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| CMS-SUS-18-004 ; CERN-EP-2021-168 | ||
| Search for supersymmetry in final states with two or three soft leptons and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 11 November 2021 | ||
| JHEP 04 (2022) 091 | ||
| Abstract: A search for supersymmetry in events with two or three low-momentum leptons and missing transverse momentum is performed. The search uses proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV collected in the three-year period 2016-2018 by the CMS experiment at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 137 fb$^{-1}$. The data are found to be in agreement with expectations from standard model processes. The results are interpreted in terms of electroweakino and top squark pair production with a small mass difference between the produced supersymmetric particles and the lightest neutralino. For the electroweakino interpretation, two simplified models are used, a wino-bino model and a higgsino model. Exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}\,/\,\tilde{\chi}^{\pm}_1$ masses up to 275 GeV for a mass difference of 10 GeV in the wino-bino case, and up to 205(150) GeV for a mass difference of 7.5 (3) GeV in the higgsino case. The results for the higgsino are further interpreted using a phenomenological minimal supersymmetric standard model, excluding the higgsino mass parameter $\mu$ up to 180 GeV with the bino mass parameter $M_1$ at 800 GeV. In the top squark interpretation, exclusion limits are set at top squark masses up to 540 GeV for four-body top squark decays and up to 480 GeV for chargino-mediated decays with a mass difference of 30 GeV. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2111.06296 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Cutflows and cut efficiencies for the analysis signal regions for a few benchmark signal mass points, and covariances matrices are available here. |
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Production and decay of electroweakinos in the TChiWZ model (upper left), in the higgsino simplified model (upper left and right), in the T2bff$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ model (lower left) and in the T2bW model (lower right). |
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Figure 1-a:
Production and decay of electroweakinos in the TChiWZ model and higgsino simplified model. |
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Figure 1-b:
Production and decay of electroweakinos in the higgsino simplified model. |
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Figure 1-c:
Production and decay of electroweakinos in the T2bff$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ model. |
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Figure 1-d:
Production and decay of electroweakinos in the T2bW model. |
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Figure 2:
The post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins for the DY (upper) and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ (lower) CRs. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 2-a:
The post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins for the DY (upper) and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ (lower) CRs. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 2-b:
The post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins for the DY (upper) and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ (lower) CRs. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 2-c:
The post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins for the DY (upper) and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ (lower) CRs. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 2-d:
The post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins for the DY (upper) and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ (lower) CRs. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 3:
The post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins for the WZ-enriched region. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 3-a:
The post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins for the WZ-enriched region. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 3-b:
The post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins for the WZ-enriched region. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 4:
The post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the high-MET bin for the SS CR. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 5:
The 2$\ell $-Ewk SR: the post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (upper left), medium- (upper right), high- (lower left) and ultra- (lower right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ and the simplified higgsino models in the scenario where the product of $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} $ eigenvalues is positive and negative, respectively. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 5-a:
The 2$\ell $-Ewk SR: the post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (upper left), medium- (upper right), high- (lower left) and ultra- (lower right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ and the simplified higgsino models in the scenario where the product of $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} $ eigenvalues is positive and negative, respectively. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 5-b:
The 2$\ell $-Ewk SR: the post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (upper left), medium- (upper right), high- (lower left) and ultra- (lower right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ and the simplified higgsino models in the scenario where the product of $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} $ eigenvalues is positive and negative, respectively. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 5-c:
The 2$\ell $-Ewk SR: the post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (upper left), medium- (upper right), high- (lower left) and ultra- (lower right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ and the simplified higgsino models in the scenario where the product of $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} $ eigenvalues is positive and negative, respectively. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 5-d:
The 2$\ell $-Ewk SR: the post-fit distribution of the ${M(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (upper left), medium- (upper right), high- (lower left) and ultra- (lower right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ and the simplified higgsino models in the scenario where the product of $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} $ eigenvalues is positive and negative, respectively. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 6:
The 3$\ell $-Ewk search regions: the post-fit distribution of the ${M^{\text {min}}_{\text {SFOS}}(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ and the simplified higgsino models in the scenario where the product of $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} $ eigenvalues is positive and negative, respectively. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 6-a:
The 3$\ell $-Ewk search regions: the post-fit distribution of the ${M^{\text {min}}_{\text {SFOS}}(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ and the simplified higgsino models in the scenario where the product of $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} $ eigenvalues is positive and negative, respectively. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 6-b:
The 3$\ell $-Ewk search regions: the post-fit distribution of the ${M^{\text {min}}_{\text {SFOS}}(\ell \ell)}$ variable is shown for the low- (left) and high- (right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ and the simplified higgsino models in the scenario where the product of $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} $ eigenvalues is positive and negative, respectively. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 7:
The 2$\ell $-Stop SR: the post-fit distribution of the leading lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ variable is shown for the low- (upper left), medium- (upper right), high- (lower left) and ultra- (lower right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the T2bff$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ and the T2bW models. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the top squark and the mass splitting between the top squark and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 7-a:
The 2$\ell $-Stop SR: the post-fit distribution of the leading lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ variable is shown for the low- (upper left), medium- (upper right), high- (lower left) and ultra- (lower right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the T2bff$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ and the T2bW models. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the top squark and the mass splitting between the top squark and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 7-b:
The 2$\ell $-Stop SR: the post-fit distribution of the leading lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ variable is shown for the low- (upper left), medium- (upper right), high- (lower left) and ultra- (lower right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the T2bff$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ and the T2bW models. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the top squark and the mass splitting between the top squark and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 7-c:
The 2$\ell $-Stop SR: the post-fit distribution of the leading lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ variable is shown for the low- (upper left), medium- (upper right), high- (lower left) and ultra- (lower right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the T2bff$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ and the T2bW models. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the top squark and the mass splitting between the top squark and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 7-d:
The 2$\ell $-Stop SR: the post-fit distribution of the leading lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ variable is shown for the low- (upper left), medium- (upper right), high- (lower left) and ultra- (lower right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the T2bff$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ and the T2bW models. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the top squark and the mass splitting between the top squark and LSP, in GeV. |
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Figure 8:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the TChiWZ model. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. Results are reported for the $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} > 0(< 0)$ ${M(\ell \ell)}$ spectrum reweighting scenario in the upper (lower) plot. The range of luminosities of the analysis regions included in the fit is indicated on the plot. |
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Figure 8-a:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the TChiWZ model. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. Results are reported for the $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} > 0(< 0)$ ${M(\ell \ell)}$ spectrum reweighting scenario in the upper (lower) plot. The range of luminosities of the analysis regions included in the fit is indicated on the plot. |
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Figure 8-b:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the TChiWZ model. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. Results are reported for the $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} > 0(< 0)$ ${M(\ell \ell)}$ spectrum reweighting scenario in the upper (lower) plot. The range of luminosities of the analysis regions included in the fit is indicated on the plot. |
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Figure 9:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the simplified (upper) and the pMSSM (lower) higgsino models. The simplified model includes both neutralino pair and neutralino-chargino production modes, while the pMSSM one includes all possible production modes. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. The results are reported for the $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} < $ 0 ${M(\ell \ell)}$ spectrum reweighting scenario. The range of luminosities of the analysis regions included in the fit is indicated on the plot. |
