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| CMS-HIG-18-026 ; CERN-EP-2024-028 | ||
| Search for the decay of the Higgs boson to a pair of light pseudoscalar bosons in the final state with four bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 15 March 2024 | ||
| Submitted to J. High Energy Phys. | ||
| Abstract: A search is presented for the decay of the 125 GeV Higgs boson (H) to a pair of new light pseudoscalar bosons ($ \mathrm{a} $), followed by the prompt decay of each a boson to a bottom quark-antiquark pair, $ \mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}} $. The analysis is performed using a data sample of proton-proton collisions collected with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. To reduce the background from standard model processes, the search requires the Higgs boson to be produced in association with a leptonically decaying W or Z boson. The analysis probes the production of new light bosons in a 15 $ < m_{\mathrm{a}} < $ 60 GeV mass range. Assuming the standard model predictions for the Higgs boson production cross sections for pp $\to$ WH and ZH, model independent upper limits at 95% confidence level are derived for the branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) $. The combined WH and ZH observed upper limit on the branching fraction ranges from 1.10 for $ m_{\mathrm{a}} = $ 20 GeV to 0.36 for $ m_{\mathrm{a}} = $ 60 GeV, complementing other measurements in the $ \mu\mu\tau\tau $, $ \tau\tau\tau\tau $ and $ \mathrm{b}\mathrm{b}\ell\ell $ ($ \ell=\mu$, $\tau $) channels. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2403.10341 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the WH channel extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. Signal regions for the 3b (upper) and 4b (lower) event categories are shown separately for the electron (left) and muon (right) channels. The dotted lines $ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}^{20\,\text{GeV}} $, $ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}^{60\,\text{GeV}} $, illustrate the shapes of the signal template normalised to the SM cross section times a branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 and scaled by the factors indicated in the figure. The horizontal error bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 1-a:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the WH channel extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. Signal regions for the 3b (upper) and 4b (lower) event categories are shown separately for the electron (left) and muon (right) channels. The dotted lines $ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}^{20\,\text{GeV}} $, $ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}^{60\,\text{GeV}} $, illustrate the shapes of the signal template normalised to the SM cross section times a branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 and scaled by the factors indicated in the figure. The horizontal error bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 1-b:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the WH channel extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. Signal regions for the 3b (upper) and 4b (lower) event categories are shown separately for the electron (left) and muon (right) channels. The dotted lines $ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}^{20\,\text{GeV}} $, $ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}^{60\,\text{GeV}} $, illustrate the shapes of the signal template normalised to the SM cross section times a branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 and scaled by the factors indicated in the figure. The horizontal error bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 1-c:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the WH channel extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. Signal regions for the 3b (upper) and 4b (lower) event categories are shown separately for the electron (left) and muon (right) channels. The dotted lines $ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}^{20\,\text{GeV}} $, $ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}^{60\,\text{GeV}} $, illustrate the shapes of the signal template normalised to the SM cross section times a branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 and scaled by the factors indicated in the figure. The horizontal error bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 1-d:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the WH channel extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. Signal regions for the 3b (upper) and 4b (lower) event categories are shown separately for the electron (left) and muon (right) channels. The dotted lines $ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}^{20\,\text{GeV}} $, $ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}^{60\,\text{GeV}} $, illustrate the shapes of the signal template normalised to the SM cross section times a branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 and scaled by the factors indicated in the figure. The horizontal error bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 2:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the ZH channel extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. Signal regions for the 3b (upper) and 4b (lower) event categories are shown separately for the electron (left) and muon (right) channels. The dotted lines $ \mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}^{20\,\text{GeV}} $ and $ \mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}^{60\,\text{GeV}} $, illustrate the shapes of the signal template normalised to the SM cross section times a branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 and scaled by the factors indicated in the figure. The horizontal error bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-a:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the ZH channel extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. Signal regions for the 3b (upper) and 4b (lower) event categories are shown separately for the electron (left) and muon (right) channels. The dotted lines $ \mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}^{20\,\text{GeV}} $ and $ \mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}^{60\,\text{GeV}} $, illustrate the shapes of the signal template normalised to the SM cross section times a branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 and scaled by the factors indicated in the figure. The horizontal error bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-b:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the ZH channel extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. Signal regions for the 3b (upper) and 4b (lower) event categories are shown separately for the electron (left) and muon (right) channels. The dotted lines $ \mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}^{20\,\text{GeV}} $ and $ \mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}^{60\,\text{GeV}} $, illustrate the shapes of the signal template normalised to the SM cross