Contents

• Contents
• Introduction
• Getting Started
• User routines
  • General Comments
    • Name conventions
    • Including ALPHA features in Fortran code
    • ``HAC'' parameters
    • Implicit None
    • Booking of private BOS banks in ALPHA
  • User Initialization
  • Event analysis routine
  • User termination routine
  • Other User Subroutines
    • New Run
    • Unkown Record Type
    • Initialize the histogram package
    • Terminate the histogram package
    • Initialize BOS
• Data Cards
  • Input/Output
    • ALEPH file types
    • FILI: Input datasets
    • Run / event selection
    • FILO : Output files
    • Event Directories
    • FDBA: Select an ADBSCONS database
    • COPY: Copying events
  • ALPHA Process cards
  • UNPK: POT / DST / MINI unpacking
  • READ: Input from different card files
  • DEBU: Debug output
  • TIME: Job time control
  • Histograms
    • HIST: Write histogram file
    • HTIT: General histogram title
    • NOPH: Histogram Printing
  • FIEL: Magnetic field
  • FRF0: Use track fit without vertex detector (POT/DST only)
  • FR10 or FR12: Use unsmeared track hits (Monte Carlo POTS only)
  • Weight factors for calorimeters
  • EFLW and EFLJ: Energy Flow
  • Particle table
    • PMOD: Modify particle attributes
    • PNEW: New particles
    • PTRA: Modify particle names in the MC particle table
  • SYNT: Syntax Check
  • BPER,BPWT,BSIZ,SIBE : chunk-by-chunk beam position for MCarlo
  • BOBS: Beam spot information using LEP BOMs
  • QFND: Calling the QFNDIP package
    • QFND card:
    • DWIN card:
  • Special Cards:
• Creating Histograms and Ntuples
  • Booking and Filling Histograms/Ntuples
    • Book a 1-dimensional histogram
    • Book a 2-dimensional histogram
    • Book a Profile histogram
    • Book an Ntuple
    • Book an Ntuple with run, event number
    • Fill Ntuple plus run, event number
    • Fill Ntuple with many variables
    • Fill Ntuple with many variables plus run, event number
    • Sample ALPHA program to book and fill histogram, Ntuple
    • Limitations to the ALPHA histogram facilities
  • Histogram output - the ALPHA cards file
    • HIST: Write histogram file
    • NOPH: Histogram Printing
    • HTIT: General histogram title
• Mnemonic symbols
  • Mathematical and physical constants
  • Run information
  • LEP c.m.s. energy QELEP
  • Chunk-by-chunk luminous region information
  • Event information
    • Event header: from bank EVEH
    • Event directory information
    • Event generator status: from bank KEVH
    • Detector HV status: from banks REVH, LOLE
    • Trigger Information: from XTEB or XTRB, XTCN
    • Beam position from BOM system: from bank BOMB
  • ECAL Wire Energies
  • ALPHA Internal Constants, Variables
    • Event counts
    • Program status
    • Event status
    • Input / output units
    • Timing
    • Character variables
• ALPHA ``Tracks'' and ``Vertices''
  • Access by Fortran DO loops
    • ALPHA ``TRACKS'' :
    • ALPHA ``VERTICES'' :
  • Loops over ECAL and HCAL objects
  • Relationships between objects in different subdetectors
  • Direct access to particles
    • Particle name and class
    • Example: Loop over all MC generated positrons
    • Particle name versus integer particle code - time consumption
    • Loops over a particle and its antiparticle
    • Analysis of particle systems: Examples
  • Mother - daughter relationships
    • Mother to daughters
    • Daughter to mother(s)
  • Access to the ``same'' object
    • Loops over copies of the ``same'' object using KSAME
    • Find original copy of a charged track
  • Match reconstructed tracks and MC truth
  • Track - vertex relationships
• ALPHA Track and Vertex Attributes
  • ``Track'' attributes.
    • Basic attributes
    • V0 Mass
    • Track error covariance matrix
    • Distance to the beam position:
    • Stability code
    • Test a particle's name
    • Test if particles are based on the same object
    • Flags, pointers, etc.
