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| CMS-HIG-18-005 ; CERN-EP-2018-343 | ||
| Search for a heavy pseudoscalar boson decaying to a Z and a Higgs boson at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 3 March 2019 | ||
| Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 564 | ||
| Abstract: A search is presented for a heavy pseudoscalar boson A decaying to a Z boson and the standard model Higgs boson. In the final state considered, the Higgs boson decays to a bottom quark and antiquark, and the Z boson decays either into a pair of electrons, muons, or neutrinos. The analysis is performed using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ collected in 2016 by the CMS experiment at the LHC from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data are found to be consistent with the background expectations. Exclusion limits are set in the context of two-Higgs-doublet models in the A boson mass range between 225 and 1000 GeV. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1903.00941 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Representative Feynman diagrams of the production in the 2HDM of a pseudoscalar A boson via gluon-gluon fusion (left) and in association with b quarks (right). |
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Figure 1-a:
Representative Feynman diagram of the production in the 2HDM of a pseudoscalar A boson via gluon-gluon fusion. |
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Figure 1-b:
Representative Feynman diagram of the production in the 2HDM of a pseudoscalar A boson in association with b quarks. |
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Figure 2:
Product of the signal acceptance and selection efficiency $\varepsilon $ for an A boson produced via gluon-gluon fusion (left) and in association with b quarks (right) as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$. The number of events passing the signal region selections is denoted as $N^\mathrm {SR}$, and $N^\mathrm {gen}$ is the number of events generated before applying any selection. |
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Figure 2-a:
Product of the signal acceptance and selection efficiency $\varepsilon $ for an A boson produced via gluon-gluon fusion as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$. The number of events passing the signal region selections is denoted as $N^\mathrm {SR}$, and $N^\mathrm {gen}$ is the number of events generated before applying any selection. |
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Figure 2-b:
Product of the signal acceptance and selection efficiency $\varepsilon $ for an A boson produced in association with b quarks as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$. The number of events passing the signal region selections is denoted as $N^\mathrm {SR}$, and $N^\mathrm {gen}$ is the number of events generated before applying any selection. |
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Figure 3:
Pre- (dashed gray lines) and post-fit (stacked histograms) numbers of events in the different control regions used in the fit. The label in each bin summarizes the selection on the number and flavor of the leptons, the number of b-tagged jets, and if the two leptons are within (on Z) or outside the Z mass window (off Z). |
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Figure 4:
Distributions of the ${{m_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{{\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ variable in the 0$\ell $ categories (left) and ${m_{{\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ in the 2$\ell $ categories (right), in the 1 b tag (upper), 2 b tag (center), and 3 b tag (lower) SRs. In the 2$\ell $ categories, the contribution of the 2$ {\mathrm {e}}$ and 2$\mu $ channels have been summed. The gray dotted line represents the sum of the background before the fit; the shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty. The hatched red histograms represent signals produced in association with b quarks and corresponding to $\sigma _{{\mathrm {A}}} {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})= $ 0.1 pb. The bottom panels depict the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data. |
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Figure 4-a:
Distribution of the ${{m_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{{\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ variable in the 0$\ell $, 1 b tag signal region. The gray dotted line represents the sum of the background before the fit; the shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty. The hatched red histograms represent signals produced in association with b quarks and corresponding to $\sigma _{{\mathrm {A}}} {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})= $ 0.1 pb. The bottom panel depicts the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data. |
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Figure 4-b:
Distribution of the ${m_{{\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ variable in the 2$\ell $, 1 b tag signal region. The contribution of the 2$ {\mathrm {e}}$ and 2$\mu $ channels have been summed. The gray dotted line represents the sum of the background before the fit; the shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty. The hatched red histograms represent signals produced in association with b quarks and corresponding to $\sigma _{{\mathrm {A}}} {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})= $ 0.1 pb. The bottom panel depicts the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data. |
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Figure 4-c:
Distribution of the ${{m_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{{\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ variable in the 0$\ell $, 2 b tags signal region.The gray dotted line represents the sum of the background before the fit; the shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty. The hatched red histograms represent signals produced in association with b quarks and corresponding to $\sigma _{{\mathrm {A}}} {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})= $ 0.1 pb. The bottom panel depicts the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data. |
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Figure 4-d:
Distribution of the ${m_{{\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ variable in the 2$\ell $, 2 b tags signal region. The contribution of the 2$ {\mathrm {e}}$ and 2$\mu $ channels have been summed. The gray dotted line represents the sum of the background before the fit; the shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty. The hatched red histograms represent signals produced in association with b quarks and corresponding to $\sigma _{{\mathrm {A}}} {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})= $ 0.1 pb. The bottom panel depicts the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data. |
