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| CMS-HIG-21-011 ; CERN-EP-2023-132 | ||
| Search for a new resonance decaying into two spin-0 bosons in a final state with two photons and two bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 2 October 2023 | ||
| Accepted for publication in J. High Energy Phys. | ||
| Abstract: A search for a new boson X is presented using CERN LHC proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV in 2016-2018, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $. The resonance X decays into either a pair of Higgs bosons HH of mass 125 GeV or an H and a new spin-0 boson Y. One H subsequently decays to a pair of photons, and the second H or Y, to a pair of bottom quarks. The explored mass ranges of X are 260-1000 GeV and 300-1000 GeV, for decays to HH and to HY, respectively, with the Y mass range being 90-800 GeV. For a spin-0 X hypothesis, the 95% confidence level upper limit on the product of its production cross section and decay branching fraction is observed to be within 0.90-0.04 fb, depending on the masses of X and Y. The largest deviation from the background-only hypothesis with a local (global) significance of 3.8 (2.8) standard deviations is observed for X and Y masses of 650 and 90 GeV, respectively. The limits are interpreted using several models of new physics. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2310.01643 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures & Tables | Summary | Additional Figures | References | CMS Publications |
|---|
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Feynman diagram showing a tree-level gluon-gluon fusion production of a BSM resonance X decaying to a pair of spin-0 bosons (HH or HY), which then decay to the $ \gamma\gamma\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}} $ final state. |
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Figure 2:
The $ m_{\gamma\gamma} $ (upper left), $ m_\text{jj} $ (upper right) and $ m_{\gamma\gamma\text{jj}} $ (lower) distributions in data and MC simulations. The $ m_\text{jj} $ distribution starts at 70 GeV. The signal distributions, shown for different values of $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $ with an assumption of 1 fb cross section, have been scaled by a factor of 10$^3 $. |
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Figure 2-a:
The $ m_{\gamma\gamma} $ distribution in data and MC simulations. The distribution starts at 100 GeV. The signal distributions, shown for different values of $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $ with an assumption of 1 fb cross section, have been scaled by a factor of 10$^3 $. |
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Figure 2-b:
The $ m_\text{jj} $ distribution in data and MC simulations. The distribution starts at 70 GeV. The signal distributions, shown for different values of $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $ with an assumption of 1 fb cross section, have been scaled by a factor of 10$^3 $. |
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Figure 2-c:
The $ m_{\gamma\gamma\text{jj}} $ distribution in data and MC simulations. The distribution starts at 200 GeV. The signal distributions, shown for different values of $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $ with an assumption of 1 fb cross section, have been scaled by a factor of 10$^3 $. |
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Figure 3:
The distribution of BDT output in data and MC simulations for a signal in $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ = 500-700 GeV and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} < $ 300 GeV range. The signal distribution, with an assumption of 1 fb cross section, has been scaled by a factor of 10$^3 $. |
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Figure 4:
$ \widetilde{M}_{\mathrm{X}} $ selection for each $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ in HH and HY signals. The red and green lines represent the upper and lower boundary of this selection. |
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Figure 5:
Invariant mass distributions $ m_{\gamma\gamma} $ (left) and $ m_\text{jj} $ (right) with the data events (black markers), with $ \widetilde{M}_{\mathrm{X}} $ selection corresponding to an HH signal with $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ = 400 GeV (upper panel), and to an HY signal with $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ = 650 GeV and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $ = 90 GeV (lower panel). The distributions are shown for the signal-dominated category (CAT 0). The red dashed line shows the sum of the fitted signal and background events. The solid black line shows the total background component by summing the resonant and nonresonant background contributions. The green and yellow bands represent the $ \pm $1- and $ \pm $2-standard deviations which include the uncertainties in fit to the background component. The lower panel in each plot shows the residual signal yield after the background subtraction. |
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Figure 5-a:
