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CMS-HIG-16-017 ; CERN-EP-2018-204
Search for resonances in the mass spectrum of muon pairs produced in association with b quark jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 8 and 13 TeV
JHEP 11 (2018) 161
Abstract: A search for resonances in the mass range 12-70 GeV produced in association with a b quark jet and a second jet, and decaying to a muon pair, is reported. The analysis is based on data from proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7 and 35.9 fb$^{-1}$, respectively. The search is carried out in two mutually exclusive event categories. Events in the first category are required to have a b quark jet in the central region ($ | \eta | \le $ 2.4) and at least one jet in the forward region ($ | \eta | > $ 2.4). Events in the second category are required to have two jets in the central region, at least one of which is identified as a b quark jet, no jets in the forward region, and low missing transverse momentum. An excess of events above the background near a dimuon mass of 28 GeV is observed in the 8 TeV data, corresponding to local significances of 4.2 and 2.9 standard deviations for the first and second event categories, respectively. A similar analysis conducted with the 13 TeV data results in a mild excess over the background in the first event category corresponding to a local significance of 2.0 standard deviations, while the second category results in a 1.4 standard deviation deficit. The fiducial cross section measurements and 95% confidence level upper limits on those for a resonance consistent with the 8 TeV excess are provided at both collision energies.
Figures & Tables Summary Additional Figures References CMS Publications
Figures

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Figure 1:
Upper row: the dimuon mass distribution in SR1 (left) and SR2 (right) in the 8 TeV analysis, with the simulation-based background expectations superimposed. Lower row: the dimuon mass distribution in SR1 (left) and SR2 (right) in the 13 TeV analysis, with the simulation-based background expectations superimposed.

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Figure 1-a:
The dimuon mass distribution in SR1 in the 8 TeV analysis, with the simulation-based background expectations superimposed.

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Figure 1-b:
The dimuon mass distribution in SR2 in the 8 TeV analysis, with the simulation-based background expectations superimposed.

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Figure 1-c:
The dimuon mass distribution in SR1 in the 13 TeV analysis, with the simulation-based background expectations superimposed.

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Figure 1-d:
The dimuon mass distribution in SR2 in the 13 TeV analysis, with the simulation-based background expectations superimposed.

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Figure 2:
Upper row: the 12 $ < {m_{{\mu} {\mu}}} < $ 70 GeV range in SR1 (left) and SR2 (right) in the 8 TeV analysis. Lower row: the 12 $ < {m_{{\mu} {\mu}}} < $ 70 GeV range in SR1 (left) and SR2 (right) in the 13 TeV analysis. The results of an unbinned maximum likelihood fit for the signal-plus-background (solid lines) and background-only (dashed lines) hypotheses are superimposed.

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Figure 2-a:
The 12 $ < {m_{{\mu} {\mu}}} < $ 70 GeV range in SR1 in the 8 TeV analysis. The results of an unbinned maximum likelihood fit for the signal-plus-background (solid lines) and background-only (dashed lines) hypotheses are superimposed.

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Figure 2-b:
The 12 $ < {m_{{\mu} {\mu}}} < $ 70 GeV range in SR2 in the 8 TeV analysis. The results of an unbinned maximum likelihood fit for the signal-plus-background (solid lines) and background-only (dashed lines) hypotheses are superimposed.

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Figure 2-c:
The 12 $ < {m_{{\mu} {\mu}}} < $ 70 GeV range in SR1 in the 13 TeV analysis. The results of an unbinned maximum likelihood fit for the signal-plus-background (solid lines) and background-only (dashed lines) hypotheses are superimposed.

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Figure 2-d:
The 12 $ < {m_{{\mu} {\mu}}} < $ 70 GeV range in SR2 in the 13 TeV analysis. The results of an unbinned maximum likelihood fit for the signal-plus-background (solid lines) and background-only (dashed lines) hypotheses are superimposed.

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Figure 3:
The measured fiducial signal cross sections and the 95% CL upper limits on those in SR1 (left) and SR2 (right). The expected (observed) upper limits are shown as vertical dashed (solid) lines, together with the 68 and 95% CL uncertainties in the expected limits (under the background-only hypothesis). Also shown are the expected 13 TeV cross sections and their uncertainties obtained by scaling the measured 8 TeV cross sections by the factors of 1.5 and 2.5, as discussed in the text.

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Figure 3-a:
The measured fiducial signal cross sections and the 95% CL upper limits on those in SR1. The expected (observed) upper limits are shown as vertical dashed (solid) lines, together with the 68 and 95% CL uncertainties in the expected limits (under the background-only hypothesis). Also shown are the expected 13 TeV cross sections and their uncertainties obtained by scaling the measured 8 TeV cross sections by the factors of 1.5 and 2.5, as discussed in the text.