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Figure 4-e:
Distribution of the ${{m_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{{\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ variable in the 0$\ell $, 3 b tags signal region. The gray dotted line represents the sum of the background before the fit; the shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty. The hatched red histograms represent signals produced in association with b quarks and corresponding to $\sigma _{{\mathrm {A}}} {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})= $ 0.1 pb. The bottom panel depicts the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data. |
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Figure 4-f:
Distribution of the ${m_{{\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ variable in the 2$\ell $, 3 b tags signal region. The contribution of the 2$ {\mathrm {e}}$ and 2$\mu $ channels have been summed. The gray dotted line represents the sum of the background before the fit; the shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty. The hatched red histograms represent signals produced in association with b quarks and corresponding to $\sigma _{{\mathrm {A}}} {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})= $ 0.1 pb. The bottom panel depicts the pulls in each bin, $(N^\text {data}-N^\text {bkg})/\sigma $, where $\sigma $ is the statistical uncertainty in data. |
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Figure 5:
Observed (solid black) and expected (dotted black) 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma _ {\mathrm {A}} \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})$ for an A boson produced via gluon-gluon fusion (left) and in association with b quarks (right) as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$. The blue dashed lines represent the expected limits of the 0$\ell $ and 2$\ell $ categories separately. The red and magenta solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the product of the cross sections and the branching fractions and the relative uncertainties predicted by the 2HDM Type-I and Type-II for the arbitrary parameters $\tan\beta =$ 3 and $ \cos(\beta -\alpha) =$ 0.1. |
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Figure 5-a:
Observed (solid black) and expected (dotted black) 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma _ {\mathrm {A}} \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})$ for an A boson produced via gluon-gluon fusion as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$. The blue dashed lines represent the expected limits of the 0$\ell $ and 2$\ell $ categories separately. The red and magenta solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the product of the cross sections and the branching fractions and the relative uncertainties predicted by the 2HDM Type-I and Type-II for the arbitrary parameters $\tan\beta =$ 3 and $ \cos(\beta -\alpha) =$ 0.1. |
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Figure 5-b:
Observed (solid black) and expected (dotted black) 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma _ {\mathrm {A}} \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})$ for an A boson produced in association with b quarks as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$. The blue dashed lines represent the expected limits of the 0$\ell $ and 2$\ell $ categories separately. The red and magenta solid curves and their shaded areas correspond to the product of the cross sections and the branching fractions and the relative uncertainties predicted by the 2HDM Type-I and Type-II for the arbitrary parameters $\tan\beta =$ 3 and $ \cos(\beta -\alpha) =$ 0.1. |
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Figure 6:
Observed and expected (with $\pm$1, $\pm$2 standard deviation bands) exclusion limits for Type-I (upper left), Type-II (upper right), flipped (lower left), lepton-specific (lower right) models, as a function of $\cos(\beta -\alpha)$ and ${\tan\beta}$. Contours are derived from the projection on the 2HDM parameter space for the ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV signal hypothesis. The excluded region is represented by the shaded gray area. The regions of the parameter space where the natural width of the A boson $\Gamma _ {\mathrm {A}} $ is comparable to the experimental resolution and thus the narrow width approximation is not valid are represented by the hatched gray areas. |
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Figure 6-a:
Observed and expected (with $\pm$1, $\pm$2 standard deviation bands) exclusion limits for Type-I models, as a function of $\cos(\beta -\alpha)$ and ${\tan\beta}$. Contours are derived from the projection on the 2HDM parameter space for the ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV signal hypothesis. The excluded region is represented by the shaded gray area. The regions of the parameter space where the natural width of the A boson $\Gamma _ {\mathrm {A}} $ is comparable to the experimental resolution and thus the narrow width approximation is not valid are represented by the hatched gray areas. |
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Figure 6-b:
Observed and expected (with $\pm$1, $\pm$2 standard deviation bands) exclusion limits for Type-II models, as a function of $\cos(\beta -\alpha)$ and ${\tan\beta}$. Contours are derived from the projection on the 2HDM parameter space for the ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV signal hypothesis. The excluded region is represented by the shaded gray area. The regions of the parameter space where the natural width of the A boson $\Gamma _ {\mathrm {A}} $ is comparable to the experimental resolution and thus the narrow width approximation is not valid are represented by the hatched gray areas. |
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Figure 6-c:
Observed and expected (with $\pm$1, $\pm$2 standard deviation bands) exclusion limits for flipped models, as a function of $\cos(\beta -\alpha)$ and ${\tan\beta}$. Contours are derived from the projection on the 2HDM parameter space for the ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV signal hypothesis. The excluded region is represented by the shaded gray area. The regions of the parameter space where the natural width of the A boson $\Gamma _ {\mathrm {A}} $ is comparable to the experimental resolution and thus the narrow width approximation is not valid are represented by the hatched gray areas. |
