diagram of the heavy spin-1 vector boson production (V') and decay to an SM vector boson (V) and a Higgs boson (h) in the HVT framework. |
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Figure 1-b:
Leading order Feynman diagram of the Z' boson production and decay to a Higgs boson and an A boson, with the latter decaying into dark matter particles ($\chi \overline {\chi}$), predicted by the Z'-2HDM model. |
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Figure 1-c:
Leading order Feynman diagram of the production within the 2HDM model of a pseudoscalar A boson through gluon-gluon fusion. |
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Figure 1-d:
Leading order Feynman diagram of the production within the 2HDM model of a pseudoscalar A boson with accompanying b quarks. |
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Figure 2:
The product of acceptance and efficiency for the various signal processes and for different assumed masses of the resonances $m_{{\mathrm {V'}}}$ or $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} $. The dash-dotted and solid lines indicate spin-0 and spin-1 resonances, respectively, in different production or decay modes. The dashed line represents the spin-1 resonance in the Z'-2HDM model with $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV. The efficiencies are derived by considering only the relevant decay modes of the vector bosons (e, $\mu $, or $\tau $), and represent the sum of the efficiencies in the 1 and 2 b tag categories. |
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Figure 3:
Soft-drop jet mass distribution of the leading AK8 jet in the 0$\ell $ (upper), 1$\ell $ (middle), and 2$\ell $ (lower) categories, and separately for the 1 (left) and 2 (right) b-tagged subjet selections. The electron and muon categories are merged together. The shaded band represents the uncertainty from the fit to data in the jet mass sidebands. The observed data are indicated by black markers. The dashed vertical lines separate the lower (LSB) and upper (HSB) sidebands, the signal region (SR), and the W and Z bosons mass region (VR); the latter is not used in the fit to avoid biases from $ {\mathrm {X}} \to {\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {V}} $ signals. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 3-a:
Soft-drop jet mass distribution of the leading AK8 jet in the 0$\ell $ category, for the 1 b-tagged subjet selections. The electron and muon categories are merged together. The shaded band represents the uncertainty from the fit to data in the jet mass sidebands. The observed data are indicated by black markers. The dashed vertical lines separate the lower (LSB) and upper (HSB) sidebands, the signal region (SR), and the W and Z bosons mass region (VR); the latter is not used in the fit to avoid biases from $ {\mathrm {X}} \to {\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {V}} $ signals. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 3-b:
Soft-drop jet mass distribution of the leading AK8 jet in the 0$\ell $ category, for the 2 b-tagged subjet selections. The electron and muon categories are merged together. The shaded band represents the uncertainty from the fit to data in the jet mass sidebands. The observed data are indicated by black markers. The dashed vertical lines separate the lower (LSB) and upper (HSB) sidebands, the signal region (SR), and the W and Z bosons mass region (VR); the latter is not used in the fit to avoid biases from $ {\mathrm {X}} \to {\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {V}} $ signals. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 3-c:
Soft-drop jet mass distribution of the leading AK8 jet in the 1$\ell $ category, for the 1 b-tagged subjet selections. The electron and muon categories are merged together. The shaded band represents the uncertainty from the fit to data in the jet mass sidebands. The observed data are indicated by black markers. The dashed vertical lines separate the lower (LSB) and upper (HSB) sidebands, the signal region (SR), and the W and Z bosons mass region (VR); the latter is not used in the fit to avoid biases from $ {\mathrm {X}} \to {\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {V}} $ signals. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 3-d:
Soft-drop jet mass distribution of the leading AK8 jet in the 2$\ell $ category, for the 2 b-tagged subjet selections. The electron and muon categories are merged together. The shaded band represents the uncertainty from the fit to data in the jet mass sidebands. The observed data are indicated by black markers. The dashed vertical lines separate the lower (LSB) and upper (HSB) sidebands, the signal region (SR), and the W and Z bosons mass region (VR); the latter is not used in the fit to avoid biases from $ {\mathrm {X}} \to {\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {V}} $ signals. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 3-e:
Soft-drop jet mass distribution of the leading AK8 jet in the 2$\ell $ category, for the 1 b-tagged subjet selections. The electron and muon categories are merged together. The shaded band represents the uncertainty from the fit to data in the jet mass sidebands. The observed data are indicated by black markers. The dashed vertical lines separate the lower (LSB) and upper (HSB) sidebands, the signal region (SR), and the W and Z bosons mass region (VR); the latter is not used in the fit to avoid biases from $ {\mathrm {X}} \to {\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {V}} $ signals. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 3-f:
Soft-drop jet mass distribution of the leading AK8 jet in the 2$\ell $ category, for the 2 b-tagged subjet selections. The electron and muon categories are merged together. The shaded band represents the uncertainty from the fit to data in the jet mass sidebands. The observed data are indicated by black markers. The dashed vertical lines separate the lower (LSB) and upper (HSB) sidebands, the signal region (SR), and the W and Z bosons mass region (VR); the latter is not used in the fit to avoid biases from $ {\mathrm {X}} \to {\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {V}} $ signals. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 4:
Resonance transverse mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {h}}}^\mathrm {T}} $ distributions in the 0$\ell $ category (upper) and candidate mass ${m_{{\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ in the 1$\ell $ (middle), and 2$\ell $ (lower) categories, and separately for the 1 (left) and 2 (right) b-tagged subjet selections. Electron and muon categories are merged together. The expected background events are shown as filled areas, and the shaded band represents the total background uncertainty. The observed data are indicated by black markers, and the potential contribution of a resonance produced in the context of the HVT model B with $ {g_\text {V}} =3$, or a Z'-2HDM signal with $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV, $m_\chi = $ 100 GeV, and $g_{{\mathrm {Z}'}}=0.8$, are shown as dotted red lines. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 4-a:
Resonance transverse mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {h}}}^\mathrm {T}} $ distributions in the 0$\ell $ category, for the 1 b-tagged subjet selection. Electron and muon categories are merged together. The expected background events are shown as filled areas, and the shaded band represents the total background uncertainty. The observed data are indicated by black markers, and the potential contribution of a resonance produced in the context of the HVT model B with $ {g_\text {V}} =3$, or a Z'-2HDM signal with $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV, $m_\chi = $ 100 GeV, and $g_{{\mathrm {Z}'}}=0.8$, are shown as dotted red lines. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 4-b:
Resonance transverse mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {h}}}^\mathrm {T}} $ distributions in the 0$\ell $ category, for the 2 b-tagged subjet selection. Electron and muon categories are merged together. The expected background events are shown as filled areas, and the shaded band represents the total background uncertainty. The observed data are indicated by black markers, and the potential contribution of a resonance produced in the context of the HVT model B with $ {g_\text {V}} =3$, or a Z'-2HDM signal with $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV, $m_\chi = $ 100 GeV, and $g_{{\mathrm {Z}'}}=0.8$, are shown as dotted red lines. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 4-c:
Candidate mass ${m_{{\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ in the 1$\ell $ category, for the 1 b-tagged subjet selection. Electron and muon categories are merged together. The expected background events are shown as filled areas, and the shaded band represents the total background uncertainty. The observed data are indicated by black markers, and the potential contribution of a resonance produced in the context of the HVT model B with $ {g_\text {V}} =3$, or a Z'-2HDM signal with $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV, $m_\chi = $ 100 GeV, and $g_{{\mathrm {Z}'}}=0.8$, are shown as dotted red lines. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 4-d:
Candidate mass ${m_{{\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ in the 1$\ell $ category, for the 2 b-tagged subjet selection. Electron and muon categories are merged together. The expected background events are shown as filled areas, and the shaded band represents the total background uncertainty. The observed data are indicated by black markers, and the potential contribution of a resonance produced in the context of the HVT model B with $ {g_\text {V}} =3$, or a Z'-2HDM signal with $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV, $m_\chi = $ 100 GeV, and $g_{{\mathrm {Z}'}}=0.8$, are shown as dotted red lines. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 4-e:
Candidate mass ${m_{{\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ in the 2$\ell $ category, for the 1 b-tagged subjet selection. Electron and muon categories are merged together. The expected background events are shown as filled areas, and the shaded band represents the total background uncertainty. The observed data are indicated by black markers, and the potential contribution of a resonance produced in the context of the HVT model B with $ {g_\text {V}} =3$, or a Z'-2HDM signal with $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV, $m_\chi = $ 100 GeV, and $g_{{\mathrm {Z}'}}=0.8$, are shown as dotted red lines. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 4-f:
Candidate mass ${m_{{\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ in the 2$\ell $ category, for the 2 b-tagged subjet selection. Electron and muon categories are merged together. The expected background events are shown as filled areas, and the shaded band represents the total background uncertainty. The observed data are indicated by black markers, and the potential contribution of a resonance produced in the context of the HVT model B with $ {g_\text {V}} =3$, or a Z'-2HDM signal with $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV, $m_\chi = $ 100 GeV, and $g_{{\mathrm {Z}'}}=0.8$, are shown as dotted red lines. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data, as given by the Garwood interval [73]. |
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Figure 5:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma ({\mathrm {W}'}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {W}'} \to {\mathrm {W}} {\mathrm {h}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({{\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}}})$ (left) and $\sigma ({\mathrm {Z}'}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {Z}'} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({{\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}}})$ (right) for various mass hypotheses of a single narrow spin-1 resonance. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation (std.) variations on the expected limits. The solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the product of the cross sections and the branching fractions predicted by the HVT models A and B and the relative uncertainties. |
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Figure 5-a:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma ({\mathrm {W}'}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {W}'} \to {\mathrm {W}} {\mathrm {h}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({{\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}}})$ for various mass hypotheses of a single narrow spin-1 resonance. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation (std.) variations on the expected limits. The solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the product of the cross sections and the branching fractions predicted by the HVT models A and B and the relative uncertainties. |
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Figure 5-b:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma ({\mathrm {Z}'}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {Z}'} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({{\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}}})$ for various mass hypotheses of a single narrow spin-1 resonance. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation (std.) variations on the expected limits. The solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the product of the cross sections and the branching fractions predicted by the HVT models A and B and the relative uncertainties. |
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Figure 6:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on $\sigma ({\mathrm {X}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {X}} \to {{\mathrm {V}} {\mathrm {h}}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({{\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}}})$ as a function of the HVT triplet mass, for the combination of all the considered channels. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation (std.) variations on the expected limit. The solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the cross sections predicted by the HVT models A and B and the relative uncertainties. |
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Figure 7:
Observed exclusion limits in the HVT parameter plane $\left [ {g_\text {V}} {c_\text {H}}, \ g^2 {c_\text {F}} / {g_\text {V}} \right ]$ for three different resonance masses (1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 TeV). The benchmark scenarios corresponding to HVT models A and B are represented by a purple cross and a red point. The areas bounded by the thin black contour lines correspond to the regions where the resonance natural width ($\Gamma _{{\mathrm {V'}}}$) is predicted to be larger than the typical experimental resolution (4%), and the narrow-width approximation is no longer valid. |
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Figure 8:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on $\sigma ({\mathrm {A}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})$ as a function of $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} $ for the combination of the 0$\ell $ and 2$\ell $ channels. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation (std.) variations on the expected limit. The solid line represent the exclusion for a spin-0 signal produced through gluon-gluon fusion, and dashed line represent the b quark associated production. The solid lines and their shaded areas represent the corresponding values predicted by the Type-I and Type-II 2HDM model fixing the parameters $ {\cos(\beta -\alpha)} =0.25$ and $\tan\beta =1$ parameters. In this scenario, the b quark associated production is negligible, and the A boson is predominantly produced through gluon-gluon fusion. |
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Figure 9:
Observed and expected exclusion limit for Type-I (left) and Type-II (right) 2HDM models in the [$ {\tan\beta}$, ${\cos(\beta -\alpha)} $] plane and assuming a fixed $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 1 TeV. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation (std.) variations on the expected limit. The contour lines and associated shading identify regions with different resonance natural width (5, 10, and 20% of the resonance mass). |
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Figure 9-a:
Observed and expected exclusion limit for Type-I 2HDM models in the [$ {\tan\beta}$, ${\cos(\beta -\alpha)} $] plane and assuming a fixed $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 1 TeV. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation (std.) variations on the expected limit. The contour lines and associated shading identify regions with different resonance natural width (5, 10, and 20% of the resonance mass). |
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Figure 9-b:
Observed and expected exclusion limit for Type-II 2HDM models in the [$ {\tan\beta}$, ${\cos(\beta -\alpha)} $] plane and assuming a fixed $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 1 TeV. The inner green and outer yellow bands represent the ${\pm}$1 and ${\pm}$2 standard deviation (std.) variations on the expected limit. The contour lines and associated shading identify regions with different resonance natural width (5, 10, and 20% of the resonance mass). |
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Figure 10:
Observed and expected exclusions in the parameter plane [$m_{{\mathrm {Z}'}}, m_ A $] at 95% CL. The excluded regions in the considered benchmark scenario ($g_{{\mathrm {Z}'}} = 0.8$, $g_\chi = 1$, $\tan\beta = 1$, $m_\chi = $ 100 GeV, and $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = {m_{{\mathrm {H}}}} = {m_{{\mathrm {H}} ^\pm}} $) are represented by the areas below the curve. The hatched band relative to the observed limit represents the uncertainty on the signal cross section. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
The scale factors (SF) derived to correct for the event yields of the ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ and t+X backgrounds in simulation for different top quark control regions. The uncertainties arising from the limited size of the data samples (stat.) and systematic effects (syst.), described in Section 7, are reported. |
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Table 2:
The expected and observed numbers of events in the signal regions depicted in Fig. 3 are reported for the different event categories, along with the associated uncertainties from four sources: the V+jets background uncertainty obtained from the correlated variation of the fit parameters used in the background model (fit); the uncertainty associated with the choice of fit function, estimated by comparing the nominal and an alternative function (alt); the statistical component of the uncertainties of the top quark scale factors, and the extrapolation uncertainty from the control regions to the SR; the VV normalization uncertainties relative to the the normalization and ${m_{\mathrm {j}}}$ modeling. A detailed description of the systematic uncertainties is provided in Section 7. |
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Table 3:
Summary of systematic uncertainties for the backgrounds and signal samples. The entries labeled are also propagated to the shapes of the distributions. The uncertainties marked with $\dagger $ have impact on the signal cross section. Uncertainties marked with $\ddagger $ only affect the top quark background scale factors. |
| Summary |
| A search for resonances with masses between 800 and 4500 GeV, decaying to a standard model vector boson and the standard model Higgs boson, has been presented. The data sample was collected by the CMS experiment at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV, and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The final states contain the leptonic decays of the vector bosons, in events with zero, exactly one, or two electrons or muons. The $ {m_{\mathrm{V} \mathrm{h}}} $ or $ {m_{\mathrm{V} \mathrm{h}}^\mathrm{T}} $ mass spectra are used to fit for a localized excess consistent with a resonant signal, and no significant excess of events above the background predictions is observed. Depending on the resonance mass, upper limits in the range 0.8-60 fb are set on the product of the cross sections and the branching fractions for the decay of the resonance into a Higgs boson and a vector boson, and with the subsequent decay of the Higgs boson into a pair of b quarks. Within the heavy vector triplet framework, vector bosons with a mass lower than 2.8 and 2.9 TeV are excluded for benchmark models A and B, respectively. The results of this search also provide an exclusion in the two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) parameter space up to 2 TeV. A heavy pseudoscalar boson with mass lower than 1.1 and 1.2 TeV is excluded in the ${\cos(\beta-\alpha)} = $ 0.25 and $\tan\beta= $ 1 scenario for Type-I and Type-II 2HDM, respectively. A significant reduction of the allowed parameter space is also placed on the Z'-2HDM model that includes a dark matter candidate, excluding a Z' boson mass up to 3.3 TeV and a pseudoscalar boson A with mass up to 0.8 TeV in the considered benchmark scenario. These are the most stringent limits placed on the Z'-2HDM model to date. |
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