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Figure 3-b:
The measured fiducial signal cross sections and the 95% CL upper limits on those in SR2. The expected (observed) upper limits are shown as vertical dashed (solid) lines, together with the 68 and 95% CL uncertainties in the expected limits (under the background-only hypothesis). Also shown are the expected 13 TeV cross sections and their uncertainties obtained by scaling the measured 8 TeV cross sections by the factors of 1.5 and 2.5, as discussed in the text.
Tables

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Table 1:
Event selection in the two search regions. A dash means that the variable is not used for selection.

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Table 2:
The mass and width of the event excess obtained in the 8 TeV analysis.

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Table 3:
The local significances, the measured fiducial signal cross sections with $ \pm $1 s.d. uncertainties, and the upper limits at 95% CL, together with the values of $ {N_\mathrm {S}} $ for the two SRs and two collision energies. The reconstruction efficiencies and the integrated luminosities are also listed.
Summary
We report on a search for resonances in the mass range 12-70 GeV, produced in association with a b quark jet and another jet, and decaying to a muon pair. The analysis is based on data from proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7 and 35.9 fb$^{-1}$, respectively. The search is carried out in two mutually exclusive event categories. Events in the first category are required to have a b quark jet in the central region ($ | \eta |\le $ 2.4) and at least one jet in the forward region ($ | \eta | > $ 2.4). Events in the second category are required to have two jets in the central region, at least one of which is identified as a b quark jet, no jets in the forward region, and low missing transverse momentum. An excess of events above the background near a dimuon mass of 28 GeV is observed in both event categories in the 8 TeV data, corresponding to local significances of 4.2 and 2.9 standard deviations, respectively.

A mild excess of data over the background in the first event category is observed in 13 TeV data and corresponds to a local significance of 2.0 standard deviations, while the second category results in a deficit with a local significance of 1.4 standard deviations.

We provide a measurement of the fiducial cross sections and the upper limits on those at 95% confidence level, evaluated for the mass and the width values obtained from the combined fit to the two event categories in $\sqrt{s} = $ 8 TeV data. In the lack of a realistic signal model, the 13 TeV results are not sufficient to make a definitive statement about the origin of the 8 TeV excess. Therefore, more data and additional theoretical input are both required to fully understand the results presented in this paper.
Additional Figures

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Additional Figure 1:
Dijet mass spectra in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 2:
Dimuon plus dijet mass spectra in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 3:
Dimuon plus b-tagged jet mass spectra in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 4:
Dimuon plus untagged jet mass spectra in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 5:
The ${\vec{p}}_{\mathrm {T}}^{\,\text {miss}}$ spectra in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 6:
The transverse momentum of the leading $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ muon in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 7:
The transverse momentum of the second leading $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ muon in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 8:
The dimuon mass spectra in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the mass range of 12 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 70 GeV when the threshold on the second leading muon $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ is set to 25 GeV, 15 GeV, and 5 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 9:
Dijet mass spectra in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 10:
Dimuon plus dijet mass spectra in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 11:
Dimuon plus b-tagged jet mass spectra in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 12:
Dimuon plus untagged jet mass spectra in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 13:
The transverse momentum of the leading $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ muon in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 14:
The transverse momentum of the second leading $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ muon in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of expected background events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 15:
The dimuon mass spectra in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 8 TeV in the mass range of 12 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 70 GeV when the threshold on the second leading muon $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ is set to 25 GeV, 15 GeV, and 5 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

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Additional Figure 16:
Dijet mass spectra in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 17:
Dimuon plus dijet mass spectra in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 18:
Dimuon plus b-tagged jet mass spectra in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 19:
Dimuon plus untagged jet mass spectra in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 20:
The transverse momentum of the leading $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ muon in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 21:
The transverse momentum of the second leading $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ muon in SR1 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 22:
Dijet mass spectra in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 23:
Dimuon plus dijet mass spectra in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 24:
Dimuon plus b-tagged jet mass spectra in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 25:
Dimuon plus untagged jet mass spectra in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 26:
The transverse momentum of the leading $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ muon in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.

png pdf
Additional Figure 27:
The transverse momentum of the second leading $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ muon in SR2 at $\sqrt {s} = $ 13 TeV in the dimuon mass range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV and the sideband between 12 and 24 GeV or between 34 and 50 GeV. The sideband histogram is normalized to the number of events in the range of 26 $ < m_{\mu \mu} < $ 32 GeV. The shaded area of the sideband histogram represents the statistical uncertainty.
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Compact Muon Solenoid
LHC, CERN