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Figure 6-d:
Observed and expected (with $\pm$1, $\pm$2 standard deviation bands) exclusion limits for lepton-specific models, as a function of $\cos(\beta -\alpha)$ and ${\tan\beta}$. Contours are derived from the projection on the 2HDM parameter space for the ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV signal hypothesis. The excluded region is represented by the shaded gray area. The regions of the parameter space where the natural width of the A boson $\Gamma _ {\mathrm {A}} $ is comparable to the experimental resolution and thus the narrow width approximation is not valid are represented by the hatched gray areas. |
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Figure 7:
Observed and expected (with $\pm$1, $\pm$2 standard deviation bands) exclusion limits for Type-I (upper left), Type-II (upper right), flipped (lower left), lepton-specific (lower right) models, as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$ and ${\tan\beta}$, fixing $ \cos(\beta -\alpha) = $ 0.1. The excluded region is represented by the shaded gray area. The regions of the parameter space where the natural width of the A boson $\Gamma _ {\mathrm {A}} $ is comparable to the experimental resolution and thus the narrow width approximation is not valid are represented by the hatched gray areas. |
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Figure 7-a:
Observed and expected (with $\pm$1, $\pm$2 standard deviation bands) exclusion limits for Type-I models, as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$ and ${\tan\beta}$, fixing $ \cos(\beta -\alpha) = $ 0.1. The excluded region is represented by the shaded gray area. The regions of the parameter space where the natural width of the A boson $\Gamma _ {\mathrm {A}} $ is comparable to the experimental resolution and thus the narrow width approximation is not valid are represented by the hatched gray areas. |
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Figure 7-b:
Observed and expected (with $\pm$1, $\pm$2 standard deviation bands) exclusion limits for Type-II models, as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$ and ${\tan\beta}$, fixing $ \cos(\beta -\alpha) = $ 0.1. The excluded region is represented by the shaded gray area. The regions of the parameter space where the natural width of the A boson $\Gamma _ {\mathrm {A}} $ is comparable to the experimental resolution and thus the narrow width approximation is not valid are represented by the hatched gray areas. |
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Figure 7-c:
Observed and expected (with $\pm$1, $\pm$2 standard deviation bands) exclusion limits for flipped models, as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$ and ${\tan\beta}$, fixing $ \cos(\beta -\alpha) = $ 0.1. The excluded region is represented by the shaded gray area. The regions of the parameter space where the natural width of the A boson $\Gamma _ {\mathrm {A}} $ is comparable to the experimental resolution and thus the narrow width approximation is not valid are represented by the hatched gray areas. |
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Figure 7-d:
Observed and expected (with $\pm$1, $\pm$2 standard deviation bands) exclusion limits for lepton-specific models, as a function of ${m_{{\mathrm {A}}}}$ and ${\tan\beta}$, fixing $ \cos(\beta -\alpha) = $ 0.1. The excluded region is represented by the shaded gray area. The regions of the parameter space where the natural width of the A boson $\Gamma _ {\mathrm {A}} $ is comparable to the experimental resolution and thus the narrow width approximation is not valid are represented by the hatched gray areas. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Definition of the signal and control regions. In 2$\ell $ regions, the leptons are required to have opposite electric charge. The entries marked with $\dagger $ indicate that the ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$ is calculated subtracting the four momentum of the lepton. |
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Table 2:
Summary of statistical and systematic uncertainties for backgrounds and signal. The uncertainties marked with a check mark are also propagated to the ${m_{{\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ and ${{m_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{{\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}}}$ distributions. |
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Table 3:
Scale factors for the main backgrounds, as derived by the combined fit in the background-only hypothesis, with respect to the event yield from simulated samples. |
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Table 4:
Expected and observed event yields after the fit in the signal regions. The dielectron and dimuon categories are summed together. The "-'' symbol represents backgrounds with no simulated events passing the selections. The signal yields refer to pre-fit values corresponding to a cross section multiplied by $ {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {A}} \to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {h}}) \, {\mathcal {B}}({\mathrm {h}} \to {{\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}}})$ of 0.1 pb (gluon-gluon fusion for $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 300 GeV, and in association with b quarks for $ {m_{{\mathrm {A}}}} = $ 1000 GeV). |
| Summary |
| A search is presented in the context of an extended Higgs boson sector for a heavy pseudoscalar boson A that decays into a Z boson and a standard model (SM) h boson, with the Z boson decaying into electrons, muons, or neutrinos, and the h boson into $\mathrm{b\bar{b}}$. The SM backgrounds are suppressed by using the characteristics of the considered signal, namely the production and decay angles of the A, Z, and h bosons, and by improving the A mass resolution through a kinematic constraint on the reconstructed invariant mass of the h boson candidate. No excess of data over the background prediction is observed. Upper limits are set at 95% confidence level on the product of the A boson cross sections and the branching fractions $\sigma_{\mathrm{A}} \,{\mathcal{B}}({\mathrm{A}} \to\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{h}) \,{\mathcal{B}}(\mathrm{h}\to\mathrm{b\bar{b}})$, which exclude 1 to 0.01 pb in the 225-1000 GeV mass range. Interpretations are given in the context of Type-I, Type-II, flipped, and lepton-specific two-Higgs-doublet model formulations, thereby reducing the allowed parameter space for extensions of the SM. |
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