Invariant mass distribution $ m_{\gamma\gamma} $ with the data events (black markers), with $ \widetilde{M}_{\mathrm{X}} $ selection corresponding to an HH signal with $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ = 400 GeV. The distributions are shown for the signal-dominated category (CAT 0). The red dashed line shows the sum of the fitted signal and background events. The solid black line shows the total background component by summing the resonant and nonresonant background contributions. The green and yellow bands represent the $ \pm $1- and $ \pm $2-standard deviations which include the uncertainties in fit to the background component. The lower panel shows the residual signal yield after the background subtraction. |
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Figure 5-b:
Invariant mass distribution $ m_\text{jj} $ with the data events (black markers), with $ \widetilde{M}_{\mathrm{X}} $ selection corresponding to an HH signal with $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ = 400 GeV. The distributions are shown for the signal-dominated category (CAT 0). The red dashed line shows the sum of the fitted signal and background events. The solid black line shows the total background component by summing the resonant and nonresonant background contributions. The green and yellow bands represent the $ \pm $1- and $ \pm $2-standard deviations which include the uncertainties in fit to the background component. The lower panel shows the residual signal yield after the background subtraction. |
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Figure 5-c:
Invariant mass distribution $ m_{\gamma\gamma} $ with the data events (black markers), with $ \widetilde{M}_{\mathrm{X}} $ selection corresponding to an HY signal with $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ = 650 GeV and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $ = 90 GeV. The distributions are shown for the signal-dominated category (CAT 0). The red dashed line shows the sum of the fitted signal and background events. The solid black line shows the total background component by summing the resonant and nonresonant background contributions. The green and yellow bands represent the $ \pm $1- and $ \pm $2-standard deviations which include the uncertainties in fit to the background component. The lower panel shows the residual signal yield after the background subtraction. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-d:
Invariant mass distribution $ m_\text{jj} $ with the data events (black markers), with $ \widetilde{M}_{\mathrm{X}} $ selection corresponding to an HY signal with $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ = 650 GeV and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $ = 90 GeV. The distributions are shown for the signal-dominated category (CAT 0). The red dashed line shows the sum of the fitted signal and background events. The solid black line shows the total background component by summing the resonant and nonresonant background contributions. The green and yellow bands represent the $ \pm $1- and $ \pm $2-standard deviations which include the uncertainties in fit to the background component. The lower panel shows the residual signal yield after the background subtraction. |
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Figure 6:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limit on the product of resonant production cross section and branching fraction for spin-0 (upper) and spin-2 (lower) $ \mathrm{p}\mathrm{p} \to \mathrm{X} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{H} \to \gamma\gamma\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}} $ signal hypotheses. The dashed and solid black lines represent expected and observed limits, respectively. The green and yellow bands represent the $ \pm $1 and $ \pm $2 standard deviations for the expected limit. The red lines show the theoretical predictions with different energy scales and couplings. |
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Figure 6-a:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limit on the product of resonant production cross section and branching fraction for the spin-0 $ \mathrm{p}\mathrm{p} \to \mathrm{X} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{H} \to \gamma\gamma\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}} $ signal hypothesis. The dashed and solid black lines represent expected and observed limits, respectively. The green and yellow bands represent the $ \pm $1 and $ \pm $2 standard deviations for the expected limit. The red lines show the theoretical predictions with different energy scales and couplings. |
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Figure 6-b:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limit on the product of resonant production cross section and branching fraction for the spin-2 $ \mathrm{p}\mathrm{p} \to \mathrm{X} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{H} \to \gamma\gamma\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}} $ signal hypothesis. The dashed and solid black lines represent expected and observed limits, respectively. The green and yellow bands represent the $ \pm $1 and $ \pm $2 standard deviations for the expected limit. The red lines show the theoretical predictions with different energy scales and couplings. |
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Figure 7:
Expected and observed 95% CL exclusion limit on production cross section for $ \mathrm{p}\mathrm{p} \to \mathrm{X} \to \mathrm{H}{\mathrm{Y}} \to \gamma\gamma\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}} $ signal. The dashed and solid black lines represent expected and observed limits, respectively. The green and yellow bands represent the $ \pm $1 and $ \pm $2 standard deviations for the expected limit. The middle plot in the 3rd row shows the highest excess observed for $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ = 650 GeV and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $ = 90 GeV. |
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Figure 8:
Comparison of the expected (left) and observed (right) limits at 95% CL with the maximally allowed cross sections from the NMSSM model where the area within the red contours indicate the excluded mass regions. The limits are displayed as two-dimensional binned distributions. |
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Figure 8-a:
Expected limits at 95% CL with the maximally allowed cross sections from the NMSSM model where the area within the red contours indicate the excluded mass regions. The limits are displayed as two-dimensional binned distributions. |
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Figure 8-b:
Observed limits at 95% CL with the maximally allowed cross sections from the NMSSM model where the area within the red contours indicate the excluded mass regions. The limits are displayed as two-dimensional binned distributions. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Event preselection criteria. |
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Table 2:
The BDT based event classification according to defined $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ (and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $) ranges for HH (and HY) searches. For HH searches, the column with $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} < $ 300 GeV is used. The number represents the BDT scores showing a decreasing signal purity region from category 0 to 2. |
| Summary |
| A search for a new resonance X, decaying either to a pair of Higgs bosons HH or to an H and a new spin-0 boson Y, is presented. The search uses data from proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2016-2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to 138 fb$ ^{-1} $ of integrated luminosity. The search targets beyond standard model particles as predicted by several models of new physics. For X decaying to HH, an $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ range of 260-1000 GeV is covered, while for X decaying to HY, the search range is 300-1000 GeV in $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ and 90-800 GeV in $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $. Results are presented as the upper limits at 95% confidence level on the product of the production cross section of X and its branching fraction to the $ \gamma\gamma\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}} $ final state, through either HH or HY decays. Depending upon the mass range, the observed limits for a spin-0 resonance X decaying to HH range from 0.82-0.07 fb, while the expected limits are 0.74-0.08 fb. For X decaying to HY, the observed limits are 0.90-0.04 fb, while the expected limits lie in the range 0.79-0.05 fb, depending on the masses $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $. The data are found to be compatible with the standard model predictions over most of the searched domains. The largest deviation from the background-only hypothesis with a local (global) significance of 3.8 (2.8) standard deviations is observed for $ m_{\mathrm{X}}= $ 650 GeV and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}}= $ 90 GeV. The HY search is performed for the first time in the $ \gamma\gamma\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}} $ channel. The limits from the HH search are the most stringent to date for $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ less than 800 GeV. |
| Additional Figures | |
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Additional Figure 1:
Variation in signal efficiency for the production of a resonance X decaying, via HY, into a final state of two photons and two bottom quarks, as a function of $ m_{\mathrm{X}} $ and $ m_{\mathrm{Y}} $ using the analysis event selection described in the paper. |
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Additional Figure 2:
Observed local p-value as a function of $ m_{\text{X}} $ and $ m_{\text{Y}} $. |
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Additional Figure 3:
Bar graph representation of local significance for different $ m_{\text{Y}} $ hypotheses. |
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Additional Figure 4:
Observed and expected upper limits at 95% CL for $ m_{X}= $ 650 GeV as function of $ m_{Y} $. The dashed and solid black lines represent expected and observed limits, respectively. The green and yellow bands represent the 1 and 2 standard deviations for the expected limit. |
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Additional Figure 5:
Observed and expected upper limits at 95% CL for $ m_{X}=$ 550-700 GeV as function of $ m_{Y} $. The dashed and solid black lines represent expected and observed limits, respectively. The green and yellow bands represent the 1 and 2 standard deviations for the expected limit. Limits are scaled with the order of 10 depending upon $ m_{X} $ as labelled in the figure. |
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