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Figure 9-a:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the simplified (upper) and the pMSSM (lower) higgsino models. The simplified model includes both neutralino pair and neutralino-chargino production modes, while the pMSSM one includes all possible production modes. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. The results are reported for the $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} < $ 0 ${M(\ell \ell)}$ spectrum reweighting scenario. The range of luminosities of the analysis regions included in the fit is indicated on the plot. |
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Figure 9-b:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the simplified (upper) and the pMSSM (lower) higgsino models. The simplified model includes both neutralino pair and neutralino-chargino production modes, while the pMSSM one includes all possible production modes. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. The results are reported for the $ {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}}} {\tilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}} < $ 0 ${M(\ell \ell)}$ spectrum reweighting scenario. The range of luminosities of the analysis regions included in the fit is indicated on the plot. |
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Figure 10:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the T2bff$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ (upper) and T2bW (lower) simplified models. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. The range of luminosities of the analysis regions included in the fit is indicated on the plot. |
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Figure 10-a:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the T2bff$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ (upper) and T2bW (lower) simplified models. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. The range of luminosities of the analysis regions included in the fit is indicated on the plot. |
png pdf |
Figure 10-b:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the T2bff$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ (upper) and T2bW (lower) simplified models. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. The range of luminosities of the analysis regions included in the fit is indicated on the plot. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Definition of the MET bins of the SRs. The boundaries of raw ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$ and ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$ (in GeV) of every bin are described. |
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Table 2:
List of all criteria that events must satisfy to be selected in one of the SRs. The label "Low-MET" refers to the low-MET bin of the analysis, while the label "Higher-MET" refers collectively to the Med-, High- and Ultra-MET bins of the analysis. |
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Table 3:
Summary of changes in the selection criteria with respect to the SR for all the background control and validation regions. |
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Table 4:
Observed and predicted yields as extracted from the maximum likelihood fit, in the 2$\ell $-Ewk SRs. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Table 5:
Observed and predicted yields as extracted from the maximum likelihood fit, in the 3$\ell $-Ewk SRs. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Table 6:
Observed and predicted yields as extracted from the maximum likelihood fit, in the WZ-like selection SRs. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Table 7:
Observed and predicted yields as extracted from the maximum likelihood fit, in the 2$\ell $-Stop SRs. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
| Summary |
|
A search for new physics is performed using events with two or three soft leptons and missing transverse momentum. These signatures are motivated by models predicting a weakly interacting massive particle that originates from the decay of another new particle with nearly degenerate mass. The results are based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC during 2016-2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 137 fb$^{-1}$. The observed event yields are in agreement with the standard model expectations. The results are interpreted in the framework of supersymmetric (SUSY) simplified models targeting electroweakino mass-degenerate spectra and top squark-lightest neutralino ($\tilde{\mathrm{t}}$-$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$) mass-degenerate benchmark models. An interpretation of the analysis is performed also in the phenomenological minimal SUSY standard model (pMSSM) framework. In particular, the simplified wino-bino model in which the next-to-lightest neutralino and the lightest chargino are produced and decay according to $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}\tilde{\chi}^{\pm}_1\to\mathrm{Z}^{*}\mathrm{W}^{*}\tilde{\chi}^0_1\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ are explored for mass differences ($\Delta m$) between $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}$ and $\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ of less than 50 GeV, assuming wino production cross sections. At 95% confidence level, wino-like $\tilde{\chi}^{\pm}_1$/$\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}$ masses are excluded up to 275 GeV for $\Delta m$ of 10 GeV relative to the lightest neutralino. The higgsino simplified model is of particular interest; mass-degenerate electroweakinos are expected in natural SUSY, which predicts light higgsinos. In this model, excluded masses reach up to 205 GeV for $\Delta m$ of 7.5 GeV and 150 GeV for a highly compressed scenario with $\Delta m$ of 3 GeV. In the pMSSM higgsino model, the limits are presented in the plane of the higgsino-bino mass parameters $\mu$-$M_1$; the higgsino mass parameter $\mu$ is excluded up to 170 GeV, when the bino mass parameter $M_1$ is 600 GeV. For larger values of $M_1$, the mass splitting $\Delta m (\tilde{\chi}^{0}_{2}, \tilde{\chi}^0_1)$ becomes smaller; for $M_1 = $ 800 GeV, $\mu$ is excluded up to 180 GeV. Finally, two $\tilde{\mathrm{t}}$-$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ mass-degenerate benchmark models are considered. Top squarks with masses below 540 (480) GeV are excluded for the four-body (chargino-mediated) top squark decay model, with a ($\tilde{\mathrm{t}}$-$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$) mass splitting at 30 GeV. |
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