section times a branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 and scaled by the factors indicated in the figure. The horizontal error bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-c:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the ZH channel extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. Signal regions for the 3b (upper) and 4b (lower) event categories are shown separately for the electron (left) and muon (right) channels. The dotted lines $ \mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}^{20\,\text{GeV}} $ and $ \mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}^{60\,\text{GeV}} $, illustrate the shapes of the signal template normalised to the SM cross section times a branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 and scaled by the factors indicated in the figure. The horizontal error bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-d:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the ZH channel extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. Signal regions for the 3b (upper) and 4b (lower) event categories are shown separately for the electron (left) and muon (right) channels. The dotted lines $ \mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}^{20\,\text{GeV}} $ and $ \mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}^{60\,\text{GeV}} $, illustrate the shapes of the signal template normalised to the SM cross section times a branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 and scaled by the factors indicated in the figure. The horizontal error bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 3:
Model independent 95% CL upper limits on $ \sigma_{\mathrm{V}\mathrm{H}} \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) / \sigma_{\mathrm{SM}} $ for the WH channel (upper), the ZH channel (middle), and the combination of both channels (lower), where ``a'' is a new pseudoscalar particle decaying through $ \mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}} $, and $ \sigma_{\mathrm{SM}} $ is the SM Higgs boson production cross section. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-a:
Model independent 95% CL upper limits on $ \sigma_{\mathrm{V}\mathrm{H}} \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) / \sigma_{\mathrm{SM}} $ for the WH channel (upper), the ZH channel (middle), and the combination of both channels (lower), where ``a'' is a new pseudoscalar particle decaying through $ \mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}} $, and $ \sigma_{\mathrm{SM}} $ is the SM Higgs boson production cross section. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-b:
Model independent 95% CL upper limits on $ \sigma_{\mathrm{V}\mathrm{H}} \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) / \sigma_{\mathrm{SM}} $ for the WH channel (upper), the ZH channel (middle), and the combination of both channels (lower), where ``a'' is a new pseudoscalar particle decaying through $ \mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}} $, and $ \sigma_{\mathrm{SM}} $ is the SM Higgs boson production cross section. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-c:
Model independent 95% CL upper limits on $ \sigma_{\mathrm{V}\mathrm{H}} \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) / \sigma_{\mathrm{SM}} $ for the WH channel (upper), the ZH channel (middle), and the combination of both channels (lower), where ``a'' is a new pseudoscalar particle decaying through $ \mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}} $, and $ \sigma_{\mathrm{SM}} $ is the SM Higgs boson production cross section. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Signal region (SR) and control region (CR) requirements in ($ N_{\mathrm{b}} $, $ N_{\text{j}} $) for the WH and ZH channels, where $ N_{\mathrm{b}} $ is the number of $ \mathrm{b}\text{-tagged} $ jets in an event and $ N_{\text{j}} $ is the total number of jets in an event. |
png pdf |
Table 2:
Summary of systematic uncertainties and their effect on the background and signal event yields in the WH channel. Uncertainties that are negligible are indicated with a dash ($ \text{---} $). |
png pdf |
Table 3:
Summary of systematic uncertainties and their effect on the background and signal event yields in the ZH channel. Uncertainties that are negligible are indicated with a dash ($ \text{---} $). |
png pdf |
Table 4:
Signal-plus-background fit results for the 3b WH and ZH signal regions extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. The lepton flavor (e or $ \mu $) and BDT bin range (in square brackets) are indicated in the column headings. Signal yields corresponding to the expectation for SM VH production and $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 are shown for the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 20 and 60 GeV hypotheses. The background uncertainties account for both systematic and statistical sources. |
png pdf |
Table 5:
Signal-plus-background fit results for the 4b WH and ZH signal regions extracted with the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}=$ 60 GeV signal hypothesis. The lepton flavor (e or $ \mu $) and BDT bin range (in square brackets) are indicated in the column headings. Signal yields corresponding to the expectation for SM VH production and $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) = $ 1 are shown for the $ m_{\mathrm{a}}= $ 20 and 60 GeV hypotheses. The background uncertainties account for both systematic and statistical sources. |
| Summary |
| A search for exotic decays of the 125 GeV Higgs boson (H) to a pair of new light pseudoscalar bosons ($ \mathrm{a} $), followed by decay to four b quark jets, $ \mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}} $, is presented, using data recorded with the CMS detector. The analysis is based on an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$ collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016--2018. The search is performed in the context of the associated WH and ZH production in which the W or Z boson decays leptonically, $ \mathrm{W}\to\ell\nu $ or $ \mathrm{Z}\to\ell^+\ell^- $, with $ \ell $ an electron or muon. No evidence for the targeted decay mode is observed. The analysis obtains model independent upper limits at 95% confidence level on the branching fraction $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}\to\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}) $ of a SM-like Higgs boson. The combined result for the associated WH and ZH Higgs boson production excludes branching fractions as low as 0.36 in the mass range $ m_{\mathrm{a}} $ between about 25 GeV and 60 GeV, assuming the SM WH and ZH cross-sections. These results provide enhanced sensitivity, in the mass range $ m_{\mathrm{a}} \gtrsim $ 20 GeV, in complementary regions of the 2HDM+S model parameter space compared to CMS searches in the $ \mu\mu\tau\tau $ and $ \mathrm{b}\mathrm{b}\ell\ell $ ($ \ell=\mu, \tau $) final states. |
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Compact Muon Solenoid LHC, CERN |
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