  • ``Track'' related detector data
    • Global geometrical track fit: Bank FRFT
    • Number of coordinates used for the global fit: Bank FRTL
    • Charged-particle identification: Bank FRID
    • dE/dx data: Bank TEXS
    • Electron identification: Bank EIDT
    • Muon - HCAL association: Bank HMAD
    • Muon chamber data: Bank MCAD
    • QMUIDO Muon Identification: Bank MUID
    • ECAL objects: Bank PECO
    • ECAL objects: Bank PEPT
    • HCAL objects: Bank PHCO
    • Reconstructed V0s: Bank YV0V
    • Energy Flow: Bank EFOL
    • Neutral objects from PCPA: Bank PCQA
  • Photon attributes
    • Photons from GAMPEC: Output bank EGPC (Obsolete since July 1993)
    • Photons from GAMPEX: Output bank PGPC (Obsolete since December 1994)
    • Photons from GAMPECK: Output bank PGAC
  • Vertex attributes
  • Special attributes for a Kink Vertex
• Kinematics and Track Operations
  • Scalar quantities
  • Vector quantities
    • General Remarks
    • Add 4-momenta of particles
    • Recalculate 4-Vector of V0
    • Copy a track
    • Cross product
    • Drop tracks
    • Copy track attributes into a Fortran array
    • Create a new track
    • Save a track
    • Save a track inside particle/antiparticle loop
    • Save a track and set its mass
    • Save a track with class ICLASS
    • Modify track parameters
    • Set User Track Flags
    • Subtract track momenta
    • Zero track attributes
  • Kinematic fitting
  • Vertex fitting with YTOP
  • Auxiliary routine for V0s
  • Lorentz transformations
    • Boost a track and its daughters
    • Boost a track
    • Boost all tracks of a given class
• Event Topology Routines
  • Options for ``QJxxxx'' routines
    • Set option for reconstructed objects
    • Set option for MC particles
  • Lock tracks / subsamples of tracks
    • Lock a single ``track''
    • Unlock a single ``track''
    • Lock a track ``family''
    • Unlock tracks (locked with QLOCK)
    • Reverse the lock state (corresponding to QLOCK)
    • Second Lock
  • Add momenta of all particles of a given class
    • Input argument
    • Results
  • Momentum tensor eigenvalues and eigenvectors
  • Linearized momentum tensor eigenvalues and eigenvectors
  • Sphericity
  • Thrust
  • Fox-Wolfram Moments
  • Divide event into two hemispheres
  • Missing energy, mass, momentum
  • Jet Finding
    • Scaled Invariant Mass Squared Algorithms
    • Scaled Minimum Distance Algorithm
    • JETSET algorithm LUCLUS from LUND
    • PTCLUS: Jet-finding algorithm
• Energy Flow
  • ENFLW Energy Flow
    • Access to ENFLW informations
    • Event topology routines and ENFLW
    • Removing of SiCAL clusters in ENFLW
    • Cleanup of bad SiCAL clusters in ENFLW
    • Matching ENFLW informations and true information
  • Mask Energy Flow
  • PCPA-based Energy Flow
• Other ALPHA Physics Routines
  • dE/dx Analysis
    • Calculate dE/dx for Track ITK from TPC wires
    • Calculate dE/dx for Track ITK from TPC pads
    • Combined dE/dx estimation using both wires and pads
    • Modified QDEDX for Monte Carlo (Obsolete ! Kept only for backward-compatibility).
    • QDEDXM or not QDEDXM ? ( Obsolete ! Kept only for backward-compatibility).
    • Check TPC High Voltage for dE/dx
    • Check Existence of dE/dx Calibration for Run
  • Photon conversions
  • Muon Identification: QMUIDO
  • Utility Routines for VDET Analysis
    • Number of VDET hits per layer for track ITK
    • VDET HV status
    • VDET Readout Status
  • B-Tagging routine QIPBTAG
    • General considerations
    • Calling the QIPBTAG routine
    • Data cards for QIPBTAG
    • Remarks on QIPBTAG
    • Auxiliary routine QIPBTCPU
  • Smear 3-d impact parameter in Monte Carlo: QSMEAR
  • Invariant mass b tag: QBMTAG
    • General considerations
    • Calling the QBMTAG routine
    • Remarks on QBMTAG
  • QVSRCH : Secondary vertices and b-tagging
  • QPI0DO: finding routine
  • QBEAMX : Size of luminous region (LEP 1 only)
  • QSELEP : Lepton Identification for Heavy Flavours
    • How to call QSELEP
    • Important warning if you call QSELEP yourself:
    • Output of QSELEP
    • Default cuts and users cuts
    • Access to QSELEP results
    • Properties of selected tagged Leptons
    • QTRUTH flags for recontructed leptons (Mcarlo only)
    • Jets built by QSELEP : ``LJET'' section
    • New EDIR classes from QSELEP
  • QTRUTH : History of a recontructed MCarlo track:
  • MCMATCH : Matching of a Monte Carlo truth track with a reconstructed track
  • JULMATCH : Matching of a reconstructed charged track with a MC ``truth" track
  • VDHMATCH : Counting of matching VDET hits for a given track
  • QWHICH_EN: to know how the LEP energy QELEP was found
  • QWHICH_BP: to know how the beam spot was found
  • QFILBP_STATUS: to know how the LEP beam position with BOMS was found:
  • QEWSUM : ECAL Wire Energy on even/odd wire planes
  • QPCORR : Correction of charged particle momenta (``Sagitta correction")
• ALPHA Utility Routines: Printing, Writing Events, Timing, etc.
  • Program termination
  • Write the current event on the output file
  • Set classification word written to event directory
  • Timing
    • Print job time consumption
    • Measure time consumption of part of program
  • Print routines
    • Print a message
    • Print a message plus run, event number
    • Print full event summary (many pages)
    • Print event header (one line)
    • Print full event header (many lines)
    • Print information for ``track''
    • Print information for vertex
    • Print summary for categories of tracks or vertices
    • Print decay tree of track ITK.
    • Create L^ATEX source of the decay tree of track ITK.
• Modifying ALPHA banks
  • User track / vertex sections
    • Reserve user space for tracks
    • Reserve user space for vertices
  • Modifying track / vertex attributes
• Particle Table
  • Description
  • Particle name, particle code
  • How to spell particle names
  • Data cards for particle table
    • PMOD: Modify particle attributes
    • PNEW: New particles
    • PTRA: Modify particle names in the MC particle table
  • Access to particle properties
• Program Structure
• Bank description
• Where to find ALPHA at CERN
  • ALPHA on ALWS
  • ALPHA on SHIFT,CSF,ALPHA OSF
  • alpharun: run ALPHA on UNIX platforms:
• Using the Mini-DST with ALPHA
  • Doing analysis with the Mini
  • Differences between POT/DST and Mini-DST
  • Differences between LEP1 and LEP2 MINIs
  • Writing a Mini-DST
• Using the NanoDst with ALPHA
• Standard particle table
• Definition of Event Directory Classes
• C- and C^{+ +} Extended ALPHA
  • ALPHA^{+ +}:
  • C-extended ALPHA:
• Index